Exam 2

Question 1

% total body water in adults

Answer 1

60

Question 2

% total body water in neonates

Answer 2

80

Question 3

% ICF; where is it found

Answer 3

40; cells

Question 4

% ECF; where is it found

Answer 4

15; intravascular, interstitial, etc.

Question 5

% plasma in ECF

Answer 5

5

Question 6

% blood in ECF

Answer 6

9

Question 7

ratio of intravascular : interstitial : intracellular

Answer 7

1:3:8

Question 8

hydrostatic pressure

Answer 8

force of blood against wall of capillaries, fluid OUT

Question 9

oncotic “colloidal” pressure

Answer 9

force of proteins, fluid IN, “magnet” for water

Question 10

osmotic pressure

Answer 10

created by IVF (solutes dissolved in water)

Question 11

osmolarity

Answer 11

[solute] / solvent volume

Question 12

effective osmolarity

Answer 12

permeable

Question 13

ineffective osmolarity

Answer 13

impermeable

Question 14

tonicity

Answer 14

[solute] in solution relative to plasma, measure of osmotic pressure gradient

Question 15

most common extracellular cation

Answer 15

Na+

Question 16

most common extracellular anions

Answer 16

Cl- & HCO3-

Question 17

most common intracellular cation

Answer 17

K+

Question 18

most common intracellular anion

Answer 18

PO4-

Question 19

fluid equilibrium describes that

Answer 19

water moves from low osmotic pressure to high osmotic pressure

Question 20

hypotonic

Answer 20

low osmotic pressure, “swell”

Question 21

hypotonic uses

Answer 21

intracellular: dehydrated, maintenance

Question 22

hypotonic examples

Answer 22

0.45% NaCl, 2.5% Dextrose, D5W, D5 1/2 NS

Question 23

hypertonic uses

Answer 23

intravascular: resuscitation

Question 24

isotonic

Answer 24

osmotic pressure in = osmotic pressure out

Question 25

hypertonic examples

Answer 25

7. 2% NaCl 7. 5% NaCl 0. 9% NaCl + D5W

Question 26

maintenance fluids area of effect

Answer 26

intracellular

Question 27

replacement fluids area of effect

Answer 27

intravascular & interstitial

Question 28

isotonic examples

Answer 28

``` 0.9% NaCl (normal saline) LRS Normosol-R Plasmalyte-A Plasmalyte-148 *D5W ```

Question 29

natural colloid examples

Answer 29

whole blood, RBC, plasma

Question 30

synthetic colloid examples

Answer 30

VetStarch, HetaStarch, Dextrans, Oxyglobin

Question 31

synthetic colloid examples

Answer 31

VetStarch, HetaStarch, Dextrans, Oxyglobin

Question 32

flow rate always given in

Answer 32

ggt/min

Question 33

drop factor/calibration always given in

Answer 33

ggt/mL

Question 34

Rate =

Answer 34

Volume / Time | Volume * Drop Factor / Time

Question 35

patients >10kg get what drop factor

Answer 35

10-15 ggt/mL

Question 36

patients <5-10kg get what drop factor

Answer 36

60 ggt/mL

Question 37

Time =

Answer 37

Volume * Drop Factor / Rate

Question 38

Volume =

Answer 38

Rate * Time / Drop Factor

Question 39

Normal Saline has what concentration Na+

Answer 39

154 mEq/L