Exam 1

Question 1

what barriers are faced when accessing oral health care?

Answer 1

structural, cultural, financial, personal

Question 2

Who defines health as fulfilling society’s interest in assuring conditions in which people can be health?

Answer 2

Institute of Medicine (IOM)

Question 3

What organization defines health as the following?

Answer 3

Health is a state of complete, physical, mental, and social well being and is not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

the WHO

Question 4

determine the cost effectiveness of a community dental program is most similar to what element of the individual patient process

Answer 4

evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment

Question 5

ten great public health achievements of the 20th century

Answer 5

vaccination

motor vehicle safety

workplace safet

infectious disease control

reduction in death from heart disease and stroke

safer and healthier food

healthier mothers and babies

family planning

fluoridated drinking water

recognition of tobacco use as a health hazard

Question 6

state, county and local opportunities in DPH

Answer 6

WIC- educator and advocate

medicaid- educator, advocate, administrator/man

maternal and child health program- advocate, educator

state bureau of prisons- clinician, educator, advocate, administrator / manager

Question 7

what is the children’s health insurance program? (CHIP)

Answer 7

jointly funded federal state program that provides health insurance coverage for children up to age 19 whose families do not qualify for medicaid and are 2x that if federal povert level

Question 8

this group has never paid for oral health services

Answer 8

medicare

Question 9

all of the following are required for effective program planning EXCEPT:

a. sufficient time and resources
b. prompt reaction to a crisis
c. community recognition of a need
d. behavioral, cultural, environmental and political influences addressed
e. community input and ownership

Answer 9

B. Prompt reaction to a crisis

Question 10

this is counseling families about their child’s current oral health status and what to expect in the different development stages

Answer 10

anticipatory guidance

Question 11

what provides a framework for public health practitioners?

Answer 11

assess the oral health needs of the community and quality and availability of resources and services

provide screening referral and educational services that allow patients and clients to access the resources of health care systems

provide community oral health services in a variety of settings

facilitate patient and client access to oral health services by influencing individuals and or organizations for the provision of oral health care

evaluate reimbursement mechanisms and their impact on the patients or clients access to oral health care

evaluate the outcomes or community based programs and plan for future activists

Question 12

This is one of the 9 specialties in dentistry and it is recognized by the ADA

Answer 12

Dental Public Health

Question 13

which organization has developed competency statements specifically for the newly graduated dental hygienist?

Answer 13

american dental education association

Question 14

the best time to get a community input when developing dental public health program is

Answer 14

during the needs assessment

Question 15

how many countries worldwide use dental therapists or dental nurse providers to provide health care?

Answer 15

50

Question 16

in public health, even in a clinical setting, how is the patient treated?

Answer 16

the care decisions for that person are impacted by the larger community and the setting in which the patient is treated along with the financial part of it

Question 17

the controlled clinical trials of sTer fluoridated began in:

Answer 17

1945

Question 18

who controlled clinical trials of water fluoridation?

Answer 18

National Institute of dental craniofacial research (NIDCR)

in 1945 in grand rapids Michigan and newburgh NY

Question 19

All of the following groups have limited access to oral health care EXCEPT

Answer 19

minorities, poor children, ritual residents, people of low socioeconomic position
**working professionals

Question 20

which of the following is an accurate representation of a current dental public health workforce issue?

Answer 20

ethnic representation in the dental public health workforce does not mirror representation in the population served by the public health programs**

too many graduates are applying for dental public health advanced education programs

salaries for dental public health positions are not much different than salaries in private dental or dental hygiene practice

currently there are many options for dental hygienists to pursue advanced education or credentialing in dental public health

Question 21

structural barriers to oral health include:

Answer 21

the number, type and distribution of health care providers

Question 22

how is health defined by webster?

Answer 22

a physical and mental well being; freedom from disease

Question 23

the department of health and human services launched what?

Answer 23

healthy people 2020

Question 24

this is jointly funded by federal and state for certain low income and needy people. oral health service for children are mandatory

Answer 24

medicaid

Question 25

this phase continued progression in technology allowed further treatment of disease thru increasingly complex medical treatments. this occurred a lot in hospital settings instead of community based aspects

Answer 25

phase 3 (1930-1975)

Question 26

in what roles might a public health dental hygienist participate in professionally

Answer 26

educator, administrators m, advocate and researcher

Question 27

the most important consideration when creative effective public health programs is to:

Answer 27

get the community’s input prior to planning programs

Question 28

alternative models for health care delivery:

Answer 28

have been successful world wide indicate nondentist providers quality care indicate nondentist providers are less expensive to educate indicate that nondentist providers can provide care without supervision

Question 29

in this phase- public health related to elimination and control of diseases that grew out of rapid industrialization (industrial development) and crowded and poor living conditions

Answer 29

phase 1 (1849-1900)

Question 30

what does the dental public health role require skills in?

Answer 30

assessing and diagnosing community oral health needs planning and implementing evaluating community based oral health programs providing educational services applying research use of epidemiology inventing programs advocating understanding the organization of health care

Question 31

Who defined health as the science and art preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting physical health and efficiency through organized community efforts?

