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Pediatrics > Exam 1 - Infants > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Infants Flashcards

1
Q

Erikson

A

trust vs. mistrust

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2
Q

___ only exist in relation to something or someone

A

trust

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3
Q

Piaget (birth-24 months)

A

sensorimotor

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4
Q

how many sensorimotor substages? how many are r/t to infancy?

A

6 stages
4/6 stages

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5
Q

what are the 4 substages of sensorimotor?

A

use of reflexes (birth-24 months)
primary circular reactions (1-4 mos)
secondary circular reactions (4-8 mons)
coordination of secondary schemas and their application to new situations (8-12 months)

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6
Q

sensorimotor: use of reflexes (birth-24 months)

A

association between act + response

hungry > cries > bottle in mouth > sucks > becomes content and satisfied

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7
Q

sensorimotor: primary circular reflex (1-4 mos)

A

adapt their reaction to environment
recognize the stimulus that produces a response

associates nipple with sound of parents voice > stop crying after hearing their voice

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8
Q

sensorimotor: secondary circular reactions (4-8 mos)

A

intentional activities

shaking done to hear a noise

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9
Q

sensorimotor: secondary circular reactions (4-8 mos)
3 processes

A

imitation
play
affect

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10
Q

when does stranger anxiety begin

A

6-8 mos

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11
Q

sensorimotor: coordination of schemas and their applications to new situations (8-12 months)

A

new intellectual skills
increase motor skills
associates symptoms with events (“bye bye” with going to work)

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12
Q

object permanence (9-10 mos)

A

objects exist even when no longer visible

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13
Q

use of symbols or mental representation

A

can think of an object or situation if symbols are used without experiencing it

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14
Q

begins to cry, smile more

A

8-12 weeks

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15
Q

preference to mother is shown when

A

6 months

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16
Q

when does protesting when placed in crib, mother leaves the room begin

A

6 months

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17
Q

when does protesting before mother leaves the room begin

A

11-12 months

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18
Q

when does separation anxiety begin

A

4-8 mos

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19
Q

best approach to separation anxiety

A

talk softly
meet at eye level
avoid sudden intrusive gestures (holding arms out)

20
Q

play is ___ and ___

A

solitary; narcissistic

21
Q

social-affective play

A

play with parent

22
Q

sense-pleasure play

A

noises, bright lights

23
Q

skill play

A

repeat a skill over and over

dropping fork > parent picks up > repeat

24
Q

when does sensory motor skills begin

A

6 mo - 1 year

peak-a-boo, pat-a-cake, verbal repetition, imitation

25
Q

toys for birth-6 mos

A

mobiles
music boxes
stuffed animals
unbreakable mirror
small-handled rattle
swing

26
Q

toys for 6 mo-1 year

A

nested boxes or cups
large puzzles
jack-in-the-box
rattles of various sizes, colors
squeaky toys
teething toys
books with bright pictures

27
Q

when do lower teeth erupt

A

6-10 months

upper to follow

28
Q

s/sx of teething

A

drooling
increase finger sucking
biting on hard objects
irritable
trouble sleeping
refusal to eat

fever, V/D require further investigation

29
Q

teething pain relief

A

cool teething ring (do not freeze if filled with fluid)
topical anesthetic with benzocaine
acetaminophen

30
Q

dental care during infancy

A

clean mouth with a damp cloth

31
Q

is breastfeeding contraindicated for vaccines

A

no

32
Q

milk preference for the first 6 months

A

human

iron supplement needed beginning 4-6 mos

33
Q

when can infants have whole milk

A

1 year

34
Q

formula should not exceed __ oz

A

32

35
Q

when to begin solid foods and juice

A

4-6 mo

36
Q

when to begin honey

A

1 year

37
Q

what type of food is given first

A

iron-fortified cereal (iron)

cereal > strained fruits > veggies > meat

38
Q

how often to introduce new foods

A

intervals of 4-7 days

39
Q

when to discard paci

A

becomes sticky/gummy

40
Q

SAFE PAD

A

suffocation
animal bites
falls
electrical burns

poisoning
automobile safety
drowning

41
Q

leading cause of suffocation

A

latex balloons

42
Q

infancy sleeping positiong

A

back

43
Q

how long to leave child rear facing in car

A

2 years

44
Q

should you place a rear facing car seat in the front with an airbag on the passenger side

A

no

45
Q

hot water should be less than __ degrees

A

120

46
Q

when should organized swimming instruction begin

A

4 years

Pediatrics (12 decks)

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