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Gross 1 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

(102 cards)

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1
Q

What is unique about the nerve supply to trapezius?

A

Motor from CN XI (spinal accessory nerve)

Sensory from C4 and C5

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2
Q

How would you test cranial nerve XI?

A

Elevate shoulders against resistance (trapezius)

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3
Q

The dorsal scapular nerve supplies what 3 muscles?

A

Rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, levator scapula

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4
Q

What is the insertion of the rhomboid minor and rhomboid major?

A

Vertebral border of the scapula

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5
Q

What 2 muscle tendons contribute to the posterior border of the axilla?

A

Latissimus dorsi and teres major

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6
Q

What nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal (C6, C7, C8)

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7
Q

What are the borders of the triangle of auscultation?

A

Lat: vertebral border of scapula
Med: trapezius
Inf: latissimus dorsi

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8
Q

What is the clinical significance of the lumbar triangle?

A

A hernia of the posterior abdominal wall may develop here

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9
Q

How would one make the triangle of auscultation larger?

A 
Abduct scapula (cross arms in front of chest)
Don't confuse with the easy way to find it, which is arm behind back to make scapula protrude.
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10
Q

Name the origin of the serratus anterior?

A

Upper ribs

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11
Q

Which of the following is not a rotator cuff muscle?

Supraspinatus, teres major, teres minor, or subscapularis

A

Teres major; the rot cuff muscles are supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis.

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12
Q

What nerve is affected in crutch paralysis?

A

Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

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13
Q

Shoulder impingement syndrom results from irritation and inflammation of which muscle’s tendon?

A

Supraspinatus

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14
Q

Which muscle may be found fused to the teres minor?

A

Infraspinatus

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15
Q

Which muscle occupies the ventral surface of the scapula?

A

Subscapularis

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16
Q

What is the innervation to the teres major?

A

Lower Subscapular (C6)

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17
Q

Which is the more lateral: triangular space or quadrilateral space?

A

QuadriLATERAL is lateral

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18
Q

Which muscle separates the quadrilateral space from the triangular space?

A

Long head of the triceps brachii

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19
Q

Which ligament prevents displacement of the clavicle when carrying heavy objects?

A

Interclavicular

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20
Q

The costoclavicular ligament is extrinsic and acts like a ____.

A

Rope

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21
Q

What 2 structures form the AC joint?

A

Acromion process of the scapula and the acromial end of the clavicle.

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22
Q

Which AC joint ligament is divided into a conoid and trapezoid part?

A

Coracoclavicular

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23
Q

Which joint is involved in a shoulder separation?

A

Acromioclavicular joint

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24
Q

What is the glenoid labrum?

A

Fibrocartilage rim that helps deepen the glenoid cavity (gives the joint a better fit)

