OINA broken down Flashcards
(294 cards)
1
Q
What is the origin of the trapezius?
A
The external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7 to T12
2
Q
What is the insertion of the trapezius?
A
Posterior border of lateral third of the clavicle, acromion process, and the spine of the spatula
3
Q
What is the innervation of the trapezius?
A
Spinal root of the accesory nerve CN XI
4
Q
What is the action of the trapezius?
A
Elevation from the upper fibers, retraction from the middle fibers, depression from the lower fibers
5
Q
What is the origin of latissimus dorsi
A
The spinous processes of the vertebrate T7-L5, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inferior 3-4 ribs, and the inferior angle of the scapula
6
Q
Insertion of latissimus dorsi
A
Medial lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus (anterior to teres major)
7
Q
What is the innervation of latissimus dorsi
A
Thoracodorsal nerve
8
Q
Action of the latissimus dorsi
A
Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus, elevates the body when climbing
9
Q
Origin of the levator scapula
A
Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae
10
Q
Insertion of levator scapula
A
Superior part of the scapula
11
Q
Innervation of levator scapula
A
Dorsal scapula nerve C4-5
12
Q
Action of the levator scapula
A
Elevate the scapula, rotate head to the same side(ipsilateral rotation)
13
Q
Origin of rhomboid major
A
Spinous process of T2-T5
14
Q
Insertion of rhomboid major
A
Medial border of the scapula from the level of the spine to the inferior angle
15
Q
Nerve of the rhomboid major
A
Dorsal scapular nerve C4-5
16
Q
Action of rhomboid major
A
Retract and downwardly rotates the scapula
17
Q
Origin of the rhomboid minor
A
Spinous processes of C7-T1 and the ligamentum nuchae
18
Q
Insertion of the rhomboid minor
A
Medial border of the scapula from the level of the spine to the superior angle
19
Q
Nerve to rhomboid minor
A
Dorsal scapular nerve. C4-5
20
Q
Action of rhomboid minor
A
Retracts and downwardly rotates the scapula
21
Q
Origin of serratus posterior inferior
A
Spinous processes of T11-L2
22
Q
Insertion of serratus posterior inferior
A
The inferior 3-4 ribs
23
Q
Nerve of serratus posterior inferior
A
Ventral primary rami of last 4 thoracic nerves
24
Q
Action of serratus posterior inferior
A
Depress the inferior 3-4 ribs to prevent superior pull by the diaphragm
25
Origin of erector spinae
Broad tendon that attaches to the iliac crest, sacrum, sacroiliac ligaments, and sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes
26
Innervation of the erector spinae
Dorsal primary rami
27
Origin of the external abdominal oblique
External surface of the 5th-12th ribs
28
Insertion of external abdominal oblique
Linea alba, pubic crest, iliac crest, pubic symphysis
29
Innervation of external abdominal oblique
Inferior 5 thoracic nerves and subcostal nerve (T12) and iliohypogastric
30
Action of the external abdominal oblique
Flex, and rotate the trunk, laterally rotate the trunk, and compress the abdominal contents
31
Origin of the transversus abdominis
Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, lateral one third of the inguinal ligament, internal surface of costal cartilages 7-12
32
Insertion of the transversus abdominis
Linea alba, pubic crest, pubic, symphysis
33
Innervation of the transversus abdominis
Lower 5 thoracic nerves, subcostal, iliohypogastric
34
Action of the transversus abdominis
Compress and support abdominal viscera
35
Origin of psoas major
Transverse processes, bodies, and IVD of T12-L5
36
Insertion of psoas major
lesser trochanter with iliacus
37
Innervation of psoas major
ventral primary rami of L1-L3
38
Action of psoas major
Flexion of the thigh, lateral flexion of the trunk, and flexion of the trunk
39
Origin of psoas minor
Bodies of vertebrate T12- L1 and the disc in between
40
Insertion of psoas minor
Pubic bone
41
Innervation of psoas minor
Ventral primary ramus L1
42
Action of the psoas minor
Flexion of the pelvis and vertebral column
43
Origin of iliacus
Iliac fossa
44
Insertion of iliacus
Lesser trochanter with psoas major
45
Innervation of iliacus
Femoral nerve
46
Action of iliacus
flexion of the thigh
47
Origin of quadratus lumborum
Iliac crest, iliolumbar ligament, and transverse processes of lower lumbar vertebrae
48
Insertion of quadratus lumborum
Rib 12, transverse process of upper lumbar vertebrae
49
Innervation of quadratus lumborum
Subcostal and upper lumbar ventral primary rami
50
Action of the quadratus lumborum
