Exam 2 Flashcards
(199 cards)
1
Q
Clavicle?
A
Medial 2/3 is convex anteriorly and lateral 1/3 is concave anteriorly
2
Q
What is cleidocranial dysostosis?
A
Bones of skull & defects on ossification. Bone might be missing as well
3
Q
Fractures of the surgical neck?
A
Injury to the axillary nerve.
Abduction of the arm with innervation of deltoid.
4
Q
Fractures of the middle of the shaft?
A
May cause injury to the radial nerve
WRIST DROP
5
Q
Fractures of the distal end of humerus?
A
Injury to the median nerve
6
Q
Fractures to the medial epicondyle?
A
Injury to the ulnar nerve.
FUNNY BONE
7
Q
When does traumatic separation of the proximal epiphysis usually occur?
A
18-20 years. Also in younger children since the capsule is stronger.
8
Q
All muscles of the back of the arm are innervated by?
A
Radial n.
9
Q
Damage to ulnar nerve leads to?
A
Claw hand
10
Q
Colle’s fracture?
A
Fracture of the distal end of the radius, posterior displacement. Falling on hand with extended arm (eg. falling on ice). May be accompanied by avulsion of ulnar styloid process.
11
Q
Carpal bones?
A
2 rows. Each row 4 bones. Sesamoid bones
Order of carpal bones
1) Some Lovers Try Positions
2) That They Can’t Handle
12
Q
Which bones does the proximal row of the carpal bones contain?
A
Scaphoid (largest in this row), lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
13
Q
Which bones does the distal row of the carpal bones contain?
A
Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate (biggest in 2nd row), hamate, hamulus (hook of hamate)
14
Q
Which is the most fractured bone among the carpal bones?
A
Scaphoid bone
15
Q
Which is the 2nd most fractured bone among the carpal bones?
A
Triquetrum
16
Q
Which is the most dislocated carpal bone?
A
Lunate bone
17
Q
What is the carpal tunnel?
A
The 2 rows of the carpal bones produce the carpal groove which is concave anteriorly
18
Q
What is the flexor retinaculum?
A
Is a double layer of membrane covering the carpal groove anteriorly and produces the carpal tunnel for transmission of flexor muscles and median nerve
19
Q
What are the points of insertion of flexor retinaculum?
A
Tubercle of scaphoid, pisiform, tubercle of trapezium and hook of hamate
20
Q
What is carpal tunnel syndrome?
A
Compression to the median nerve in the tunnel due to hypothyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy (more water retention compresses nerve), Amyloidosis etc.
It’s a very painful condition.
21
Q
Congenital tissue becomes bigger.
A
Macroglossom (big tongue)
22
Q
What are the borders of the axillary region?
A
Pectoralis major, latis dorsi, ribs and intercostal muscles, humerus and coracobrachialis
23
Q
Where can you find the phrenic nerve?
A
Anterior aspect of scalene muscle (C2, C3, C4, C5)
24
Q
Subclavian artery leads to?
A
Axillary artery -> turns to brachial artery
25
Sephalic vein?
Laterally located
26
Basilic vein?
Medially located
27
Pathology of rotator cuff muscles
tendinopathy of supraspinatus (baseball), CALCIFICATION, pain, tendon rupture >40 years and in younger people, avulsion of greater tubercle
28
Rotator cuff muscles?
SITS
29
What is the function of the rotator cuff muscles?
help to maintain the stability of the shoulder joint
30
Which are the cranial muscles inserted on the shoulder girdle?
trapezius m. and sternocleidomastoid m.
31
Brachial artery
clinical significance: pulse, bp
32
Radial injury leads to?
Wrist drop
33
Deep radial n. vs superficial radial n.
Deep: innervates most of back of forearm
Superficial: dorsum of hand
34
Retroversion is to?
Flexion
35
Antroversion is to?
Extension
36
Erb-Duchenne paralysis (C5-C6) (upper plexus and mononeuropathies)
Traction on the arm at birth or falling on the shoulder may damage the upper part of the plexus (roots may be pulled out of spinal cord)
Signs: deltoid and supraspinatus are paralyzed (no arm abduction)
Infraspinatus paralysis leads to medial rotation of the arm.
