Exam #1

Question 1

3 Types of Basic Carbohydrates

Answer 1

1. Monosaccharides
2. Disaccharides
3. Polysaccharides

Question 2

Monosaccharides

Answer 2

Eg. Glucose

Fructose and Glucose, same formula, but different structure. This is known as ISOMERS

Question 3

Disaccharides

Answer 3

Means two monosaccharides

- Eg. maltose and sucralose

Question 4

Polysaccharides

Answer 4

Many monosacharides together

Eg. starch

Question 5

1 Fat =

Answer 5

3 Fatty acids + 1 Glycerol

Question 6

What is Cholesterol?

Answer 6

It’s a fat found in the cell membrane

Question 7

Saturated Fats

Answer 7

Are found in animals such as butter, animal fat, means they will not dissolve with other compounds.
Hydrophobic - fats can’t dissolve
Steroid is saturated.

Question 8

Unsaturated Fats

Answer 8

All vegetable fats.

Question 9

Hydropholic

Answer 9

Any other compounds such as carbs dissolve in water

Question 10

Organelles?

Answer 10

are the structure that perform metabolic functions, such as respiration, digestion and reproduction

Question 11

Semipermeable

Answer 11

Some things can pass, some can’t that’s why cell membrane is complicated.

Question 12

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 12

Have ribosomes and manufacture proteins

Question 13

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 13

Manufacture lipids

Question 14

Golgi apparatus

Answer 14

2 functions:

1. Store lipids and proteins
2. If other cells need it, they ship them out

Question 15

Chromatin Network

Answer 15

Are a bunch of chromosomes intertwined together

Question 16

Nuclear Membrane has holes called?

Answer 16

Nuclear pores for DNA and RNA

Question 17

Ribosomes?

Answer 17

Are organelles so they can produce proteins and present in cytoplasm

Question 18

What is a Lysosome?

Answer 18

It is a suicide organelle, because when they break they release enzymes to either help the cell survive or kill the cell

Question 19

Perioxisome

Answer 19

They have enzyme catalase and breaks down hydrogen peroxide to give our body water and oxygen = H20 + Oxygen

Question 20

Microtubules and Microfilaments have 4 functions

Answer 20

1. Cells are made different shapes because of the way they are arranged
2. push out cytoplasm that they form structures such as cilia
3. form flagellum
4. form another organelle called centriole

Question 21

What is the major commodity in cytoplasm?

Answer 21

Water and other organelles

Question 22

Epithelium?

Answer 22

Is the covering tissue

Question 23

3 types of epithelium?

Answer 23

1. Squamous - 6 - sided, inside cheeks
2. Columnar - inside small intestines
3. Cuboidal - found in nephrons, in kidneys, which produce urine

Question 24

Connective Tissue?

Answer 24

Bone, cartilage, tendon and ligaments

Question 25

Loose connective tissue?

Answer 25

holds organs together in our abdominal area

Question 26

Collagen and Elastine both are?

Answer 26

Protein fibres

Question 27

The connective tissue has matrix chemical compounds of?

Answer 27

Carbohydrates, fats and proteins

Question 28

Dense Connective tissue means?

Answer 28

Found in ligaments and tendons | Lots of collagen, dense

Question 29

In the matrix of bone you will find?

Answer 29

Calcium and Magnesium > carbonate, phosphate, sulphate

Question 30

What is the Haversian Canal?

Answer 30

Through which blood vessels can pass

Question 31

Haversian Canal inside is...

Answer 31

---> Lucanae ---> canaliculi -->Osteocyte

Question 32

The cells founds in bones are?

Answer 32

Osteocyte - which have blood vessels and nerves

Question 33

Plasma is...

Answer 33

...the matrix in which you find all the different cells of blood

Question 34

Red blood cells are known as?

Answer 34

Erythrocytes (carries hemoglobin)

Question 35

White blood cells are known as?

Answer 35

Leucocytes

Question 36

In 1 drop of blood?

Answer 36

1 Erythrocytes to 1 Leucocytes

Question 37

Platelets?

Answer 37

- Are bits and pieces of cells surrounded by cell membrane | - they help in clotting

Question 38

Hemoglobin carries?

Answer 38

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide and Carbon Monoxide

Question 39

Oxygen and Hemoglobin

Answer 39

Oxyhemoglobin

Question 40

Carbon dioxide (CO2) and Hemoglobin

Answer 40

Oxyminohemoglobin

Question 41

Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Hemoglobin

Answer 41

Carboxyhemoglobin

Question 42

Oxygen is given to cells because?

Answer 42

For Cellular respiration, so we get energy.

Question 43

GLYCOPROTEIN

Answer 43

Carbs and protein

Question 44

GLYCOLIPID

Answer 44

Carbs and lipids