Flashcards in Exam 1 Deck (307)
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1
What are the 4 basic tissue types
Epithelium, Connective, muscle, and nerve
2
Types of epithelium tissue
squamous(flat shaped), columnar(tall, thinly shaped), cuboidal(cube shaped), stratified(has multiple shapes)
3
Functions of the epithelium
Secretion, selective absorption, protection, transcellular transport and sensing.
4
Where is the epithelium found?
The linings of cavities, organs, and glands
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Characteristics of the epithelium
Contain no blood vessls, so they receive their nutrients from underlying membrane, via diffusion. (Mucous and Serous membranes)
6
Where is the connective tissue found?
Found between other tissues everywhere in the body. Joints, ligaments, and tendons
7
3 main components of connective tissue
Fibers (elastic or collagenous), ground substance, and cells (fibroblast, adipocytes, macrophages, and leukocytes)
8
Types of connective tissue
Blood plasma, adipose tissue, tendons, ligaments, cartilage and bone.
9
What are muscle tissues?
Soft tissue that composes the muscle in the human body. Muscle cells are cell walls with well developed contractility.
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Types of muscle cells
skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
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Skeletal muscles
Striated muscles, that only contract voluntarily
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Smooth muscle
non-striated muscle, that contracts involuntarily and without conscious intervention.
13
Cardiac muscle
Semi-striated muscle, with intercalated disks. Contracts involuntarily and without conscious intervention. Found in the heart.
14
How can cardiac and smooth muscles be activated?
Through interactions of the nervous system and by receiving innervation from peripheral plexuses or endocrine/ hormonal type activation.
15
When do skeletal muscles contract voluntarily?
Upon influence from the CNS. *reflexes are a form of non conscious activation from the skeletal muscle*
16
What is the function of an intercalated disk?
helps with smooth and coordinated contractions. (contracts the heart so it beats at the same time)
17
Component of the nerve tissue are
neurons and nerve cells
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Functions of the nerve tissue
sensory input, integration, control of muscles, homeostasis, and mental activity.
19
Two types of neurons are
- Multipolar motor and autonomic (looks like a tree with the axon as the tree body)
- pseudo unipolar sensory (looks like it has 2 bodies and one head
20
Division of the nervous system containing the brain and spinal cord
Central Nervous System (CNS)
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Division of the nervous body with everything outside of the CNS
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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Location of neuron of the cell bodies, major component of CNS, contains myelinated axons
Gray Matter
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Location of the interconnecting fiber tract, contain relatively few cell bodies
White matter
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Thick outer most layer of the meninges
Duramater
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Delicate and transparent innermost layer of the meninges
Pia mater
26
Delicate avascular intermediate layer of the meninges
arachnoid mater
27
Connective tissue covering around individual axons in the PNS. Delicate innermost layer that forms sheaths to surround the neuroglia cells & axons
Endoneurium
28
What covers groups of axon? And is an immediate layer of dense connective tissue that encloses a fasiscle of peripheral nerve fibers
Perineurium
29
Thick, Tough connective tissue on the outside of the nerve fiber is called..? Surrounds & encloses the bundle of fasiscles. Includes fatty tissues, blood vessels, and lymphatics
Epineurium
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