Biceps and brachialis are also paralyzed (no elbow flexion)
Loss of biceps and supinator (weak supination)
Adductors of shoulder are mildly affected (pectoralis major and lat dorsi)
**breach position coming by hand or buttocks position. C5-C6 may be actually injured
Knee jerk
37
L3-L4
tap on patellar ligament for patellar reflex
38
Hyperflexia
Exaggeration of reflex. Upper motor neuron damage
39
Hypoflexia
Lower motor neuron damage. No reflex
40
Upper motor neuron
Coming from the brain
41
Lower motor neuron
Coming from the spinal cord
42
Tip taking hand
Medial rotation of arm
43
Lower brachial plexus lesion
Not as common as upper plexus injuries. Paralysis of the intrinsic muscle of hand (small muscles) with anesthesia. Results from sudden upward pull of the shoulder
(C8-T1)
44
Klumpke's paralysis (C8-T1)
Injury to C8-T1 roots following forced abduction of the shoulder.
Signs: Atrophic paralysis of the forearm and small muscles of the hand (CLAW HAND) and often a sympathetic palsy: eg. a Horner's syndrome*
45
Ulnar n. injury
C8-T1 leads to claw hand.
Hyperextension metacarpalphalangeal joint. Flexion of interphalangeal joints
46
Damage to axillary n.
Supplies deltoid and teres minor
47
Pronator syndrome
Median n. compressed by muscle (in body builders)
48
Axillary injury
Abduction of the arm
49
Median n. injury
Papal benediction sign:
Proximal, flexor
Ape hand:
Distal and proximal. Thenar eminence will be flatten (hypothenar). (area of thumb) Fibrosis builds up
50
Golfer's elbow
Medial epicondyle for flexors
| Periosteal irritation, pain
51
Tennis elbow
Lateral epicondyle for extensors
| Periosteal irritation, pain
52
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Compression to the median nerve in the tunnel due to hypothyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy, amyloidosis, etc. Very painful condition
53
What innervates most of the hand?
Ulnar n.
54
Palmar aponeurosis
Dupuytren's contracture:
progressive fibrosis, hardening/thickening and shortening of the aponeurosis leads to partial flexion of the ring and small finger
Palmaris brevis:
In hypothenar eminence connect the skin of ulnar border to palmar aponeurosis and flexor retinaculum
Innevation: ulnar n.
55
Damage to radial n.
Injury proximal to the origin of triceps
No extension of elbow (elbow is flexed)
No triceps reflex
**Wrist drop (all extensor muscles and the supinator are paralyzed), thumb is flexed and adducted
**Sensory loss: dorsolateral brachial region, posterior surface of forearm, dorsum of the hand and radial side of proximal phalanges
56
Damage to radial n.
Injury to the nerve in radial groove
In fractures of humerus. Triceps muscle is usually functioning
WRIST DROP and sensory loss in dorsolateral aspect of the forearm and hand, plus all other problems mentioned above
57
Nerve injury in forearm (distal)
Deep radial n. is injured (wrist drop). Extension of the thumb and metacarpal joint is disturbed. Sensation is usually preserved
58
Radial n. injury
Saturday night palsy
honeymoon palsy
wrist drop
59
Median n. injury above the elbow
1. all flexors of the wrist are paralyzed except:
flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar part of flexor digitorum profundus
2. thumb flexors and abductor paralyzed but not adductor (ulnar n.)(ape hand)
3. flexion at metacarpophalangeal joints possible
4. 1st and 2nd lumbricals lost function and all together inability to fully flex index and middle finger
60
Hand of papal benediction
pronation of forearm paralyzed and sensory loss over median n. area
61
Injury at wrist joint
(suicide or injury e.g hand out of car's window)
Short muscles of the thumb paralyzed, not adductor. Thenar muscles atrophy (flattened, ape hand)
Flexor pollicis longus functioning
Sensory loss over median n. area
62
Ulnar n. injury at wrist
1. fingers are hyperextended at metacarpophalngeal joints and flexed at interphalangeal joints (claw hand)
2. tendon of flexor digitorum paralyzed, therefore flexion of the ring and little finger is not possible at distal phalangeal
3. abduction and adduction of the fingers are impared
4. sensory loss over ulnar innervating area
63
Ulnar n. injury at elbow
1. paralysis of flexor carpi ulnaris and medial portion of flexor digitorum profundus
2. ulnar deviation of the wrist is weakened, hand is abducted and extended
64
brachial artery occlusion/ laceration leads to?
deep flexor paralysis
65
Volkmann's ischemic contracture
Lack of blood flow to the forearm. Claw like hand
66
What does the axillary vein become?
subclavian vein
67
Lymph nodes of the axillary region
Breast cancer may give metastasis to the axillary lymph node (75% of breast's lymphatic drain here) removal of lymph nodes may be necessary.