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25
What does the glenohumeral ligament prevent?
Prevents lateral rotation of humerus at the shoulder joint
26
Which ligament spans the intertubercular groove converting it into a canal?
Transverse humeral
27
Specifically, where does the humeral head end up in an anterior dislocation?
Infraclavicular fossa below the coracoid process
28
The palms us position is also called?
Supination (like you're holding a bowl of soup)
29
What 3 joints can the biceps bracii act on?
Shoulder, elbow, superior radioulnar
30
What condition is associated with a 'popeye deformity'?
Rupture of the long head of the biceps brachii
31
What is the bicipital reflex testing? (Segmentally)
C5, C6
32
The musculocutaneous nerve pierces which muscle?
Coracobrachialis
33
What is the insertion of the brachialis?
Coronoid process of the ulna
34
What 2 muscles are considered posterior arm muscles?
Triceps brachii, anconeus
35
Which head of the triceps brachii is always working?
Medial head
36
The axillary artery continues as the ____ artery and divides into which 2 terminal branches?
Brachial; ulnar and radial arteries
37
Which vein comes off the lateral aspect of the dorsal venous arch?
Cephalic (don't forget anatomical position is supinated)
38
Which vein terminates and drains into the axillary vein: cephalic or basilic?
Cephalic (watch his wording, cephalic drains into axillary whereas basilic helps form axillary)
39
Which muscle forms the lateral border of the cubital fossa?
Brachioradialis
40
Which vein is found within the cubital fossa?
Median cubital vein
41
The elbow joint is what type of joint classification?
Ginglymus or hinge
42
Which ligament of the elbow joint acts like a wall?
Annular ligament, keeps head of radius in place
43
What are the normal carrying angles for a male and a female?
Male: 5-10º Female: 15º Any more is considered cubitus valgus
44
What is the function of the interosseous ligament and the oblique cord?
Limit over-supination
45
In the event of a slipped elbow, how will the patient hold their arm?
Flexed and pronated
46
Which bone is more medial: radius or ulna?
Ulna (closer to U)
47
What does the ulna articulate with distally?
Radius and the articular disc of the wrist
48
Which type of fracture is associated with a 'dinner fork deformity'?
Colles Fracture
49
Which type of fracture has the distal fragment displaced posteriorly?
Colles Fracture
50
Which type of fracture results from falling on the back of the hand?
Smith's fracture
51
Which fracture type is common in women over the age of 50?
Colles Fracture
52
Which fracture type is common in women over the age of 50?
Colles Fracture
53
Which metacarpal is the longest?
2nd metacarpal
54
What are the 2 functions of sesamoid bones?
1. Protect and stabilize tendons | 2. Change angle of tendons as they pass to their insertion (increase leverage)
55
What are the 2 functions of sesamoid bones?
1. Protect and stabilize tendons | 2. Change angle of tendons as they pass to their insertion (increase leverage)
56
What is the most commonly fractured carpal bone: hamate, pisiform, scaphoid, or lunate?
Scaphoid
57
Which nerve is likely to be damaged if the hamate is fractured?
Ulnar Nerve
58
What is a boxer's fracture?
5th metacarpal fracture when someone punches another with a closed fish
59
What is a boxer's fracture?
5th metacarpal fracture when someone punches another with a closed fist
60
What is a boxer's fracture?
5th metacarpal fracture when someone punches another with a closed fist
61
Which muscle forms the medial border of the cubital fossa?
Pronator teres
62
What is the origin of the flexor carpi radialis?
Medial epicondyle of the humerus
63
Weakness of which muscle would lead to ulnar deviation?
Flexor carpi radialis
64
The palmaris longus is missing in what percent of the population?
15%
65
The palmaris longus is missing in what percent of the population?
15%
66
What is the innervation to the flexor carpi ulnaris?
Ulnar nerve
67
What is the insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
Middle phalanges of digits 2-5
68
What is the innervation to the flexor digitorum profundus?
Median and Ulnar Nerves
69
What is the origin to the flexor pollicus longus?
Shaft of the radius
70
What is the flat, quadrilateral-shaped muscle found at the anterior, distal end of the forearm?
Pronator Quadratus
71
The median nerve can commonly be compressed in which two areas?
1. Between the heads of the pronator teres (Pronator Teres Syndrome) 2. Distal end of the forearm (Carpal Tunnel Syndrome)
72
Claw hand is associated with a damaged ___ nerve whereas ape hand is associated with a damaged ___ nerve.
Claw hand=Ulnar | Ape hand=Median
73
Guyon Tunnel Syndrome would have loss of sensation with which digits?
Digit 5 and medial half of digit 4
74
When the forearm is extended and pronated, the ____ muscle can act as a supinator.
Brachioradialis (can also act as a pronator when the forearm is flexed and supinated)
75
What is the insertion of extensor digiti minimi?
Proximal phalanx of digit 5
76
What is the insertion of extensor digiti minimi?
Proximal phalanx of digit 5
77
What is the painful condition of the elbow resulting from repetitive use of the superficial posterior forearm muscles?
Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis)
78
What is the most lateral border of the anatomical snuffbox?
Tendon of abductor pollicis longus
79
What 3 bones form the floor of the anatomical snuffbox?
Scaphoid Trapezium Styloid process of the radius
80
A branch of which artery is found within the snuffbox?
Radial Artery
81
Inflammation of the tendons of abductor pollicis longus and the extensor pollicis brevis causing pain at the lateral side of their wrist is what condition?
DeQuervain's Disease | Tenosynovitis Stenosans
82
What is the action of the extensor indicis?
Extends digit 2
83
Wrist drop is associated with damage to which nerve?
Radial
84
Which is the medial branch of the brachial artery: Median, radial, ulnar?
Ulnar
85
The opening in the superior part of the interosseous membrane transmits which vessel?
Posterior Interosseous blood vessel
86
The opening in the superior part of the interosseous membrane transmits which vessel?
Posterior Interosseous blood vessel
87
The radial collateral ligament limits which movement at the wrist joint?
Adduction
88
What 2 structures of importance pass superficially to the flexor retinaculum?
Palmaris Longus tendon | Cutaneous branches of the Ulnar Nerve
89
What 2 structures of importance pass superficially to the flexor retinaculum?
Palmaris Longus tendon | Cutaneous branches of the Ulnar Nerve
90
Which test for carpal tunnel syndrome involves tapping over the anterior aspect of the wrist to recreate the pins and needles sensation?
Tinel's Sign | Phalen's is the flex to max and hold for several minutes to recreate symptoms
91
What is Dupuytren's Contracture?
Mildly painful nodules of the fascia near the base of the 4th and 5th digits causing contracture and flexion at the respective MP joints
92
What is Dupuytren's Contracture?
Mildly painful nodules of the fascia near the base of the 4th and 5th digits causing contracture and flexion at the respective MP joints
93
What is the origin of the abductor pollicis brevis?
Trapezium and Scaphoid
94
What is the action of opponens pollicis?
Medially rotates the 1st metacarpal
95
Which thenar muscle is dually innervated?
Flexor pollicis brevis; median and ulnar nerve
96
What is the innervation of the adductor pollicis?
Ulnar nerve** (due to the medial position of muscle's origin)
97
What is the innervation of the adductor pollicis?
Ulnar nerve** (due to the medial position of muscle's origin)
98
What is the insertion of the flexor digiti minimi?
Proximal phalanx of digit five
99
Which hypothenar muscle is often found fused to the flexor digiti minimi?
Opponens digiti minimi
100
Which hypothenar muscle is often found fused to the flexor digiti minimi?
Opponens digiti minimi
101
The intercarpal joints are what classification of joint?
Plane gliding
102
What injury would likely happen if the MP joint of digit one was hyperabducted resulting in rupture or laxity of the collateral ligament?
Skier's Thumb (or Gamekeeper's Thumb)

Gross 1 (4 decks)

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