exam 2 - unit 7 - ch 22

Question 1

after the civil war, the us pivoted from a profoundly _____ approach to a _____ _____ for american expansion

Answer 1

isolationist approach
distinct zeal

Question 2

the nations earlier isolationism origionated from the ____ _____ left by the ____ ____ and its need to recover both _____ and ______ from that event

Answer 2

deep scars
civil war
mentally and economically

Question 3

american attitudes toward foreign expansion shifted bc

Answer 3

the industrial revolution changed the way the country worked and the american west reached its farthest point

Question 4

businesses sought new markets to export their

Answer 4

factory-built goods, oil, and tabacco products as well as generous trade agreements to secure access to raw materials

Question 5

early social reformers saw opportunities to spread ____ _____ and the benefits of ____ ____ to those in less developed nations

Answer 5

christian gospel
american life

Question 6

what was alfred thayer mahan’s 1980 work

Answer 6

the influence of seapower upon history

Question 7

in the influence of seapower upon history, he suggested three strategies that would assist the us in both ______ and _______ an empire

Answer 7

constructing and maintaining

Question 8

what was the first strategy in tiofup

Answer 8

noting the sad state of the us navy, he called for the gov to build a stronger, more powerful version

Question 9

second strategy of tiofup

Answer 9

establishing a network of naval bases to fuel this expanding fleet. (the new navy)

Question 10

sewards previous acquisition of the midway islands served this purpose by

Answer 10

providing an essential naval coaling station, which was vital, as the limited reah of steamships and their dependence on coal made naval stations imperative for increasing the navys geo reach. future acquisitions in the pacific and caribbean increased this naval supply network

Question 11

what was the third strategy of tiosup

Answer 11

the future construction across the isthmus of central america

Question 12

what would constructing a canal across the isthmus of central america do

Answer 12

decrease by 2/3 the time and power required to move the new navy from the pacific to atlantic oceans

Question 12

what was the frontier

Answer 12

the encounter between european traditions and the native wilderness

Question 13

the ____ played a fundamental roll in shaping ____ _____ but it no longer existed

Answer 13

frontier
american character

Question 14

many found a solution by seeking out new ______ in the creation of an _____ _____

Answer 14

frontiers
american empire

Question 15

queen liliuokalani tapped into a strong anti-american resentment among native hawaiians over the _____ and ______ power of exploitaive american _____ _____ between 1891-1893

Answer 15

economic and political
sugar companies

Question 16

what did businessmen do when the queen did the thing with the sugar,

Answer 16

they worked with the american minister to hawaii, john stevens, to stage a quick armed revolt to counter her efforts and seize the islands as an american protectorate

Question 17

following 5 more years of political wrangling the us annexed _____ in 1898 during the _____-______ war

Answer 17

hawaii
spanish american

Question 18

in the wake of the civil war, american economis growth combined with the efforts of _____ _____ to push for a greater _____ _____ and ______ _____

Answer 18

evangelist missionaries
international influence
overseas presence

Question 19

what did the us do to take control of valuable territories in central america and the pacific

Answer 19

confronting spain over it imperial rule in cuba

Question 20

for the us, the first step towards becoming an empire was a…

Answer 20

decisive military one

Question 21

what was the us able to do by engaging with spain

Answer 21

gain valuable territories in latin america and asia, and send a message to other global powers.

Question 22

the untested us navy was superior than the spanish fleet t/f

Answer 22

t

Question 23

what positioned the us as the predominate world power in the south pacific and caribbean

Answer 23

the annexation of the former spanish colonies of guam, puerto rico, the philippines, and the acquisition of hawaii, samoa, and wake island

Question 24

in the late 1890s there as a height of

Answer 24

yellow journalism

Question 25

what newspapers were catagorized in the yellow journalism

Answer 25

the NY journal let by william randolph hearst and the NY world published by josheph pulizer

Question 26

what was yellow jounalism

Answer 26

in which newspapers competed for readership with sensationalistic stories

Question 27

these publishers who printed news stories for max drama and effect, knew what

Answer 27

that war would provide sensational copy

Question 28

what changed in feb of 1898

Answer 28

president mckinleys reticence to involve the us in the cuban rebellion against spain

Question 29

mckinley ordered one of the newest navy battleships, the USS maine, to drop anchor off the coast of cuba in order to...

Answer 29

observe the situation ans to prepare to evacuate american citizens from cuba if necessary

Question 30

days after the uss maine arrived, an explosion destroyed it on feb 15, killing over 250 sailors, what happened immediately after

Answer 30

yellow journalists jumped on the headline that the explosion was the result of a spanish attack, and that all americans rally to war.

Question 31

what was the newspaper battle cry

Answer 31

remember the maine!