Mesectomy: removal of the breast
68
What happens to oncotic pressure in lymphatic system
oncotic pressure increases when trying to remove material from extracellular space.
Done immediately to prevent edema
69
What are the contents of the medial bicipital groove?
median n., brachial artery/vein, basilic vein, medial cutaneous antebrachial n. and ulnar n.
70
What are the contents of the cubital fossa?
Basilic v, antebrachial basilic v, cephalic v, median cubital v, medial antevrachial n, lateral antebrachial cutaneous n
71
What are the borders of the snuffbox?
tendon of extensor pollicis longus
tendon of extensor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis longus
72
What are the contents of the snuffbox?
radial artery and superficial radial n.
73
Hinge joints
Monoaxial with one degree of freedom since joint movement is restricted by the two collateral ligaments around the joint. Bony ledge fits into groove of another one. Convex and concave surfaces.
Movements include flexion and extension
Ex. interphalangeal or ankle joints. Knee joint
74
Pivot joints
Monoaxial and have one degree of freedom. Convex and concave surfaces.
Movements include supination and pronation.
Ex. proximal and distal radioulnar joints.
75
Plane joints
Between two flat or slightly articular surfaces.
Make gliding movements possible.
Ex. intervertebral joints, zygoapophyseal joints
76
Ellipsoidal joints
Multiaxial and have two degrees of freedom. Concave and convex elliptical shaped surfaces.
Movements include flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction (combination movement)
Ex. radiocarpal joints, wrist joint
(2 principal axis + combination movement)
77
Saddle (sellar) joints
Multiaxial and have two degrees of freedom. Concave and convex saddle shaped surfaces.
Movements includes flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction (combination movement).
Ex. carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
(2 principal axes)
78
Ball-and-socket joints
Multiaxial with 3 degrees of freedom. Convex, ball-like surface and a concave, socket-like surface.
Movements include flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral roation, and circumduction.
Ex. hip joint, metacarpalphalangeal joint, and shoulder joint
79
Fontanels
Unossified remnants of the membranes in newborns. Major fontanels are: anterior (ossified within 18-36 months), posterior, mastoid and sphenoid which are ossified within 6 month or more.
80
Which CN innervates mastication muscles?
CN V (5)
81
All intrinsic muscles of the tongue are innervated by?
CN V and VII (5&7)
82
Skin innervation is by?
CN V
83
Anterior Cranial Fossa:
Foramen cecum?
Emissary vein(1% of population)
84
Anterior Cranial Fossa:
Foramina in cribriform plate?
Axons of olfactory cells
85
Anterior Cranial Fossa:
Anterior/posterior ethmoidal foramina
Vessels and nerves with same names
86
Middle Cranial Fossa:
Optic canals
Optic nerves (CN II) and ophthalmic arteries
87
Middle Cranial Fossa:
Superior orbital fissures
Ophthalmic veins, ophthalmic nerve (CN V branch 1), CN III, IV, and VI, and sympathetic fibers
88
Middle Cranial Fossa:
Foramen rotundum
Maxillary nerve (CN V2)
89
Middle Cranial Fossa:
Foramen ovale
Mandibular nerve (CN V3) and accessory meningeal artery
90
Middle Cranial Fossa:
Foramen spinosum
Middle meningeal artery and vein and meningeal branch of CN V3
91
Middle Cranial Fossa:
Foramen lacerum
Internal carotid artery and its accompanying sympathetic and venous plexuses.
