Exam 2 Abdominal wall, inguinal region and peritoneal cavity

Question 1

Boundaries of the anterolateral abdominal wall

Answer 1

Costal cartilage of ribs 7-10 and xiphoid process

Inguinal ligament, ASIS and pubic tubercle

Question 2

Boundaries of the posterior abdominal wall

Answer 2

Quadratus lumborum
Psoas major
Psoas minor
Iliacus

Question 3

Order of the 9 quadrants in the abdomen from L to R and top to bottom

Answer 3

R hypochondriac
Epigastric
L hypochondriac
R lumbar
Umbilical
L lumbar
R iliac
Hypogastric
L iliac

Question 4

Order of the 4 quadrants of the abdomen

Answer 4

Right upper quadrant
Left upper quadrant
R lower quadrant
L lower quadrant

Question 5

What devides the upper and lower quadrants of the 4 quadrant system

Answer 5

Transumbilical plane
Passes through the umbilicus and intervertebral disc of L3-L4

Question 6

Layers of the anterior abdominal wall

Answer 6

-Skin
-Subcutaneous fascia layers
-Three overlapping muscular sheets w/ aponeruotic tendinous fascia
-Transversalis fascia
-Peritoneum

Question 7

Adipose (fatty) layer coursing with cutaneous nerves and blood vessels in the abdomen

Answer 7

Campers fascia

Question 8

Membranous fascial layer deep to the campers fascia (inferior to umbilicus)

Answer 8

Scarpas fascia

Question 9

What does scarpas fascia become in the perineal region

Answer 9

Colles fascia

Question 10

What does scarpas fascia fuse with

Answer 10

The fascia latta of the thigh

Question 11

Space between scarpas fascia and aponeruosis of external oblique

Fluid can accumulate here

Answer 11

Potential space

Question 12

what are the 4 muscsles of the abdominal wall

Answer 12

External oblique
Rectus abdominus
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominus

Question 13

What are the actions off all 4 abdominal wall muscles

Answer 13

Flex the trunk, rotate the trunk and compress the abdominal viscera

Question 14

O and I of external oblique

Answer 14

O - external surfaces of ribs 5-12
I - Linea alba, pubic tubercle, and anterior half of iliac crest

Question 15

O and I of rectus abdominis

Answer 15

O - Pubic symphysis and pubic crest
I - xyphoid process and costal cartilage from ribs 5-7

Question 16

O and I of internal oblique

Answer 16

O - thoraco lumbar fascia, anterior 2 thirds of iliac crest, lateral half of inguinal ligament
I - Inferior borders of ribs 10-12, linea alba

Question 17

O and I of transversus abdominis

Answer 17

O - internal surface of costal cartilage of ribs 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, iliopsoas fascia
I - linea alba with aponeurosis of internal oblique and pubic crest

Question 18

Arterial supply of abdominal wall muscles

Answer 18

Superior epigastric
Musculophrenic
Inferior epigastric

Question 19

Innervation of abdominal wal

Answer 19

Intercostal nerves
Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T11)

Question 20

cause of chronic abdominal wall pain

Answer 20

Anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment

Question 21

Positive carnetts sign

Answer 21

Abdominal wall/somatic pain

Question 22

Negative carnetts sign

Answer 22

Abdominal viscera/ visceral pain

Question 23

1. Palpate site during flexed abdomen
2. In increased pain, source is likely abdominal wall
3. If no increased pain, source is likely visceral

Answer 23

Carnetts sign

Question 24

Lines internal surface of abdominal wall

Answer 24

Endoabdominal fascia

Question 25

Lines transverus abdominis

Answer 25

Transversalis fascia

Question 26

Lines diaphragm

Answer 26

Diaphragmatic fascia

Question 27

Lines iliopsoas muscle

Answer 27

Psoas fascia

Question 28

Remnants of fetal blood flow

Answer 28

Umbilical folds Median Medial Lateral

Question 29

Inguinal canal entrance and exit

Answer 29

Entrance - Deep inguinal ring Exit - superficial inguinal ring

Question 30

What forms innermost layer of coverings in the inguinal canal

Answer 30

Transversails fascia

Question 31

What are the differences in male in female in the inguinal canal

Answer 31

Male - spermatic cord and cremaster muscle Female - Round ligament of uterus

Question 32

Presents itself sitting next to cremaster muscle and surrounded by transversalis fascia

Answer 32

Direct inguinal hernia

Question 33

Presents itself surounded by the cremeaster muscle and internal spermatic fascia

Answer 33

Indirect inguinal hernia

Question 34

Between the median and medial umbilical folds

Answer 34

Supravesical foss

Question 35

Site of supravesical hernias (rare)

Answer 35

Supravesical foss

Question 36

Between the medial and lateral umbilical folds

Answer 36

Median inguinal fossa

Question 37

Site of direct inguinal hernia

Answer 37

Median inguinal foss

Question 38

lateral to the lateral umbilical folds

Answer 38

Lateral inguinal fossa

Question 39

Site of indirect inguinal hernias

Answer 39

Lateral inguinal fossa

Question 40

Serous membrane of the abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 40

Peritoneum

Question 41

Lines the inner surface of the abdominal cavity

Answer 41

Parietal peritoneum

Question 42

Attached to the abdominal viscera

Answer 42

Visceral peritoneum

Question 43

Structures suspended by mesentary in the peritoneal cavity

Answer 43

Intraperitoneal organs

Question 44

Structures external to the parietal peritoneum

Answer 44

Retroperitoneal, exztraperitoneal and sub peritoneal organs

Question 45

Attached to the greater curvature of the stomach

Answer 45

Greater omentum

Question 46

Attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach

Answer 46

Lesser omentum

Question 47

Sac like cavity posterior to the stomach and lesser omentum Allows for stomach to expand

Answer 47

Omental bursa

Question 48

Double layer of peritoneum Passageway for nerves and vessels

Answer 48

Mesentery

Question 49

Mesentery of the gastrointestinal tract

Answer 49

Mesocolon Mesoesophagus Mesogastrium Mesoappendix Mesentery (small intestine)

Question 50

Attaches greater omentum to transverse colon

Answer 50

Gastocolic ligament

Question 51

Lateral extension connecting the stomach to spleen

Answer 51

Gastrosplenic ligament

Question 52

Between liver and stomach

Answer 52

Hepatogastric ligament

Question 53

Between liver and duodenum

Answer 53

hepatoduodenal ligament

Question 54

Innervation of parietal peritoneum

Answer 54

matches the abdominal wall

Question 55

innervation of visceral peritoneum

Answer 55

Matches the underlying organs

Question 56

Accumulation of peritoneal fluid

Answer 56

Ascites

Question 57

Inflammation of the peritoneum

Answer 57

Peritonitis