Answer 31

Winslow in 1920

Question 32

In private practice, how is treatment based?

Answer 32

when the patient is in the dental chair, he or she is based on individual needs

Question 33

this is a comprehensive nationwide health promotion and disease prevention plan

Answer 33

healthy people

Question 34

what groups have the poorest oral health of racial and ethnic groups in the US?

Answer 34

non hispanic blacks, hispanics, american indians and alaska natives

Question 35

how does the ADHA describe the role of a hygienist?

Answer 35

advocate educator clinician researcher and administrator or manager

Question 36

these barriers are related to the number, type, concentration, location or organizational configuration of health care providers

Answer 36

structural barriers

Question 37

What is the definition of dental public health by the American Board of Dental Public Health? (ABDPH)

Answer 37

the science and art of preventing and controlling dental diseases and promoting dental health through organized community efforts. it is that form of dental practice that serves the community as a patient rather than the individual. it is concerned with dental health education of the public, with applied dental research and with the administration of group dental care programs, as well as the prevention and control of dental disease on a community basis.

Question 38

assessment of risk factor and protective factors for dental caries, perio disease, malocclusion, and oral injury

Answer 38

risk assessment

Question 39

all of the following trends may increase access to care EXCEPT:

Answer 39

tele-dentistry mobile and portable dentistry dental expansion of community health center more restrictive dental and dental hygiene state practice acts** volunteerism

Question 40

other than private practice, what are other dental options for people? especially those with low income

Answer 40

safety net dental clinics mobile and portable dental services tele dentistry

Question 41

these types of barriers limit access because of a patients inability to pay for a service or providers who choose not to provide care for those with limited finances

Answer 41

financial barriers

Question 42

The surgeons generals report, a national call to action to promote oral health covers five actions. which of the following is NOT one of the actions?

Answer 42

change public perceptions of oral health increase oral health workforce diversity, capacity and flexibility build the science base and accelerate science transfer overcome barriers by replicating effective programs and proven efforts promote more disciplinary rather than interdisciplinary collaborations**

Question 43

what is the most distinctive different between public health and private practice?

Answer 43

the concept of the community as a patient

Question 44

this phase is population based prevention strategies possible with advances in bacteriology and immunizations, reducing the effects of infectious diseases. immunization programs came out of this phase

Answer 44

phase 2 (1880-1930)

Question 45

what are the three core functions of public health agencies?

Answer 45

assessment, policy development and assurance

Question 46

what are the two largest health care financing programs?

Answer 46

medicare and medicaid

Question 47

what was the primary reason for developing the NIDR?

Answer 47

address the national dental problems discovered through selective service rejections

Question 48

this is the current phase of public health. it arises from the realization that technology may be extremely effective in the treatment or cure of acute health problems but ineffective in managing chronic lifestyle diseases and controlling the high cost of technology health care

Answer 48

phase 4

Question 49

state dental public health units originally developed as a result of the:

Answer 49

maternal and child health grants to states

Question 50

federal opportunies in DPH

Answer 50

USPHS- clinician, administrator, researcher, educator Dept. of Justice- clinician, admin Dept of veterans affairs- clinician, admin., research FDA- researcher advocate NIDCR- research, admin man

Question 51

sufficient resources are necessary for effective programs. the creative planner will use which method to make the best of resources?

Answer 51

leveraging resources, considering common risk factors, working in coalitions, developing partnerships

Question 52

these types of barriers inhibit patetiones from seeking care or following provider recommendations based on personal or cultural beliefs

Answer 52

personal / cultural

Question 53

the third phase of public health included all of the following EXCEPT

Answer 53

Treatment of disease with complex medical treatment eradication of small pox intervention through hospitalization rather than the community cure for acute health problems effective management of chronic, lifestyle related diseases ***

Question 54

which of the following persons is least likely to have difficulty accessing dental care?

Answer 54

a frail, elderly woman who is home bound a 20 year old male, hispanic, migrant agriculture worker a 40 year old female american Indian in an isolated alaskan village a 59 year old stare gov. worker** a 2 year old who lives in a single parent family with his five brothers and is eligible but not enrolled in medicaid

Question 55

which organization monitors health issues on a global scale?

Answer 55

WHO

Question 56

all of the following are considered barriers to implementing evidence based dental public health practice EXCEPT:

Answer 56

the time it takes for practitioners to adopt new research the translation of techniques used successfully in private practice with individual patients to a community based population approach not having enough scientist to review previous studies **convincing third party payers to reimburse based on new practice guidelines

Question 57

what are subgroups that are factors for oral health problems?

Answer 57

age, sex, race or ethnicity, socioeconomic status, language, geography, medical or disability status, behavioral lifestyles,

Question 58

what is the primary department of the federal government that oversees public health activities at the national level

Answer 58

department of health and human services

Question 59

which of the following is NOT a true statement?

Answer 59

dental caries is the single most common chronic children’s disease over 50% of child abuse cases involve head and oral facial trauma uninsured children are 2.5 times less likely than insured children to receive dental care less than 200 school hours are lost to dental related illness each year*** African american males have the highest incidence of oral and pharyngeal cancers in the US and their 5 year survival rates are lower than the rest of the population