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Anatomy > Innervation and Actions - Test 1 > Flashcards

Innervation and Actions - Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius Ascending Part(lower fibers)

A

Innervation

  • spinal root of accessory nerve(cranial nerve XI) - motor
  • C3-C4 nerves - sensory(proprioception and pain)

Actions

  • support scapula and shoulder
  • elevation of scapula(shrugging)
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2
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Innervation

  • Thoracodorsal nerve(C6,C7,C8)
  • branch of posterior cord from brachial plexus

Actions

  • Adduction and lowering the arm
  • raise body towards should
  • medial rotation and extension of the arm by acting on humerus
  • coughing and forces expiration
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3
Q

Rhomboid Major and Minor

A

Innervation
- Dorsal scapular nerve(C4-C5)

Actions

  • press the scapulae to thoracic wall
  • medial rotation and retraction of the scapula
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4
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

Innervation
- dorsal scapular nerve

Actions

  • elevates the scapula
  • rotates the inferior angle of the scapula medially
  • rotates the glenoid of the scapula downward
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5
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior

A

Innervation

- intercostal nerves(T1-T4)

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6
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior

A

Innervation

- intercostal nerves(T9-T12)

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7
Q

Splenius Servicis and Capitis

A

Action

- rotate or extend the head and the next when both contract

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8
Q

Iliocostalis

A

Innervation
- dorsal rami of various spinal nerves

action
- keep body in erect position

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9
Q

longissimus

A

innervation
- primary dorsal rami of the spinal nerves

action
- keep body in erect position

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10
Q

Spinalis

A

Innervation
- all by primary spinal dorsal rami

Action
- keep body in erect position

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11
Q

Semispinalis thoracis, cervicis, and capitis

A

Innervation
- primary dorsal rami

Action
- extension and rotation of head and vertebral column

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12
Q

Multifidus

A

Innervation
- primary dorsal rami

Action
- stabilization of vertebrae with the movement of the vertebral column

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13
Q

Rotator brevis and longus

A

Action

  • stabilize the vertebrae
  • aid in rotation and extension of vertebrae
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14
Q

Interspinales, intertransversarii, and levatores costarum

A

Action

  • involved in movements of the vertebral column
  • assist in respiration
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15
Q

Suboccipital Region and Triangle

Rectus capitis posterior major
obliquus capitis superior
obliquus capitis inferior

Rectus capitis posterior minor(towards midline of region

A

Innervation

  • Suboccipital nerve(dorsal ramus of C1)
  • greater occipital nerve(C2) for sensory

Action

  • bilateral contractions turn head backward
  • unilateral contractions turn head to sides
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16
Q

Anterior Thigh Muscles

Quadriceps Femoris(rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis)

A

I: Femoral Nerve
A: powerful extensor of knee joint
Rectus femoris can flex hip joint too

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17
Q

Anterior Thigh Muscles

Sartorius

A

I: Femoral Nerve

A: flexor at both the hip and knee joints

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18
Q

Anterior Thigh Muscles

Iliopsoas(psoas major and iliacus muscles)

A

I: Lumbar plexus(psoas muscle)
Femoral nerve(iliacus muscle)
A: strong flexor of the hip
Psoas muscle can flex body laterally

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19
Q

Adductors of the Thigh

Gracilis

A

L: medial aspect of the thigh
I: Obturator Nerve
A: adductor of the thigh
Flexor at the hip and knee joints

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20
Q

Adductors of the Thigh

Adductor Longus

A

L: extends mediolateral direction. Deeper to the sartorius and lies on the adductor magnus
I: Obturator nerve
A: Adduction of the thigh
Hip flexion

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21
Q

Adductors of the Thigh

Adductor Brevis

A

L: lies partially beneath the adductor longus with a similar course
I: Obturator nerve
A: adductor to the thigh
Flexor of the hip joint