Flexion of the trunk laterally, extend vertebral column, elevate the hip, stabilize 12th rib against inspiration
51
Origin of levator ani
Body of the pubis, obturator fascia, and ischial spine
52
Insertion of the levator ani
Coccyx
53
Innervation of levator ani
Nerve to the levator ani (S3, S4)
54
Action of levator ani
Forms muscular sling to support abdominopelvic viscera, hold pelvic viscera in position, assist with abdominopelvic cavity compression, utilized with coughing, sneezing, vomitting, etc
55
Origin of the coccygeus
Ischial spine
56
Insertion of the coccygeus
Inferior end of the sacrum & coccyx
57
Innervation of the coccygeus
Pudendal: Branches of S4 and S5 spinal nerves
58
Action of the coccygeus
Supports pelvic viscera, forms posterior part of diaphragm
59
Origin of the rectus femoris
AIIS, and rim of acetabulum (superior attachment, stays still)
60
Insertion of the rectus femoris
Tibial tuberosity via the patellar liagment (inferior attachment, moves)
61
Innervation of the rectus femoris
Femoral nerve
62
Action of the rectus femoris
Flex the hip and extend the knee
63
Origin of vastus intermedius
Anterior surface of the femur
64
Insertion of vastus intermedialis
Tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
65
Innervation of the vastus intermedius
Femoral nerve
66
Action of the vastus intermedius
Extend the knee
67
Origin of vastus lateralis
Lateral surface of the femur
68
Insertion of vastus lateralis
Tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
69
innervation of vastus lateralis
Femoral nerve
70
Action of vastus intermedialis
Extends the knee
71
Origin of vastus medialis
Medial surface of the femur and tendon of the adductor magnus
72
Insertion of vastus medialis
Tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
73
Innervation of vastus medialis
Femoral nerve
74
Action of vastus medialis
Extend the knee (control tracking of patella)
75
Origin of the sartorius (tailor's muscle)
ASIS
76
Insertion of the sartorius
Superior end of the medial surface of the tibia (pes anserine)
77
Innervation of sartorius
Femoral nerve
78
Action of sartorius
Flexes and lateral rotates thigh at hip joint, weak abductor of thigh and weak flexor of the leg
79
Origin of iliapsoas
Anterolateral aspect of vertebral bodies of the transverse processes of the vertebral body
80
Insertion of the iliapsoas
Iliapsoas tendon at lesser trochanter in the femur
81
Origin of the pectineus
Pectineal line of the superior ramus of the pubis
82
Insertion of the pectineus
Pectineal line of the femur
83
Innervation of the pectineus
Femoral and obturator nerve
84
Action of the pectineus
Flex and adduct thigh
85
Origin of gracilis
Inferior ramus of the pubis
86
Insertion of gracillis
Medial surface of tibia, inferior to the condyle
87
Innervation of gracilis
Obturator nerve
88
Action of gracilis
Adduct thigh, flex leg
89
Origin of adductor longus
Body of the pubis
90
Insertion of adductor longus
Distal 2/3 of the linea aspera
91
Innervation of adductor longus
Obturator nerve
92
Action of adductor longus
Adduct and flex thigh
93
Origin of adductor magnus
Tuberosity and ramus of the ischium
94
Insertion of adductor magnus
Linea aspera and adductor tubercle
95
Innervation of adductor magnus
Obturator nerve and tibial portion of the sciatic nerve
96
Action of adductor magnus
Adducts and flexes thigh, extends thigh
97
Origin of adductor brevis
Inferior ramus of the pubis
98
Insertion of adductor brevis
Femur
99
Innervation of adductor brevis
Obturator nerve
100
Action of adductor brevis
Adduct and flex thigh
101
Origin of gluteus maximus
(superior & medial attachment): ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament, coccyx
102
Insertion of gluteus maximus
(inferior & lateral attachment): gluteal tuberosity and IT band
103
Innervation of gluteus maximus
Inferior gluteal nerve
104
Action of gluteus maximus
Extends the thigh when running and climbing, sit to stand, laterally rotates hip
105
Origin of the piriformis
Superior attachment: pelvic surface of the sacrum
106
Insertion of the piriformis
Inferior attachment: greater trochanter
107
Innervation of the piriformis
Nerve to piriformis
108
Action of piriformis
Lateral rotation and extension of thigh
109
Origin of gluteus medius
Superior attachment: Ilium between iliac crest and superior gluteal line
110
Insertion of gluteus medius
Inferior attachment: greater trochanter
111
Innervation of the gluteus medius
Superior gluteal nerve
112
Action of gluteus medius
Abducts and medially rotates thigh
