Exam 1: Lecture 3 Flashcards
Three main causes of stroke are?
Thrombosis
Embolus
Hemorrhage
What is a thrombus?
60% of strokes. A clot that starts with atherosclerosis (formation of plague)
What is an embolism?
Dislodged thrombus, if breaks away can be fatal. Can travel up to heart or brain
Hemorrhage
Rupture of vessels
What is cerebral edema?
Swelling that can occur within hours, peaks at 4 days.
What does TIA stand for and definition?
Transient Ischemic attack. Mini stroke, symptoms subside in 24 hours. Often before heart attack.
Symptoms are anterior cerebral infarct are:
contralateral hemiparesis (opposite side weakness)
sensory loss
incontinence
left side neglect
Middle cerebral artery infarct
Mot common. Contralateral hemiplegia (UE) Sensory deficit UE and face left hemi= aphasia right hemi- neglect
Internal carotid artery infarct causes:
coma and death
A posterior cerebral artery infarct causes:
Upper or lower
Loss of field of vision in one eye
Tremors if thalamus and mid brain
Vertebrobasilar infarct in the basilar region can cause:
Occipital headache
coma
Locked in syndrome
visual loss
Brunnstrom synergy pattern for upper extremity flexion
scapular retraction, shoulder external rotation, shoulder abduction to 90, elbow flexion,, forearm supination, wrist + finger flexion
Brunnstrom synergy pattern for lower extremity extension:
hip extension, adduction and internal rotation, knee ext and plantar flexion plus inversion
What is aphasia?
Impairment of language
can be receptive, expressive, global
What is dysarthria
affected respiration, possible impaired chewing
When stroke affects left hemi, symptoms are:
sequencing, difficulty initating movement, hard to learn task
When stroke affects right hemi symptoms are:
difficulty in sustaining movement and posture
What are the two categories of shoulder subluxation?
Flaccid: relies on liagments to maintain joint. Poor scapulo-humeral rhythm
Hypertonic: depressed, retracted and downwardly rotated. Lack of motion
What is the reflex sympathetic disorder?
Disorder that causes pain, swelling and often burning feeling in extremities.
Symptons of RSD:
stiffness, contractures
warm, red glossy skin
blanched nails
Rehab separated into 3 categories:
Acute, Subacute, late phases
The acute phase of rehab involves?
short sessions
frequent contact
visual stim
auditory stim
The subacute phase of rehab involves?
agitated patient:
determine stim that is causing irritation
human contact
familiar voices
The late phase of rehab :
improvement but still may have problems with
coordination
speed or endurance