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22
Q

Adductors of the Thigh

Pectineus Muscle

A

L: superior adductor longus
I: Femoral and Obturator nerves
A: adductor of thigh and flexor of hip joint

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23
Q

Adductors of the Thigh

Adductor Magnus

A

L: medial aspect of the thigh anteriorly, deep in the posterior aspect of the thigh anteriorly
I: Tibial nerve(at adductor tubercle = hamstring part)
Obturator nerve adductor part
A: extensor of hip(thigh)
Strong adductor of the leg at the hip joint
Flexes thigh
At linea aspera is a lateral rotator of the thigh
At adductor tubercle is medial rotator of the leg

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24
Q

Dorsal Hip Muscles

Gluteus Maximus

A

L: superficial
I: Inferior gluteal nerve
A: powerful extensor of the hip joint, lateral rotator and abductor of the hip
Helps adduction of the hip

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25
Dorsal Hip Muscles Tensor Fasciale Latae
L: on lateral side from gluteus medius I: Superior Gluteal nerve A: Abduction, medial rotation, and flexion of hip(thigh), and supports knee joint
26
Dorsal Hip Muscles Gluteus Medius
L: partially beneath the gluteus maximus I: Superior gluteal nerve A: abduction and medial rotation of the thigh, helps in lateral rotation and flexion of the hip Keeps pelvis level when opposite leg raised
27
Dorsal Hip Muscles Gluteus Minimus
L: deep to gluteus medius and maximus I: superior gluteal nerve A: abduction and medial rotation of the thigh, helps in lateral rotation and flexion of the hip Keeps pelvis level when opposite leg raised
28
Deep Muscles of the Gluteal Region Piriformis
L: passes through greater sciatic foramen May be partially or totally absent I: Sacral plexus(nerve to piriformis) A: lateral rotator of the extended thigh and abductor of the flexed thigh Keep femur head in the acetabulum
29
Deep Muscles of the Gluteal Region Obturator Internus
L: between superior gemellus and inferior gemellus(femur to hip) I: Nerve to obturator internus A: ?
30
Deep Muscles of the Gluteal Region Superior and Inferior Gemellus
``` L: superior – ichial spine Inferior – ischial tuberosity I: Superior – nerve to obturator internus Inferior – nerve to quadratus femoris A: ? ```
31
Deep Muscles of the Gluteal Region Quadratus Femoris
L: inferior the inferior gemellus I: nerve to the quadratus femoris A: ?
32
Posterior Thigh Muscles Hamstring muscles(long head of the biceps, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, ischial portion of adductor magnus)
L: posterior region of the thigh I: tibial nerve A: strong flexors of the knee joint, weak extensors of the hip joint
33
Posterior Thigh Muscles Biceps Femoris
L: long(ischial tuberosity of the hip) and short(linear aspera of femur) heads I: Long = tibial nerve, short = common peroneal nerve A: extension of the hip, flexor and rotator of the knee joint
34
Posterior Thigh Muscles Semitendinosus
L: superficial, medially in the posterior aspect of the thigh I: tibial nerve A: extension of the hip joint, strong flexion and medial rotation of knee joint
35
Posterior Thigh Muscles Semimembranosus
L: wider muscle, deeper to the semitendinosus, on medial aspect of the posterior region of the thigh I: tibial nerve A: extension of the hip joint, strong flexion and medial rotation of the knee
36
Posterior Thigh Muscles Adductor Magnus
Hamstring part works with other hamstring muscles
37
Anterior muscles - lower leg Tibialis Anterior
L: medially located on the lateral aspect of tibia I: deep peroneal nerve A: Dorsiflection and inversion of the foot at ankle joint
38
Anterior muscles - lower leg Extensor Hallucis Longus
L: deep to the tibialis anterior I: deep peroneal nerve A: dorsiflection of the big toe and ankle
39