(Pass across rather than through)
92
Middle Cranial Fossa:
Groove or hiatus of greater petrosal nerve
Greater petrosal nerve and petrosal branch of middle meningeal artery
93
Posterior Cranial Fossa:
Foramen magnum
Medulla and meninges, vertebral arteries, spinal roots of CN XI, dural veins, anterior and posterior spinal arteries
(Transmits the spinal cord, vertebral arteries, accessory nerve, and spinal vessels, flanked by occipital condyles)
94
Posterior Cranial Fossa:
Jugular foramen
CNs IX, X, and XI, superior bulb of internal jugular vein, inferior petrosal and sigmoid sinuses, and meningeal branches of ascending pharyngeal and occipital arteries
95
Posterior Cranial Fossa:
Hypoglossal canal
Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
96
Posterior Cranial Fossa:
Condylar canal
Emissary vein that passes from sigmoid sinus to vertebral veins in neck
97
Posterior Cranial Fossa:
Mastoid foramen
Mastoid emissary vein from sigmoid sinus and meningeal branch of occipital artery
98
What are the four groups of mimetic muscles?
Muscles of the scalp, region of eyelid, nasal region, and the mouth region
99
Which cranial nerve innervates all the mimetic muscles?
CN 7
100
Which are the muscles of the scalp?
Epicranius muscle (occipitofrontalis) and temporoparitelis muslce
101
What is the function of the epicranius muscle?
Produces wrinkles in forehead and gives facial expression of astonishment
Innervation: CN VII (facial nerve)
102
Which are the muscles of the eyelid region?
Orbicularis oculi muscle and corrugator supercilli
103
All muscles of mastication are innervated by?
CNV/3, mandibular nerve.
104
What are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve (5)?
1-ophthalmic
2- maxillary
3- mandibular
105
Which are the muscles of mastication?
Masseter, temporalis, lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid
106
The blood supply to the face is mostly by?
External carotid and partly by internal carotid
107
Where does the facial artery come from?
From external carotid, passes in anastomose with dorsal nasal artery, coming from ophthalmis artery
108
What is the forehead supplied by?
Supratrochlear artery and supraorbital artery, both from ophthalmic arthery
109
What does the facial vein anastomoses via?
Via angular vein with dorsal nasal vein.
* *This anastomoses is extremely important since this allows a direct connection to CAVERNOUS SINUS, through which infection may enter.
eg. from a furnucle on the lip, may get into skull or cause ophthalmosblasia
110
Sensory innervation to the face is derived from the branches of?
Trigeminal n. (V): Ophthalmic (V/1), Maxillary (V/2), Mandibular (V/3).
111
Ophthalmis nerve supplies?
Ophthalmic supplies the forehead: supratrochlear n and supraorbital.
112
Maxillary nerve supplies?
Supplies lower eyelid, cheek, lateral nasal, upper lip and anterior temporal regions by infraorbital n.
113
Mandibular nerve supplies?
Lower lip over mandible (not angle) and chin by mental nerve. Auriculotemporal nerve supplies skin on mandible ramus, concha of auricle and most part of external layer of tympanic membrane
114
How can you test sensitivity of the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve?
By pressing nerves. This is a vertical line, 2-3 cm lateral to midline
115
What is trigeminal neuralgia?
A disorder of unknown cause associated with intractable pain along the 3 branches of CNV but especially along maxillary and mandibular n. A simple trigger such as touch, cold, or hot can start the pain.
Extreme pain to remote area of head. Cutting/destroying nerve to get rid of pain
116
Which is the only cutaneous muscle in the human body?
Platysma
117
Congenital torticllis (Wry neck)
Most common type of torticollis. Fibromatosis (fibrous tissue tumor) of sternoclidomastoid m. Head turns to the side and face away from affected side.
Leads to stiffness of the neck due to fibrosis and shortening of the sternocleidomastoid. Injury during delivery may also result in torticollis. (Muscle tear and hematoma leads to fibrosis).
Therapy: division of the muscle below CNXI or from its distal attachment
118
Spasmodic torticollis (Wry neck)
```
Cranial dystonia (abnormal tonicity)
Between 20-60 years of age. Unknown cause. May involve bilateral neck muscles especially the sternocleidomastoid m. Unilateral deviation of the head (turning, tilting, flexion, or extension in the body.
Therapy: myotomy or also section of the spinal Accessory n. and upper cervical anterior roots
```
119
Which are the infrahyoid muscles?
Omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid, and thyrohyoid.
| Most innervated by cervical ansa (C1-C3)
120
What are all laryngeal muscles innervated by?
CNX (10)
121
Which are the suprahyoid muscles?
Digastric, stylohyoid, myelohyoid, and geniohyoid m.
122
What are each of the 6 brachial arches during embryonic life innervated by?