113
Origin of the obturator internus
Superior attachment: Obturator membrane
114
Insertion of obturator internus
Greater trochanter
115
Innervation of obturator internus
Nerve to obturator internus
116
Action of obturator internus
Laterally rotates and extends thigh
117
Origin of superior gemellus
Superior attachment: Ischial spine
118
Insertion of superior gemellus
Inferior attachment: greater trochanter
119
Innervation of superior gemellus
Nerve to obturator internus
120
Action of superior gemellus
Laterally rotates and extends thigh
121
Origin of inferior gemellus
Ischial tuberosity
122
Insertion of inferior gemellus
Greater trochanter
123
Innervation of inferior gemellus
Nerve to quadratus femoris
124
Action of inferior gemellus
Laterally rotates and extends thigh
125
Origin of quadratus femoris
Ischial tuberosity
126
Insertion of quadratus femoris
Intertrochanteric crest
127
Innervation of quadratus femoris
Nerve to quadratus femoris
128
Action of quadratus femoris
Laterally rotates and extends thigh
129
Origin of gluteus minimus
Ilium between superior and inferior gluteal lines
130
Insertion of gluteus minimus
Greater trochanter
131
Innervation of gluteus minimus
Superior gluteal nerve
132
Action of gluteus minimus
Abduct and medially rotate the thigh
133
Origin of obturator externus
Obturator membrane
134
Insertion of obturator externus
Trochanteric fossa
135
Innervation of obturator externus
Obturator nerve
136
Action of obturator externus
Adduct and laterally rotate the thigh
137
Origin of TFL
Iliac crest
138
Insertion of TFL
IT band
139
Innervation of TFL
superior gluteal nerve
140
Actions of TFL
Abducts and flexes thigh
141
Origin of bicep femoris (long head)
Ischial tuberosity
142
Origin of bicep femoris (short head)
Linea aspera
143
Insertion of bicep femoris
Head of the fibula
144
Innervation of bicep femoris (long head)
Tibial portion of sciatic nerve
145
Innervation of bicep femoris (short head)
Common peroneal portion of sciatic nerve
146
Action of bicep femoris
Extend thigh and flex leg (knee)
147
Origin of semitendinosus
Ischial tuberosity
148
Insertion of semitendinosus
Medial surface of tibia, inferior to the condyle
149
Innervation of semitendinosus
Tibial portion of sciatic nerve
150
Action of semitendinosus
Extend thigh, flex leg, and medially rotate leg
151
Origin of semimembranosus
Ischial tuberosity
152
Insertion of semimembranosus
Medial condyle of the tibia
153
Innervation of semimembranosus
Tibial portion of sciatic
154
Action of semimembranosus
Extend thigh, flex leg and medially rotate leg
155
Origin of tibialis anterior
Superior 2/3 lateral surface of the tibia
156
Insertion of tibialis anterior
Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal
157
Innervation of tibialis anterior
Deep peroneal nerve
158
Action of tibialis anterior
Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot
159
Origin of extensor digitorum longus
Superior 2/3 of the fibula
160
Insertion of extensor digitorum longus
Middle and distal phalanges of the lateral 4 toes (via extensor expansor hood)
161
Innervation of extensor digitorum longus
Deep peroneal nerve
162
Action of extensor digitorum longus
Dorsiflexion of the foot and extension of the toes
163
Origin of extensor hallicus longus
Middle 1/3 fibula
164
Insertion of extensor hallicus longus
Base of distal phalanx of hallux
165
Innervation of extensor hallicus longus
Deep peroneal
166
Action of extensor hallicus longus
Dorsiflexion of the foot and extension of the hallux
167
Origin of peroneus tertius
Distal end of the fibula
168
Insertion of peroneus tertius
Base of the 5th metatarsal
169
Innervation of peroneus tertius
Deep peroneal
170
Action of peroneus tertius
Dorsiflexion of the foot and eversion of the foot
171
Origin of extensor digitorum brevis
Calcaneus (anterior surface)
172
Insertion of extensor digitorum brevis
Long extensor tendons of digits 2-4 (distal attachment)
173
Innervation of extensor digitorum brevis
Deep peroneal
174
Action of extensor digitorum brevis
Extension of digits 2-4
175
Origin of extensor hallucis brevis
Calcaneus (anterior surface, medial to the extensor digitorum brevis)
176
Insertion of extensor hallucis brevis
Base of proximal phalanx of hallux
177
Innervation of extensor hallucis brevis
Deep peroneal
178
Action of extensor hallucis brevis
Extension of the big toe
179
Origin of peroneus longus
Superior 2/3 of the fibula
180
Insertion of peroneus longus
Base of the 1st metatarsal
181
Innervation of peroneus longus