Anterior muscles - lower leg Extensor Digitorum Longus
L: lateral tibialis anterior I: deep peroneal nerve A: dorsiflection of the foot at ankle and corresponding digits
40
Anterior muscles - lower leg Peroneus Tertius
Often present in and sometimes a part of extensor digitorum longus A: helps eversion of the foot
41
Posterior Compartment of the Leg: Superficial Layer Gastrocnemius
L: Calf muscle I: tibial nerve A: strong plantar flexors of the foot, active for fast movements, flexes the leg at knee joint too.
42
Posterior Compartment of the Leg: Superficial Layer Plantaris
L: small, thin with long tendon I: tibial nerve A: plantar flexor of the foot
43
Posterior Compartment of the Leg: Superficial Layer Soleus
L: deep to the gastrocnemius I: tibial nerve A: strong plantar flexor of the foot, active in hard and sustained motion
44
Posterior Leg Muscles: Deep Layer Popliteus
L: behind knee I: tibial nerve A: flexion of the knee, unlocking of the knee joint(rotates femur), medial rotation of the leg
45
Posterior Leg Muscles: Deep Layer Flexor Digitorum Longus
L: most medially located I: tibial nerve A: plantar flexion at ankle and inversion of the foot
46
Posterior Leg Muscles: Deep Layer Tibialis Posterior
L: between flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus I: tibial nerve A: plantar flexion at ankle and inversion of the foot
47
Posterior Leg Muscles: Deep Layer Flexor Hallucis Longus
L: lateral tibialis posterior I: tibial nerve A: flexes big toe and helps in plantar flexion
48
Peroneal(lateral) Group Muscles Peroneus Longus
L: superficial lateral aspect of lower leg I: superficial peroneal nerve A: eversion of the foot
49
Peroneal(lateral) Group Muscles Peroneus Brevis
L: lateral surface of the fibula I: superficial peroneal nerve A: eversion of the foot
50
Muscles of the Dorsum of the Foot Extensor Hallucis Brevis
L:attached to big toe I: deep peroneal nerve A: Dorsiflexion of the big toe
51
Muscles of the Dorsum of the Foot Extensor Digitorum Brevis
L: attached to toes I: deep peroneal nerve A: dorsiflexion of the digits
52
Superficial Layer of Plantar Muscles Abductor Hallucis
L: superficial big toe I: medial and lateral plantar nerve A: abducts big toe
53
Superficial Layer of Plantar Muscles Flexor Digitorum Brevis
L: superficial medial 3 digits I: medial and lateral plantar nerve A: flexes digits
54
Superficial Layer of Plantar Muscles Abductor Digiti Minimi
L: superficial lateral pinky toe I: medial and lateral plantar nerve A: abducts pinky toe
55
Second Layer Muscles of the Plantar Region Quadratus Plantae
L: medial I: lateral plantar nerve A: ?
56
Second Layer Muscles of the Plantar Region Lumbricals
L: thin on each connector to each digit I: medial plantar nerve to medial lumbrical, lateral plantar nerve to others A: plantar flexion of the corresponding digits
57
Third Layer of the Plantar Region Muscles Flexor Hallucis Brevis
L: medial head and lateral head for big toe I: medial plantar nerve A: flexes hallucis
58
Third Layer of the Plantar Region Muscles Adductor Hallucis
L: oblique head(medial and proximal to flexor hallucis lateral head), transverse head – to 4th digit I: lateral plantar nerve A: adducts hallucis
59
Third Layer of the Plantar Region Muscles Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
L: lateral and to pinky toe I: lateral plantar nerve A: flexes digits
60
Third Layer of the Plantar Region Muscles Opponens Digiti Minimi
L: deep the flexor digiti minimi brevis
61
Fourth Layer of the Plantar Region Muscles Plantar Interossei Muscles
L: On each digit plantar side I: lateral plantar nerve A: adductors of the digits
62
Fourth Layer of the Plantar Region Muscles Dorsal Interossei Muscles
L: on each digit dorsal side I: lateral plantar nerve A: abductors of the digits

Anatomy (13 decks)

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