Exam 1 Flashcards
(27 cards)
rate of absorption for transdermal
slow
rate of absorption for mucous membranes
quick
rate of absorption for respiratory tract
quick
rate of absorption for oral
slow
rate of absorption for intramuscular
depends on form of drug
aqueous is quicker compared with oil which slows absorption
rate of absorption for subcutaneous
slow
rate of absorption for intravenous
most rapid absorption
what is peak
highest concentration
what is trough
lowest concentration
considerations for older adults
may have chronic conditions and take multiple meds- check drug interactions
changes in neuro, metabolic rate, kidney and liver function- need smaller dose
decreased level of albumin
metabolism of drugs slowed
may need pill organizer to remember which drugs to take
greater BP fluctuations
quickly dehydrated and experience electrolyte imbalance
decreased kidney function
may not be able to afford meds
limited vision= misread labels
swallowing muscles weaken
stroke- causing weakness on one side
difficulty opening childproof caps
1/3 nonadherent with meds due to confusion, forgetfulness, poor vision, socioeconomic reasons
Considerations for pediatrics
differences in size, age, weight, surface area, and organ maturity affect absorption
drug dosages lower
doses based on age and weight
check with parents for most effective way to give
Medication reconciliation- what is it
process of reviewing patient’s complete med regimen at admission, transfer, and discharge and comparing with new regimen proposed for new care setting
steps for medication reconciliation
obtain info on current meds being taken when admitted
define types of info to be collected in non-24-hour settings and different circumstances
compare info from patient with meds being ordered and identify and resolve discrepancies
provide written med instructions after discharge
explain importance of managing med info after discharge
liver function affect meds
when liver function decreased a drug may be eliminated more slowly than usual, resulting in an accumulation of the drug that could lead to toxic levels
what are drug interactions
where one drug modifies the action of another
nurses must be aware of foods that interfere with desired uptake or action
what is medication order
written prescription for a drug
nurse’s responsibilities in med admin
know which drugs are high alert
calculate doses accurately and have checked
know interferences with lab tests
check for allergies
know about drug and dosage limits
assess for therapeutic effect
teach about each drug
follow six rights
document after drug given
assess for side and adverse effects
know drug interactions
types of orders
routine or scheduled
PRN
one-time order
Stat
renewal
orders by protocol
prototype
first drug in a class of meds
brand name
trademarked
generic name
not trademarked
anyone can use
antipyretic
anti fever
normal temp
97.8 to 99.1
normal BP
90/60 to 120/80
