Exam 1 lecture/powerpoint

Question 1

what is a theory?

Answer 1

organizing a set of facts into a comprehensive explanation of how something works

Question 2

hypotheses need to be ________

Answer 2

falsifiable

Question 3

we dont _____ theories, we _____ them

Answer 3

prove, disprove

Question 4

describe freud’s psychosexual theory

Answer 4

behavior is driven by unconscious impulses outside of our awareness

Question 5

who thinks sex and violence are all there is to life?

Answer 5

freud

Question 6

who invented talk therapy?

Answer 6

freud

Question 7

list criticisms of freud’s psychosexual theory

Answer 7

he did not study children, there is too much emphasis on infant sexuality, the unconscious cant be directly tested

Question 8

define erikson’s psychosocial theory

Answer 8

the social word, society, and culture shape development, and there are 8 stages

Question 9

criticisms of erikson’s psychosocial theory?

Answer 9

difficult to test, focuses on a primary task when there are many developmental tasks at any ages

Question 10

true or false: freud sets the stage for studying humans

Answer 10

true

Question 11

what is behaviorism?

Answer 11

the study of behavior that can be observed

Question 12

behaviorism is also known as the _______ theory

Answer 12

learning

Question 13

behaviorism include ______ conditioning and _____ conditioning

Answer 13

classical, operant

Question 14

define classical conditioning

Answer 14

learning in which person associates environmental stimuli with physiological responses

Question 15

classical conditioning involves ________ responses

Answer 15

automatic

Question 16

define operant conditioning

Answer 16

the consequences of our behavior influence our future behavior

Question 17

operant conditioning involves _________ responses

Answer 17

voluntary

Question 18

define reinforcement

Answer 18

behavior that is rewarded will likely happen again

Question 19

define punishment

Answer 19

behavior that is punished will be less likely to recur

Question 20

each cell contains how many matching pairs of chromosomes?

Answer 20

23

Question 21

adenine always pairs with ______

Answer 21

thymine

Question 22

cytosine always pairs with ________

Answer 22

guanine

Question 23

define genome

Answer 23

set of instructions to construct a living organism

Question 24

true or false: every species has a different genome

Answer 24

true

Question 25

sex cells reproduce through

Answer 25

meiosis

Question 26

in meiosis, cells split how many times?

Answer 26

twice

Question 27

define crossing over

Answer 27

chromosome pairs align, dna segments cross over, moving from one member of the pair to the other

Question 28

what happens after crossing over

Answer 28

cell divides into two cells, each with 46 chromosomes.

Question 29

what is a zygote?

Answer 29

fertilized egg with 23 pairs with half from father and half from mother

Question 30

half sperm are x, half are _

Answer 30

y

Question 31

all ova contain what?

Answer 31

one X choromosome

Question 32

define homozygous

Answer 32

alleles of the pair of chromosomes are alike

Question 33

define heterozygous

Answer 33

alleles of the pair of chromosomes are different

Question 34

people with ______ alleles express the dominant gene, but carry the _______ gene

Answer 34

heterozygous, recessive

Question 35

_____ genes are always expressed regardless of the gene they are paired with

Answer 35

dominant

Question 36

define incomplete dominance

Answer 36

genetic inheritance pattern in which both genes influence the characteristic