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ORAL PATHOLOGY! > Exam 2-Benign Neoplasms (excluding salivary gland) > Flashcards

Exam 2-Benign Neoplasms (excluding salivary gland) Flashcards

1
Q

TERM: Pathologic new growth of tissue in which growth is not controlled by normal regulatory functions and which does not regress after removal of the stimulus which produced it.

A

Neoplasm

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2
Q

Neoplasm: Pathologic new ______ of tissue in which growth is not controlled by normal regulatory functions and which does not ______ after removal of the stimulus which produced it.

A

Growth…regress

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3
Q

Clinically can usually tell if a tumor (neoplasm) is of ________ or mesenchymal origin and whether it is benign or malignant.

A

epithelial

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4
Q

What are the two types of Epithelial neoplasms?

A

HPV, and KA(Kerato-acanth-oma)

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5
Q

What are the three types of neoplasms seen that have HPV origin?

A

1.Papilloma 2.Verruca Vulgaris (common wart) 3.Condyloma Acuminatum (vernerial warts)

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6
Q

ALL EPITHELIAL neoplasms, of EPITHELIAL origin, caused by HPV……are _______ tumors and are treated by removal

A

benign

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7
Q

What type of EPITHELIAL neoplasm has clinical and histological features similar to SKIN CANCER (squamous cell carcinoma), but are considered reactive, not neoplastic.

A

Kerato-A-Canthoma (KA)

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8
Q

Since these often resemble skin cancer, _________’s are usually at sun exposed areas of the head and neck

A

kerato-a-canthoma’s

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9
Q

Kerato-a-canthoma’s are typically in ______ aged patients, and only ___% are on or in the oral cavity.

A

older…10%

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10
Q

hmmmm what is this describing? Rapid growth, often UMBILICATE with ROLLED borders…Natural history: Involution and healing.

A

kerato-a-canthoma

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11
Q

How do you clinically tell if a benign neoplasm is mesenchymal? most look IDENTICAL clinically and present as asymptomatic, slowly growing ________ masses

A

SUBMUCOSAL

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12
Q

What are the 3 types (what tissue types?) of benign neoplasms?

A

Connective, Muscle, Nervous

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of Connective Tissue mesenchymal benign neoplasms?

A

1.Fibroma 2.Lipoma 3.Verru-ci-form Xanthoma

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14
Q

What is the most common benign, mesenchymal, connective tissue neoplasm?

A

A fibroma

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15
Q

What is a benign neoplasm of FAT, may appear yellowish, very common in skin, less so ORALLY?

A

Lipoma

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16
Q

WTF!??! What is a reactive lesion with predilection for the HARD PALATE or GINGIVA?? Most common ORALLY but reported on skin and genitals….

A

VX….Verru-ciform Xanthoma

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17
Q

(verrucous, “verruciform”) is just a fancy way of saying something has a WHAT?

A

surface irregularity

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18
Q

A verrucifom xanthoma will change color from pink to _______

A

white

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19
Q

Who’s histology?? Epithelium displays papillary hyperplasia. Connective tissue papillae contain phagocytic cells which have engulfed lipid (xanthoma cells)

A

Verrucifom Xanthoma

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20
Q

What are the four types of benign neoplasms of the MUSCLE?

A

1.Leiomyoma (smooth muscle) 2.Rhabdomyoma (skeletal muscle) 3.Granular cell tumor 4. Congenital Epilus of the newborn

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21
Q

Where is the most common site of a liomyoma?

A

the uterus

22
Q

What is the frequency of leiomyoma in the oral cavity? They can be reddish to ______…

A

rare….purple

23
Q

Where is the most common site of a rhabdomyoma?…Its RARE in the oral cavity, but if it does occur there…WHERE does it show up?

A

the heart….the tongue

24
Q

Originally thought to arise from muscle (granular cell myoblastoma) now thought to be of nerve origin, possibly sheath….WHAT THE F?

A

Granular Cell Tumor (benign)

25
Q

A granular cell tumor is most likely from nerve origin, esp the _______

A

sheath

26
Q

What is the most common site for a granular cell tumor?

