Exam#2 (chap. 4)

Question 1

Trainees effectively and continually applying what they have learned in training to their jobs?

Answer 1

Transfer of training

Question 2

Trainee’s ability to apply what they learned to on-the job work problems?

Answer 2

Generalization

Question 3

Process of trainees continuing to use what they learned over time?

Answer 3

Maintenance

Question 4

Transfer of training theory?

Answer 4

Transfer of training is more difficult when tasks during training are different from the work environment (2 different categories of skills)

1. Closed skills
2. Open skills

Question 5

Training objectives that are linked to learning specific skills that are to be identically produced by the trainee on their job? (Transfer of training theory)

Answer 5

Closed skills

Question 6

Linked to more general learning principles? (Transfer of training theory)

Answer 6

Open skills

Question 7

Mental and physical learning processes? (4 parts)

Answer 7

1. Expectancy: Mental state that the learner brings to the instructional process
2. Perception: Ability to organize the message from the environment so that it can be processed and acted upon
3. Working storage: Rehearsal and repetition of information occurs
4. Semantic encoding: Actual coding process of incoming messages

Question 8

Three learning strategies? (what learners do to learn)

Answer 8

1. Rehearsal: Focuses on learning through repetition
2. Organizing: Requires the learner to find similarities and themes in the training material
3. Elaboration: Requires the trainee to relate the training material to other, more familiar knowledge

Question 9

Four learning style preferences?

Answer 9

1. Diverger
2. Assimilator
3. Converger
4. Accommodator

Question 10

Learning process cycle? (4 parts)

Answer 10

1. Concrete experience
2. Reflective observation
3. Abstract conceptualization
4. Active experimentation
   (then go back to the beginning)

Question 11

Facets of Training Plans? (3)

Answer 11

1. Instruction
2. Training context
3. Practice

Question 12

Trainer’s manipulation of the environment in order to help trainees learn? (Facets of Training Plans)

Answer 12

Instruction

Question 13

The physical, intellectual, and emotional environment in which training occurs? (Facets of Training Plans)

Answer 13

Training context

Question 14

Physical or mental rehearsal of a task, knowledge, or skill to achieve proficiency in performing the task or skill or demonstrating the knowledge? (Facets of Training Plans)

Answer 14

Practice

Question 15

Provide information about the process or strategy, and also

encourage trainees to develop a strategy (metacognition) to reflect on their own learning process?

Answer 15

Pre-practice conditions

Question 16

Trainees need to continue to practice even if they have been able to perform the objective several times (e.g., refreshing muscle memory)?

Answer 16

Overlearning

Question 17

Giving trainees opportunities to make errors during training and to learn from them?

Answer 17

Error management training

Question 18

Individuals practice a task continuously, without resting?

Answer 18

Massed practice

Question 19

Individuals are given rest intervals within practice sessions?

Answer 19

Spaced practice (Spaced practice is superior to massed practice)

Question 20

Degree to which a task requires a number of distinct behaviors, the number of choices involved in performing the task, and the degree of uncertainty in performing the task?

Answer 20

Overall task complexity

Question 21

Degree to which the task requires the subject to use or demonstrate mental skills or cognitive skills or abilities to perform the task?

Answer 21

Mental requirements

Question 22

Degree to which the task requires the person to use or demonstrate physical skills and abilities to perform and complete the task?

Answer 22

Physical requirements

Question 23

All tasks or objectives should be practiced at the same time?

Answer 23

Whole practice

Question 24

An objective or task should be practiced individually as soon as each is introduced in the training program?

Answer 24

Part practice (Practice must be related to the training objectives)

Question 25

Making performance of a task, recall of knowledge, or demonstration of a skill so automatic that it requires little thought or attention?

Answer 25

Automatization

Question 26

Information about how well people are meeting the training objectives?

Answer 26

Feedback

Question 27

Groups of employees who work together, learn from each other, and develop a common understanding of how to get work accomplished (example: “Think-Pair-Share”)?

Answer 27

Communities of practice

Question 28

Coordinate activities before, during, and after the program?

Answer 28

Training administration

Question 29

Person’s attempt to control certain aspects of decision making and behavior?

Answer 29

Self-management

Question 30

Take place when the trainee uses previously learned, less effective capabilities instead of trying to apply the capability emphasized in the training program?

Answer 30

Lapses

Question 31

Trainees’ perceptions about a wide variety of characteristics of the work environment that facilitate or inhibit the use of trained skills or behavior?

Answer 31

Climate for transfer

Question 32

Processes within the learner that must be present for learning to occur (Processes include how information is registered, stored in memory, and recalled)?

Answer 32

Internal conditions

Question 33

Processes in the learning environment that facilitate learning (Include the physical learning environment)?

Answer 33

External conditions