Superficial peroneal
182
Action of peroneus longus
Eversion and plantarflexion of the foot
183
Origin of peroneus brevis
Distal end of the fibula
184
Insertion of peroneus brevis
Base of the 5th metatarsal
185
Innervation of peroneus brevis
superficial peroneal
186
Action of peroneus brevis
Eversion and plantarflexion of the foot
187
Origin of gastrocnemius
Lateral head from lateral condyle of femur (posterior surface of femur), medial head from medial condyle of femur
188
Insertion of gastrocnemius
Calcaneus (by the achilles tendon into the calcaneus)
189
Innervation of gastrocnemius
tibial nerve
190
Action of gastrocnemius
Plantarflexion of foot, flexion of leg (knee)
191
Origin of soleus
Posterior surface of fibula and tibia (around the soleal line)
192
Insertion of soleus
Calcaneus (by the achilles tendon)
193
Innervation of soleus
Tibial nerve
194
Action of the soleus
Plantarflexion of the foot
195
Origin of plantaris
lateral condyle of femur
196
Insertion of plantaris
Calcaneus or calcaneal tendon
197
Innervation of plantaris
Tibial nerve
198
Action of the plantaris
Plantarflexion of the foot, flexion of leg (does both weakly)
199
Origin of flexor digitorum longus
Posterior surface of the tibia
200
Insertion of the flexor digitorum longus
Distal phalanx of lateral 4 digits
201
Innervation of flexor digitrum longus
Tibial nerve
202
Action of flexor digitorum longus
Flexion of digits 2-5 and plantarflexion of the foot
203
Origin of flexor hallicus longus
Distal end of the fibula
204
Insertion of the flexor hallicus longus
Distal phalanx of the big toe
205
Innervation of flexor hallicus longus
Tibial nerve
206
Action of flexor hallicus longus
Flexion of hallux and plantarflexion of the foot
207
Origin of the tibialis posterior
Tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane
208
Insertion of tibialis posterior
Navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, and base of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsal
209
Innervation of tibialis posterior
Tibial nerve
210
Action of tibialis posterior
Inversion and plantarflexion of the foot
211
Origin of the popliteus
Posterior surface of the upper end of the tibia
212
Insertion of the popliteus
lateral condyle of the femur
213
Innervation of the popliteus
Tibial nerve
214
Action of the popliteus
Rotation of knee joint(main action), knee flexion (weak)
215
Origin of the abductor hallicus
Medial calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
216
Insertion of the abductor hallicus
Proximal phalanx of hallux
217
Innervation of the abductor hallicus
Medial plantar nerve
218
Action of the abductor hallicus
Abduct and flex hallux at MTP joint
219
Origin of flexor digitorum brevis
Medial calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
220
Insertion of the flexor digitorum brevis
Middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes
221
Innervation of flexor digitorum longus
Medial plantar nerve
222
Action of flexor digitorum longus
Flexes toes 2-5 at MTP and PIP joints
223
Origin of abductor digiti minimi
Lateral calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
224
Insertion of abductor digiti minimi
Proximal phalanx of 5th digit
225
Innervation of abductor digiti minimi
Lateral plantar nerve
226
Action of abductor digiti minimi
Abduct and flex little toe at MTP
227
Origin of flexor digitorum longus tendon
Tibia
228
Insertion of flexor digitorum longus tendon
Distal phalanx of lateral 4 digits
229
Innervation of flexor digitorum longus tendon
Tibial nerve
230
Action of flexor digitorum longus tendon
Flexion of digits 2-5 at MTP, PIP, and DIP joints
231
Origin of flexor hallicus longus tendon
Fibula
232
Insertion of flexor hallicus longus tendon
Distal phalanx of big toe
233
Innervation of flexor hallicus longus tendon
Tibial nerve
234
Action of flexor hallicus longus tendon
Flexion of hallux at MTP and IP joint
235
Origin of quadratus plantae
Plantar surface of calcaneus
236
Insertion of quadratus plantae
Tendon of the flexor digitorum longus
237
Innervation of quadratus plantae
lateral plantar nerve
238
Action of quadratus plantae
Redirect the line of pull of the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus
239
Origin of lumbrical
Medial borders of tendons of the FDL
240
Insertion of the lumbricals
Bases of proximal phalanx 2-5 and dorsal digital expansions
241
Innervation of lumbricals
Medial one by the medial plantar nerve, lateral 3 by the lateral plantar nerve
242
Action of lumbricals
Flexes the MTP and extends the PIP & DIP of the lateral 4 toes
