EXAM 2 - CHAPTER 8

Question 1

point of contact between bones, cartilage and bones or between teeth and bone

Answer 1

articulation or joint

Question 2

what happens when there is a tighter fit joint

Answer 2

stronger but less flexible

Question 3

what are functions of joints

Answer 3

protection, movement, changes of direction

Question 4

no joint (synovial) cavity, held together by connective tissue

Answer 4

fibrous

Question 5

no joint activity held together by cartilage

Answer 5

cartilaginous

Question 6

cavity with surrounding articular capsule

Answer 6

synovial

Question 7

immovable joints

Answer 7

synarthroses

Question 8

name three synarthroses

Answer 8

suture, gomphosis , and synchondrosis

Question 9

thin layer of dense fibrous connective tissue taht unites skull bones, interlocking edges

Answer 9

suture

Question 10

fibrous joint, peg in socket , example is roots of teeth in sockets of alveolar processes

Answer 10

gomphosis

Question 11

joint connected by hyaline cartilage

Answer 11

sychondrosis

Question 12

slightly movable joints

Answer 12

amphiarthroses

Question 13

name the two amphiarthroses

Answer 13

syndesmosis
symphysis

Question 14

like suture but much more fibrous connective tissue, so not as tight

Answer 14

syndesmosis

Question 15

joint where connected by broad flat fibrocartilage disc

Answer 15

symphysis (growing together)

Question 16

freely movable joints

Answer 16

diarthroses

Question 19

fluid filled space separates articulating bones

Answer 19

synovial cavity

Question 20

hyaline cartilage covers surface of articulation (epiphysis) reduces friction

Answer 20

articular cartilage

Question 20

sleeve encloses synovial cavity and unites bone

Answer 20

articular capsule

Question 20

provide extra strength inside and outside capsule

Answer 20

accessory ligaments

Question 21

pads of fibrocartilage between bone surfaces and shaped to fit

Answer 21

articular discs (menisci)

Question 22

fluid-filled sacs inside synovial cavity to reduce high friction stress points

Answer 22

bursae

Question 23

side to side joint

Answer 23

plane/gliding joint

Question 24

simple plane, line door, can do flexion and extension

Answer 24

hinge joint

Question 25

rounded surface in ring of other that rotates

Answer 25

pivot joint

Question 26

ellipsoid (oval condyle in cavity) , adduction and abduction

Answer 26

condyloid joint

Question 27

legs or saddle, oppositional movement

Answer 27

saddle joint

Question 28

ball in cup , flexion extension ab/adduction, rotation, circumduction

Answer 28

ball and socket joint

Question 29

"microscopic" surgery, small incisions, minimal cutting which improves healing

Answer 29

arthroscopy

Question 30

joint replacement, ex. hip (acetabulum and femur head) with polyethylene/titanium

Answer 30

arthroplasty

Question 31

ligaments such as ACL; meniscal tears

Answer 31

knee injury

Question 32

displace humerus from shoulder joint due to tearing of ligaments, tendons, articular capsules

Answer 32

shoulder dislocation

Question 33

circumduction-related injuries such as in pitchers, damage to muscles and tendons of glenohumeral joint

Answer 33

shoulder rotator cuff tears

Question 34

— degeneration, bone on bone inflammation, swelling and pain

Answer 34

osteoarthritis

Question 35

autoimmune disorder where synovial joint soft tissues replaced with bone and fuses

Answer 35

rheumatoid

Question 36

acute or chronic inflammation of bursae due to high friction causing swelling and pain

Answer 36

bursitis

Question 37

ligament tear

Answer 37

sprain

Question 38

muscle tear

Answer 38

strain