```
brachial arch 1: CN 5
brachial arch 2: CN 7
brachial arch 3: CN 3
brachial arch 4 & 6: CN 10
brachial arch 5: degenerates in humans. Regresses**
```
123
What's important about the internal jugular vein puncture?
It gets closer to the heart
124
Which are the most important muscles for quiet inspiration?
Scalene muscles
125
What passes through the scalene opening?***
Brachial plexus and subclavian artery pass through***
126
Occipital (omotrapezoid) triangle
Floor: splenius capitis, levator scapulae, post. scalene and middle scalene
Contents: Cervical plexus****
Accessory nerve comes from behind the sternocleidomastoid m.
Divides the supraclavicular region to a CARE FREE AND CAREFUL ZONE. Superficial cervical artery and anterior scalene m.
127
Scalene gap
Formed beteen scalene anterior & middle and 1st rib, which run the brachial plexus and subclavian artery
128
Which is the body's largest endocrine gland?
Thyroid gland
129
Thyroid gland
At C5-T1 level. It has a capsule and externally covered by a sheath. Consists of an isthmus, which unites the lobes. A right lobe and a left lobe.
Pyramidal lobe: a remnant of thyroglossal duct may persist in the middle part of thyroid (50%) Ectopid thyroid***^
Function: produces thyroxin which controls the rate of metabolism of the body, and calcitonin controlling Ca++ metabolism
Blood supply: superior and inferior thyroidal artery
130
Choking/infections in thyroid gland
Pull down/push up/ cut thyroid.
Superior Trachotomy: cut through 1st and 2nd
Inferior Trachotomy: cut through 3rd, 4th, or 5th
If gone wrong and cut through anterior thyroid vein, brachiocephalic v. or laryngeal n. it could lead to horness in voice. May cut esophagus***
Conitomy: cut through cartilage
131
Goiter
Enlargement of thyroid gland (nonneoplastic and noninflammatory). Usually not upward shift. Endemic in areas deficient in iodine in food. Swelling in the neck which may disturb trachea, esophagus, and/or laryngeal nerves. Exophthalmic goiter is due to excessive production of thyroxin**
132
Thyroidectomy
Removal of thyroid due to cancer. Subtotal due to preservation of parathyroid glands and recurrent as well as superior laryngeal nerves. Inadvertent removal of parathyroid glands leaf to tetany, severe convulsion and muscle spasm due to decrease in serum Ca++ and may lead to immediate respiratory failure****
133
What is the function of parathyroid glands?
Produce parahormon, controlling the metabolism of P and Ca++
134
How many types of joints are there?
2
| Continuous joints or discontinuous (synovial) joints
135
What may a bursa do in between joints?
May prevent friction
136
Unhappy triad
Rupture of ACL, medial meniscus, and MCL
137
Where does the axillary artery drain from?
Subclavian artery
138
Where does the axillary vein drain into?
Subclavian vein
139
Where does the brachial plexus originate from?
C5-T1 roots
140
Anterior aspect of forearm is mostly innervated by?
Median n.
141
Posterior aspect of arm is mostly innervated by?
Radial n.
142
Anterior upper aspect of the arm is mostly innervated by?
Musculocutaneous n.
143
Abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, and opponens digiti minimi are all innervated by?
Ulnar n.
144
Lumbricals are innervated by?
Two lateral by median n. and two medial by ulnar n.
145
Erb-Duchenne
Traction of the arm at birth
146
Upper brachial plexus lesion
Erb-Duchenne or trauma to shoulder. No arm abduction, impaired elbow flexion, and there's medial rotation of arm
C5-C6
147
Lower brachial plexus lesion
Due to sudden upward pull of the shoulder or injury to the C8-T1 roots following forced abduction of the shoulder at birth (Klumpke's paralysis). Signs are atrophic paralysis of forearm and claw hand, often Horner's syndrome
148
Anterior cubital region
Common site for routine intravenous injections or blood withdrawals
149
All mimetic muscles are innervated by?