243
Origin of flexor hallucis brevis
Plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneiform
244
Insertion of flexor hallicus brevis
Medial and lateral proximal phalanx of the big toe. (sesamoid in the tendons)
245
Innervation of flexor hallicus brevis
Medial plantar nerve
246
Action of flexor hallicus brevis
Flexes the great toe
247
Origin of the flexor digiti minimi
Base of the 5th metatarsal
248
Insertion of the flexor digiti minimi
Proximal phalanx of the 5th toe
249
Action of the flexor digiti minimi
Flex the little toe
250
Origin of the adductor hallucis (oblique head)
Base of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsals
251
Origin of adductor hallicus (transverse head)
Plantar ligaments of the lateral 4 MTP joints
252
Insertion of adductor hallicus
Lateral base proxiaml phalanx of hallux
253
Innervation of adductor hallicus
Lateral plantar nerve
254
Action of adductor hallucis
Addicts the great toe, assists in maintaining the transverse arch of the foot
255
Origin of the plantar interossei
Medial sides of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th metatarsals
256
Insertion of the plantar interossei
Medial sides of the proximal phalanges of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th digits and extensor expansions
257
Innervation of the plantar interossei
Lateral plantar nerve
258
Action of plantar interossei
Adduct to the line of the 2nd toe
259
Origin of dorsal interossei
Adjacent sides of the 2 metatarsals
260
Insertion of the dorsal interossei
```
#1 to medial side of the 2nd digit
#2 to lateral side of the 2nd digit
#3 to lateral side of the 3rd digit
#4 to lateral side of the 4th digit
```
261
Innervation of the dorsal interossei
Lateral plantar nerve
262
Action of the dorsal interossei
Abducts from line of the 2nd toe
263
Origin of serratus posterior superior
Ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of C7 through T3
264
Insertion of serratus posterior superior
2nd to 5th ribs
265
Innervation of serratus posterior superior
Ventral primary rami of 1st 3-4 thoracic nerves
266
Action of serratus posterior superior
Elevates the superior 4 ribs to increase the size of the thorax
267
Origin of the splenius capitis
Ligamentum nuchae and spinous of C7 to T3
268
Insertion of the splenius capitis
Mastoid process, and occipital bone
269
Innervation of the spenius capitis
Dorsal primary rami
270
Action of the splenius capitis
Rotate the head and neck to the same side; neck and head extension
271
Origin of splenius cervicis
Spinous processes of T3 to T6
272
Insertion of splenius cervicis
Transverse processes of C1 to C4
273
Innervation of splenius cervicis
Dorsal primary rami
274
Action of splenius cervicis
Rotate the head and neck to the same side; extend head and neck
275
Origin of spinalis
Spinous processes of T11-L2
276
Insertion of spinalis
Spinous process of the upper 4 -8 thoracic vertebrae
277
Action of spinalis
Extensors of the vertebral column
278
Action of semispinalis
Semispinalis capitis bilaterally extends the head, and unilaterally rotates the head to the same side
279
Innervation of the semispinalis
Dorsal rami of the cervical spinal nerves
280
Origin of multifidus
Vertebral arches
281
Insertion of multifidus
Spinous processes spanning 1 to 3 vertebrae
282
Action of the multifidus
Unilaterally: flexes the trunk laterally, rotates vertebra to the opposite side.
Bilaterally: Extends the trunk
283
Origin of rotatores
The transverse process of 1 vertebrae
284
Insertion of the rotatores
The base of the spinous process of the superior vertebrae
285
Innervation of the rotatores
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
286
Action of the rotatores
Rotation of the superior vertebrae to the other side
287
Origin of the internal abdominal oblique
Thoracolumbar fascia, anterior iliac crest, lateral half of inguinal ligament
288
Insertion of internal abdominal oblique
Linea alba, pubic crest, ribs 10-12 inferior surface
289
Innervation of internal abdominal oblique
Lower 5 thoracic nerves, subcostal, iliohypogastric
290
Action of internal abdominal oblique
Flex and rotate the trunk, laterally rotate the trunk, compress abdominal contents
291
Origin of rectus abdominis
Pubic symphysis, pubic crest
292
Insertion of rectus abdominis
Xiphoid process, 5th and 7th costal cartilages
293
Innervation of rectus abdominis
Lower 5 thoracic nerves, subcostal, iliohypogastric
294
Action of rectus abdominis
Flex the trunk and tense anterior abdominal wall