A

tongue

27
Q

Is a granular cell tumor freely movable or fixed?

A

fixed

28
Q

Histology of a Granular Cell Tumor: Large WHAT SHAPE? cells with granular cytoplasm, about 1/2 cause overlying epithelium to react in a pattern that simulates ________ called pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH)

A

polygonal… carcinoma

29
Q

What is the name for a congenital tumor of the anterior alveolar ridge?

A

Congenital Epilus of the Newborn

30
Q

Which arch is more likely to see Congenital Epilus of the Newborn? Which sex?

A

Maxilla (2:1)….Females (freggin 8:1)

31
Q

Histo of Congenital Epilus of the Newborn-Identical cells to granular cell tumor but cells don’t react to WHAT TYPE OF markers for nerve, No PEH (WHAT DOES THIS MEAN AGAIN??!)….May regress if incompletely “excised”

A

Immunohistochemical…(PEH..pseudo-epithiomatis-hyperplasia)

32
Q

TERM: not neoplasm but aberration of healing following trauma…..Mass of tangled regenerating nerve in scar tissue

A

Traumatic Neuroma

33
Q

Where are the two most common locations for a Traumatic Neuroma?

A

1.borders of the tongue 2.lower lip at mental foramen (PAIN ON PALPATION)

34
Q

Is there pain associated with Traumatic Neuroma?

A

YES, on PALPATION

35
Q

What is a Benign neoplasm occurring in a nerve and composed of Schwann cells, axons and fibrous tissue?

A

A NeuroFibroma

36
Q

A Neurofibroma Can occur in most tissues and organs of body, including ________, soft tissue and bone, most HAVE WHAT SYMPTOMS?

A

oral cavity…asymptomatic

37
Q

Neurofibromatosis is also called…

A

Von Recklinghausens Disease of Skin

38
Q

What is condition of neuroectoderm ranging from simple skin pigmentation to widespread involvement of central and peripheral nervous system. 1/2 inherited as autosound dominant trait, other 1/2 somatic mutations. (Gene for most on chromosome #17)

A

Neurofibromatosis: Von Recklinghausens Disease of Skin

39
Q

What is a nearfibromatosis of the eye? (Axillary freckling, pigmentary defects of iris)

A

LISCH Spots

40
Q

___-___% of patients develop malignancy in their neurofibromas.

A

1-5%

41
Q

Benign encapsulated neural neoplasm arising WITHIN the sheath or neurilemma of a peripheral nerve

A

Neurilemmoma (Schwannoma)

42
Q

Antoni A Schwannoma = _______ areas of replicated basement membrane material surrounded by Schwann cell nuclei

A

Acellular

43
Q

Haphazardly arranged spindled Schwann cells in

loose stroma =

A

Antoni B Nerilemmoma (Schwannoma)

44
Q

Melanotic _________ tumor of infancy: Neural crest tumor occurring almost exclusively in _____ but does occur in
extragnathic sites.

A

neuroectodermal…jaws

45
Q

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy: which age range and area are most affected?

A

1 year old, maxillary

46
Q

What is the immunohistochem marker found in neuroectodermalMelanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy???

A

VMA (VanilyMandelic Acid) found in blood and urine

47
Q

Even with aggressive cutarage, Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy has a recurrence rate of __-___%

A

10-20%

48
Q

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 3 (MEN 3): 95% of patients with mutation of _____ gene, a proto-oncogene on chromosome ___.

A

RET…10

49
Q

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 3 (MEN 3): 50% - inherited as WHAT KIND OF GENETIC problem?

A

autosomal dominant

50
Q

If half of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 3 (MEN 3)’s are inherited as AD- how do the other half occur? (hint 3 ways)

A

somatic mutations…a. Mucosal neuromas (predates other tumors) b.Medullary carcinoma of thyroid c. Pheochromocytoma of adrenal medulla

51
Q

Treatment of most benign mesenchymal tumors is _______.

A

excision

ORAL PATHOLOGY! (40 decks)

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