Exam 1

Question 1

Oocytes are produced by what and expelled during what?

Answer 1

Ovaries, expelled during ovulation

Question 2

What sweeps the oocyte where it may be fertilized?

Answer 2

Fimbria of the uterine tube

Question 3

Where are oocytes fertilized?

Answer 3

Ampulla of the uterine tube

Question 4

Sperm are produced where and are stored where?

Answer 4

Testes,

Epididymis

Question 5

After a oocyte is penetrated by sperm it soon becomes what? As it passes along the uterine tube towards uterus it undergoes what process?

Answer 5

Zygote,

Cleavage (mitotic cell divisions)

Question 6

A ball of about 12 blastomeres is called what?

Answer 6

Morula

Question 7

A cavity forms in an morula making it a blastocyst consisting of what two things?

Answer 7

Embryoblast (a cavity) and

Trophoblast (encloses embryoblast)

Question 8

The blastocyst is implanted where At the end of the first week after fertilization?

Answer 8

Endometrium

Question 9

Chromosomes and DNA copies in prophase of mitosis, completion of mitosis?

Answer 9

46 chrom. 4N copies DNA

46 chrom. 2N copies DNA

Question 10

Chromosomes and DNA copies in prophase of meiosis 1, after first meiotic division, and after second meiotic division?

Answer 10

46 chrom. 4N

23 chrom. 2N

23 chrom. 1N

Question 11

Which two ovarian cells are responsible for estrogen/progesterone production?

Answer 11

Theca cells and granulosa cells

Question 12

During the process of ovulation, what is actually ejected from the ovary?

Answer 12

Secondary oocyte

Question 13

During the average menstrual cycle LH and FSH levels are highest during which phase?

Answer 13

Before ovulation

Question 14

During spermatozoa maturation protamines replace histones to facilitate chromatin condensation. When or where are sperm DNA protamines removed and replaced by histones?

Answer 14

In the oocyte after fertilization

Question 15

The first polar body is produced during which stage of human development?

Answer 15

Tertiary Graafian follicle

Question 16

When does Zona pellucida hatching occur?

Answer 16

Blastocyst stage

Question 17

The amniotic cavity is formed when:

Answer 17

A cavity forms in the epiblast

Question 18

GnRH regulates FSH and FSH supports both spermatogenesis and oogenesis by acting on which cells?

Answer 18

Sertoli and granulosa cells

Question 19

During human gastrulation which definitive germ layer forms first?

Answer 19

Endoderm

Question 20

Placental villi primarily derive from which tissue?

Answer 20

Trophoblast of the blastocyst

Question 21

The chorionic cavity or extraembryonic coelom forms between which two layers?

Answer 21

Somatic extraembryonic mesoderm and splanchnic extraembryonic mesoderm

Question 22

The oropharyngeal membrane (oral plate) is a combination of which layers?

Answer 22

Ectoderm and endoderm

Question 23

Why is the notochord referred to as the “primary inducer”?

Answer 23

Induces ectoderm to form the neural plate and induces paraxial mesoderm to form somites

Question 24

The intraembryonic coelom forms during week 3 and is defined by horizontal folding during week 4 of embryonic development. Where does this occur?

Answer 24

Between somatic and splanchnic mesoderm

Question 25

A primary outcome of caudal embryonic longitudinal folding is formation of the?

Answer 25

Hindgut

Question 26

What is the source of the mesothelium that makes up the parietal peritoneum?

Answer 26

Lateral somatic mesoderm

Question 27

The trophoblast differentiates into two layers called?

Answer 27

The sycytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast.

Question 28

What glandular structure maintains pregnancy with secretions of estrogen and progesterone in the blastocyst?

Answer 28

Corpus luteum

Question 29

What appears in the syncytiotrophoblast that provides nutrients to the embryo?

Answer 29

Blood filled lacunae

Question 30

Outer surface of the yolk sac and amnion is?

Answer 30

Splanchnic mesoderm

Question 31

What produces hCG?

Answer 31

Syncytiotrophoblast

Question 32

The extraembryonic mesoderm surrounds?

Answer 32

The amnion and umbilical vesicle

Question 33

Somatic mesoderm covers ______ while splanchnic covers what?

Answer 33

Somatic mesoderm covers the amnion; splanchnic mesoderm covers the umbilical vesicle

Question 34

The first sign of gastrulation is the formation of the ________ on the surface of the ___________

Answer 34

Primitive streak; | Epiblast

Question 35

What forms somites?

Answer 35

Paraxial mesoderm

Question 36

Mesenchymal cells organize to become ?

Answer 36

Intraembryonic mesoderm

Question 37

The primitive streak produces what?

Answer 37

Mesenchymal cells

Question 38

A thickening of embryonic ectoderm creates the?

Answer 38

Neural plate

Question 39

Mesenchymal cells form the?

Answer 39

Notochordal process