Question 32

what did recent examinations show about the maine,

Answer 32

the explosion was likely due to the storage of gun powder close to the very hot boilers

Question 33

what were the rough riders and who were they led by

Answer 33

they were an all-volunteer cavalry unit made up of adventure-seeking college graduates, veterans, and cowboys from the southwest. they were led by theodore roosevelt

Question 34

what did the rough riders do that resulted in american forces surrounding santiago

Answer 34

charged up kettle hill, next to san juan hill

Question 35

the victories of the rough riders are the best known part of the battles, but several ____ _____ regiments, made up of ____ ____ were apart of their sucess

Answer 35

african american veteran soldiers

Question 36

the spanish fleet made a effort to escape to the sea but ran into what

Answer 36

an american naval blockade that resulted in total destruction, with every spanish vessel sunk

Question 37

why was the newly formed american empire not immediately secure

Answer 37

filipino rebels, led by emilio aguinaldo, fought back against american forces stationed there

Question 38

how long did the filipinos war last for independence

Answer 38

three years

Question 39

how many americans died and how many filipinos and the civilian death toll

Answer 39

4 thousand americans, twenty thousand filipino, and 250,000 civilian death toll

Question 40

pres mckinley appointed _____ ____ ____ as the civil governor of the philippines in an effort to what

Answer 40

william howard taft effort to disengage the american military from direct confrontations with the filipino people

Question 41

what did the platt amendment do

Answer 41

secured the right of the united states to interfere in cuban affairs if threats to a stable gov emerged

Question 42

the platt amendment also guaranteed the us its own ____ and _____ station on the islands southern guantanamo bay

Answer 42

naval and coaling

Question 43

the amendment prohibited ____ from making treaties with other countries that might eventually threaten their IIIIII

Answer 43

cuba independence

Question 44

while cuba was an independent nation on paper, did the us govern cubas foreign policy and economic agreements

Answer 44

yes

Question 45

the us shifted from isolationism to empire building with what

Answer 45

its involvement and victory in the spanish american war

Question 46

the country sought to expand its reach through another powerful tool,

Answer 46

economic clout

Question 47

in 1899, secretary of state ____ ____ made a bold move to acquire chinas vast markets for american access by introducing ___ ____ ____

Answer 47

john hay open door notes

Question 48

what were open door notes

Answer 48

a series of circular notes that hay himself drafted as an expression of us interests in the region and sent to the other competing powers

Question 49

the notes agreed to what

Answer 49

to by the other five nations maintaining spheres of influences in china, would erase all spheres and essentially open all doors to free trade, with no special tariffs or transportation controls that would give unfair advantages to one country over another

Question 50

when roosevelt succeeded ______ as pres, he implemented a key strategy tor building an american empire,:

Answer 50

the threat, rather than the outright use of military force

Question 51

mckinley had engaged the us military in several successful ________ and then used the countrys superior industrial power to negotiate ____ _____ ____ agreements

Answer 51

skirmishes beneficial foreign trade

Question 52

roosevelt, with his ___ ____ policy was able to keep the us out of military conflicts by what

Answer 52

big stick employing the legitimate threat of force

Question 53

what meant that the us would need to tread carefully to maintain its status as a world power

Answer 53

changing alliances, shifting economic needs, and power politics

Question 54

roosevelt believed that the ____ ____ best interests were also the best interests of the ___ ____

Answer 54

western hemisphere united states

Question 55

roosevelt felt that the us had the right and the obligation to be the ______ of the hemisphere

Answer 55

policeman

Question 56

his belief and his strategy of what shaped much of roosevelts foreign policy

Answer 56

speaking softly and carrying a big stick

Question 57

roosevelt made it clear the the us would strongly support the ____ people should they choose to revolt agaainst ____ and form their own nation

Answer 57

panamanian colombia

Question 58

did r send american battleships to colombia to practice maneuvers as the panamanian revolution unfolded

Answer 58

yes but not to really practice maneuvers

Question 59

what did the american warships effectively do

Answer 59

blocked columbia from moving additional troops into the region to quell the growing panamaniam uprising

Question 60

what did roosevelt offer panama after he welcomed them to the world community

Answer 60

10 M plus the annual 250,000 rental fee - what he had previously offered colombia

Question 61

panama became an american _____ and remaind so until 1939

Answer 61

protectorate

Question 62

when did the construction on the canal begin

Answer 62

may 1904

Question 63

what was the roosevelt corollary based on

Answer 63

the origional monroe doctrine of the early 19th century, which warned european nations of the consequences of their interfearence in the caribbean

Question 64

in the new addition, r states the us would use military force as a ___ ____ ____ to correct any ___ ____ any latin american nation that might threaten the stability in the region

Answer 64

international policy power chronic wrongdoing

Question 65

the roosevelt corollary loudly proclaimed the right and obligation of the US to involve itself whenever necessary t/f

Answer 65

t

Question 66

taft sought to use the us ecomonic might as a

Answer 66

lever in foreign policy

Question 67

taft relied less on ____ than mckinley of r before him

Answer 67

military action

Question 68

taft would threaten and use military force when what

Answer 68

economic coercion proved unsuccessful, as it did in his bid to pay off in central americas debts with us dollars

Question 69

taft became pres in ____ and chose to adapy _____ foreign policy philisophy to one that reflected what

Answer 69

1909 roosevelts american economic power at the time

Question 70

in what became known as dollar diplomacy, taft announced his decision to ____ ____ ___ ___ in an effort to use foreign policy to ___ ____ and opportunites for ____ _____

Answer 70

substiture dollars for bullets secure markets american businessmen

Question 71

like r threat of force, taft used the threat of ___ ____ ___ to coerce countrues into agreements to benefit the us

Answer 71

american economic clout