exam 2 3600

Question 1

friction

Answer 1

force that resists the sliding of two objects in contact

Question 2

normal force

Answer 2

force that acts downward on one surface and upward on another

Question 3

static friction

Answer 3

exists when two contacting surfaces are not currently sliding relative to each other but do possess the potential for movement

Question 4

kinetic friction

Answer 4

friction in cases when the two surfaces are already sliding relative to each other

Question 5

rolling friction

Answer 5

exists when one surface is rolling over another but not sliding

Question 6

pressure

Answer 6

the magnitude of applied force acting over a given area

Question 7

stress

Answer 7

the external force acting to deform the material

Question 8

strain

Answer 8

the amount of stretch in proportion to its original length

Question 9

Modulus of Elasticity (Young’s Modulus)

Answer 9

relationship of stress and stress for a given material and type of deformation

Question 10

elastic region

Answer 10

the linear portion of any given stress/strain curve

Question 11

yield point

Answer 11

point at which the applied stress can lead to permanent deformation

Question 12

plastic region

Answer 12

non-linear response of the material after the yield point

Question 13

coefficient of restitution

Answer 13

ability of an object to return to its original shape after deformation

Question 14

viscoelastic

Answer 14

a material whose deformation is affected by both the rate of loading and the length of time that it is subjected to a constant load

Question 15

buoyant force

Answer 15

the vertical, upward-directed force acting upon an object that is submerged in a fluid

Question 16

Archimedes’ principle

Answer 16

a body submerged in a fluid will be buoyed up by a force that is equal in magnitude to the weight of the displaced fluid

Question 17

dynamic fluid force

Answer 17

acts upon a system that is moving through a fluid

Question 18

kinematics

Answer 18

the study of description of the spatial and temporal characteristics of motion without regard to causative forces

Question 19

linear motion

Answer 19

motion along an axis in which all points of the system move at the same time, in the same direction, and the same distance with respect to the defined reference frame despite their location on the system

Question 20

speed

Answer 20

scalar rate of motion

Question 21

velocity

Answer 21

the vector rate of motion; displacement over time

Question 22

peak rate of motion

Answer 22

maximum rate of motion achieved

Question 23

acceleration

Answer 23

change in magnitude and/or direction of the velocity vector with respect to time

Question 24

average acceleration

Answer 24

rate of change in velocity divided by the entire interval over which it changed

Question 25

kinetics

Answer 25

the study of the forces that inhibit, cause, facilitate, or modify the motion of a body

Question 26

momentum

Answer 26

a system's quantity of motion

Question 27

linear impulse

Answer 27

the product of applied force and the interval of force application

Question 28

work

Answer 28

performed when an object is displaced by the application of a force

Question 29

energy

Answer 29

the capacity to perform that work

Question 30

power

Answer 30

used to express the amount of mechanical work performed in a given interval

Question 31

potential energy

Answer 31

the capacity of an object to perform work because of its position, deformation, or configuration

Question 32

gravitational potential energy

Answer 32

potential energy that an object has because of its position relative to a reference surface

Question 33

elastic potential energy

Answer 33

potential energy stored in a deformed object (e.g. a spring)

Question 34

kinetic energy

Answer 34

objects in motion have the potential to perform work, this energy associated with motion is kinetic energy

Question 35

principle of work and energy

Answer 35

the work performed by externally applied forces other than gravity causes a change in energy of the object acted upon