Exam 2 Flashcards
(50 cards)
What is the Rooting Reflex?
When an infant’s cheek is stroked, they turn their head in that direction and open their mouth.
Helps the infant find the nipple for feeding.
What is the Sucking Reflex?
Automatic sucking motion when something touches the infant’s lips.
Enables the infant to obtain nourishment.
What is the Moro Reflex?
In response to a sudden noise or movement, the infant throws their arms and legs out, arches their back, and then brings their arms back together.
May have been a survival response in evolutionary history; also indicates neurological health.
What is the Grasping Reflex?
When something is placed in the infant’s palm, they tightly grasp it.
Facilitates early physical interaction and may have aided in clinging to caregivers.
Define Gross Motor Skills.
Large muscle movements, such as walking.
Examples include rolling over, crawling, walking, jumping, climbing.
At what age do infants typically roll over?
Around 3-6 months.
At what age do infants typically sit without support?
Around 6-8 months.
At what age do infants typically stand/walk without support?
Around 10-15 months.
At what age do infants typically climb?
Around 18-24 months.
At what age do children typically jump?
Around 2-3 years.
At what age do children typically start running?
Around 2 years.
When is peak physical performance typically reached?
In the late teens and early twenties.
Define Fine Motor Skills.
Small muscle movements, such as grasping, manipulating objects, and drawing.
Examples include picking up small objects, buttoning clothes, drawing.
What is Palmer Grasp?
Using the whole hand to grasp an object.
What is Pincer Grip?
Using the thumb and forefinger to grasp small objects.
What is the Visual Preference Method?
Studying infant perception by observing how long they look at different stimuli.
Researchers use this method to understand what type of objects capture the attention of infants at different ages.
Define Habituation.
Decreased responsiveness to a repeated stimulus.
Define Dishabituation.
Recovery of a habituated response after a change in the stimulus.
What is a Looking Chamber?
A controlled environment used to present visual stimuli to infants and measure their looking behavior.
Used for studying infant visual perception.
What visual stimuli do young infants prefer?
Patterns, faces, and high-contrast stimuli.
Define Visual Acuity.
Clarity of vision.
What is Depth Perception?
The ability to perceive the world in three dimensions.
What is Dark Adaptation?
The eyes’ ability to adjust to low light conditions, which decreases with age.
What are Cataracts?
Clouding of the lens of the eye.