Facial n. CNVII (7)
150
biceps brachial originates from?
superior glenoid lip
151
long head of the triceps originates from?
inferior glenoid lip
152
the border between what portion of the clavicle is weakest?
median 2/3 and lateral 1/2
153
baby is born with large, barrel like thoracic cage and has a lack of thoracic stability. doctor lifts him up and accidentally folds him in half. what is this?
cleidocranial disastosis
154
bicipital groove contains?
tendon of the bicep brachi
155
fractures mid shaft of humerus. what nerve is injured?
radial nerve
156
what nerve being cut could compromise breathing?
phrenic nerve
157
falls and tried to catch herself, fork like fracture, how did she fall?
fell on extended hand
158
what is the second most commonly fractured carpal bone?
triquetrum
159
what is the first most commonly factored carpal bone?
scaphoid -70% carpal injuries 10% of hand injuries
160
what is not a potential cause of carpal tunnel syndrome?
hyperthyroidism
161
Which nerve runs anteriorly to the Anterior Scalene Muscle?
phrenic
162
Which of the following is a muscle of the rotator cuff?
supraspinatus and infraspinatus
163
Which of the following is not a border of the Humoral Quadrangular space?
lateral head of the triceps
164
what are the contents of the Lower Humoral Triangle
radial nerve, brachial artery
165
Proximal Median Nerve injury leads to..
palpal benediction, preachers hand, ape hand
166
A patient comes in with tingling sensations in their digits. When you read their file, you see this patient suffers from amyloidosis. What is a potential diagnosis?
carpal tunnel syndrome
167
Olympic tennis player, Super Mario, is complaining of soreness on the "inside ball of his elbow" when he touches it and much more pain while hitting the ball. Which of the following muscles is not effected?
extensor digiti minimi
168
A patient exhibits claw hand, upon inspection there is no Ulnar nerve damage and good capillary refill. What is the possible diagnosis?
dupuytrens contractor
169
What is the innervation for the adductor Polucis
ulnar nerve
170
What are the nerve roots for the Biceps reflex
C5-C6
171
Which nerve gives the dermatome of the posterior antebrachial region
posterior cutaneous nerve to the forearm
172
What listed nerves give sensory innervation to the ring finger
ulnar and median
173
What nerve innervates the masticater muscles
cranial nerve 3
174
nfratemporal fossa contains all of the following except
parotid gland
175
Which of the following is not a branch of the external carotid A?
ophthalmic
176
Carotid sheath in the neck contain which of the following
internal jugular vein, carotid artery, vagus nerve
177
Thrombosis in the cavernous sinus can lead to all of the following except
compression of CN 5-2
178
A child is born with congenital Fibromatosis of the right sternocleidomastoid M, which of the following is true?
childs faces left
179
what nerve structure innervates the infrahyoid muscles
cervical ansa
180
branchial arch 3 contains
CN9
181
All laryngeal muscles are innervated by what nerve
inferior laryngeal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve
182
woman enters the clinic with a very large lump on her neck. She claims it is uncomfortable at times while swallowing and speaking. There is no hyper/hypo thyroidism, but a scan shows an enlarged thyroid gland. What may she be deficient in?
iodine
183
What type of joint is the radoiocarpal joint?
ellipsoid joint
184
Median cubital vein
Blood drawn.
185
Which are the mimetic muscles of the mouth region?
Orbicularis oris muscle, buccinator muscle, zygomaticus major, zygomaticus minor, riorius, levator labii superioris, levator anguli oris, depressor anguli oris, depressor labii inferioris, metalis
186
Clinoid Process
Skull
187
Coronoid
ulna/mandible
188
caracoid
scapula
189
conoid
clavicle
190
condyloid
mandible
191
capitulum
humerus
192
capitate
carpal bone
193
CN V: Trigeminal N
V1: opthalmic
V2: maxillary
V3: mandibular
Sensation of the face
V3 specifically innervates 4 muscles of mastication
194
4 Muscles of Mastication
CNV3 Mandibular N
Masseter
Temporalis
Lateral Pterygoid
Medial Pterygoid
195
Rotator Cuff
SITS
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis
196
On on on they traveled and found Voldemort guarding very ancient Horcruxes
Some say money matters but my brother says big brains matter more
I Olfactory Sensory
II Optic Sensory
III Occulomotor Motor
IV Trochlear Motor
V Trigeminal Both
VI Abducens Motor
VII Facial Both
VIII Vestibulocochlear Sensory
IX Glossopharyngeal Both
X Vagus Both
XI Accessory Motor
XII Hypoglossal Motor
197
Epicranius =
occipitofrontalis
198
Parotid Duct =
Stensen's duct
199
Orbit Bones: Now My Little Eyes See
Nasal, Maxillary, Lacrimal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid
