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Communications 1500 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

Communication

A
  • the simultaneous sharing and creating of meaning through human symbolic interaction
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2
Q

Communication competence

A
  • the ability to take part in effective communication by
    1) skills
    2) understanding (why)
    3) connection (speaker and audience)
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3
Q

Communication and our technological society

A

1) social media
2) social networks
3) communication and career development
4) communication and ethical behavior
5) communication and our multicultural diversity

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4
Q

Principles of Communication

A

1) communication is a process
2) communication is a system
3) communication is transactional (2 ways)
4) communication can be intentional or unintentional

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5
Q

**Essential Components of Communications

A

1) source/sender (encoding)
2) message
3) interference/noise
4) channel
5) receiver (decoding)
6) feedback
7) environment
8) context

(Harcombe ex wink ends up being taken as eyedrops?)

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6
Q

Types of Communication

A

1) Intrapersonal Communication
- understanding info within ones self (thinking)
2) Interpersonal Communication
a. Dyadic communication - btw 2 people (interview)
b. Small group
3) Public Communication
4) Mass Communication
5) communication via social media

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7
Q

7 Distinguishing factors from social media to face to face communication

A

1) interactivity
- the ability to communicate between groups and individuals through a comm tool
2) temporal structure
- the time it takes to receive and send messages
3) social cues
- verbal and nonverbal features of a message
4) replicability
- easy to record or redistribute past messages
5) storage
- face to face interactions are gone after
6) reach
- social media allows contact with people much further
7) mobility
- face to face is as mobile as walking

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8
Q

Misconceptions about communication

A

1) communication is a cure-all
2) quantity means quality
3) meaning is in the words we use
4) we have a natural ability to communicate
5) communication is reversible

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9
Q

Public speaking

A
  • the art of oral communication with an audience
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10
Q

5 Techniques for finding a topic to public speak about

A

1) self-inventory
- lists of subjects u find interesting
2) brainstorm
3) reviewing the current media
4) engage listeners with social media
5) surf the web

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11
Q

*informative speech

A
  • enhances the audiences knowledge and understanding by explaining what something is, how it works and why. Inform not biased.
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12
Q

*Persuasive Speech

A
  • attempt to change the listeners belief attitude or behavior. Must present evidence and arguments. Difference between this and informative speeches is the action of audience as a result.
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13
Q
  • entertainment speech
A
  • provide enjoyment and amusement
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14
Q

*general purpose or overall goal of speeches

A

1) to inform
2) to persuade
3) to entertain

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15
Q

Specific purpose of a speech

A
  • a single phrase that defines precisely what you intend to accomplish in your speech
  • an EFFECTIVE sp identifies
    1) the general purpose of the speech
    2) the audience
    3) the exact topic to be covered
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16
Q

Thesis

A
  • says exactly what is going to be discussed during the speech
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17
Q

*Audience analysis

A
  • the collection and interpretation of data about characteristics, attitudes, values, and beliefs of an audience
  • understanding the listeners point of view
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18
Q

*captive versus voluntary participants

A

1) Captive
- people who are required to hear the speech
2) voluntary
- want to hear the speech because of a particular interest or need

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19
Q

Demographic Analysis

A
  • the collection of basic information to help the speaker relate to the audience
  • age, gender, cultural or ethnic background, education, occupation, religion, geographical origins,group membership
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20
Q

Psychological Analysis

Study These Flashcards
A
  • collection of data on an audience members values, attitudes and beliefs
  • size of audience, physical setting, knowledge level, attitudes and values related to the topic, attitudes related to the situation
21
Q

Ways to learn about the audience

Study These Flashcards
A

1) observation
2) questionnaires
3) survey interview
- Q&A session before the speech

22
Q

*Research: Gathering information

Study These Flashcards
A

1) The Internet
- make sure reliable and credible
-it needs:
an author, publishing body, currency and a purpose

23
Q

Using research to support and clarify ideas

Study These Flashcards
A

1) testimony
- opinions or conclusions of a witness
2) examples
- simple representative incident that clarifies a point
3) definitions
- clarification of a term
4) Statistics
- numerical data that interpret circumstances

24
Q

Cite sources

Study These Flashcards
A

1) orally (author, date, source)
2) in the text of the outline
3) in the APA bibliography

25
Organizing speech
- arranging the speech into its parts into a systematic and meaningful whole - 3 parts: intro, body and conclusion
26
Main points
- are the principal subdivisions of a speech | - are broad statements that help organize your main particulars found through research
27
Presenting the main points
1) be precise 2) use vivid language 3) show relevance 4) creative parallel structure
28
Time sequence or chronological pattern
- presentation begins at a particular point in time and continues either forward or backwards
29
Spatial pattern
- content of a speech is organized according to relationships in space
30
Topical pattern
- the main topic is divided into a series of subtopics
31
Mind mapping
- an organizational strategy in which you visually map out how various ideas connect
32
Narrative or storytelling
- using a report of ideas and situations, as in a story but without the traditional story components
33
Connect the main points with
1) transitions - link ideas 2) sign posts - indicate direction of the speech to audience 3) internal previews - gives advance warnings of points going to be covered 4) internal summaries or reviews - short review statement at the end of main point
34
Introductions
1) orient/gain attention 2) thesis 3) motivate the audience to listen/establish credibility 4) relate to the audience 5) forecast main points/preview
35
Credibility
- the audiences perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a topic and has the best interests of the audience at mind
36
Conclusion
1) show that you are finishing your speech 2) restate thesis 3) review main points 4) end with a memorable thought
37
3 Principles in Outlining the speech
1) Subcoordination - clearly identifies the hierarchy of ideas 2) Coordination - suggests that the ideas with the same level of importance use the same kinds of numbers and symbols to visually indicate the relationship between the ideas 3) Parallelism - style in which all ideas, main points, sub points and so on use similar grammatical forms and language patterns
38
Types of outlines
1) preliminary outline - list of all the points that may be used in the speech 2) full-sentence outline - expands on the ideas you have decided to include in you speech written in full sentences 3) presentational outline - concise, condensed outline with notations, usually a combination of full sentences and key words or phrases
39
Speech anxiety
- a multi-system response that creates a combination of biochemical changes in the body in a communication situation
40
Communication apprehension
- the most severe form of speech anxiety, an anxiety syndrome associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons
41
*Systematic desensitization
- is a relaxation technique designed to reduce the tenseness associated with anxiety - goal is to help develop a new, relaxed response to anxiety provoking event
42
**4 Most common methods of delivery
1) Impromptu delivery - little or no formal planning, thinking on feet 2) manuscript delivery - reading a speech word for word, every word must be stated precisely (state of the union) 3) memorized delivery - requires one to memorize an entire speech, for short presentations, lacks flexibility, can forget what you wanted to say and can be mechanical sounding 4) extemporaneous delivery - speaker uses carefully prepared and researched speech, delivered using format notes allowing for flexibility, more conversational between memorized manuscript and impromptu
43
Vocal quality
- overall impression a speakers voice makes on his or her listeners
44
Intelligibility
- vocal volume, distinctiveness of sound, clarity of pronunciation, articulation and stress placed on delivery
45
Vocal variety
- variations in rate, force and pitch
46
Physical aspects
1) personal appearance - dress and look appropriate 2) body movement 3) gestures - help illustrate points 4) eye contact - MOST IMPORTANT
47
Presentational Aids
- helps with delivery - makes speech easy to understand and memorable - enhance speaks credibility - creates audience attention and interest - provides support
48
Types of presentational aids
1) computer generated images 2) video and digitized video clips 3) real objects 4) models - line graph shows a trend over time 5) photographs, drawings and diagrams

Communications 1500 (3 decks)

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