Exam 3 Flashcards
(211 cards)
1
Q
What type of joint is the wrist joint?
A
Synovial, condyloid
2
Q
What is the triangular disc of the wrist joint?
A
Area above ulna but but below pisiform
3
Q
What are the carpal bones in the proximal row?
A
- Scaphoid
- Lunate
- Triangular
- Pisiform
4
Q
What are the carpal bones in the distal row?
A
- Trapezium
- Trapezoid
- Capitate
- Hamate
5
Q
What is ulnar flexion of the wrist also known as?
A
Ulnar deviation=adduction
6
Q
What is radial flexion of the wrist also known as?
A
Radial deviation=abduction
7
Q
What does the radial collateral ligament prevent?
A
Excessive ulnar deviation
8
Q
What does the ulnar collateral ligament prevent?
A
Excessive radial deviation
9
Q
What does the palmar radiocarpal ligament do?
A
Prevents excessive hyperextension
10
Q
What does the dorsal radiocarpal ligament do?
A
Prevents excessive flexion
11
Q
What type of joints are the intercarpal joints?
A
Synovial-gliding
12
Q
What do the intercarpal joints do?
A
Increase range of motion of wrist joint
13
Q
What holds the carpal arch in place?
A
Flexor retinaculum
14
Q
What is carpal tunnel syndrome?
A
Inflammation of tendons in carpal arch place pressure on nerve
15
Q
What type of joint is Carpometacarpal joint #1?
A
Synovial-saddle
16
Q
What type of joint are the carpometacarpal joints #2-5?
A
Synovial - gliding
17
Q
What type of joint is Metacarpometacarpal joint #1?
A
Synovial-modified condyloid
18
Q
What type of joint are the Metacarpometacarpal joints #2-5?
A
Synovial-condyloid
19
Q
What type of joints are the PIP and DIP joints?
A
Synovial-modified condyloid with strong collateral ligaments
20
Q
What are the wrist flexors?
A
- Palmaris longus
- Flexor carpi radialis
- Flexor carpi ulnaris
21
Q
What are the wrist extensors?
A
- Extensor carpi radialis longus
- Extensor carpi radialis brevis
- Extensor carpi ulnaris
22
Q
What is the origin of the palmaris longus?
A
Medial epicondyle of humerus
23
Q
What is the insertion of the palmaris longus?
A
Palmar aponeurosis
24
Q
What nerve innervates the palmaris longus?
A
Median nerve
25
What is the origin of the flexor carpi radialis?
Medial epicondyle of humerus
26
What is the insertion of the flexor carpi radialis?
Bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
27
What nerve innervates the flexor carpi radialis?
Median nerve
28
What is the origin of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
Medial epicondyle of humerus and proximal medial ulna
29
What is the insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
Pisiform, hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal
30
What nerve innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris?
Ulnar
31
What action does the flexor carpi ulnaris perform?
Wrist flexion and ulnar deviation
32
What action does the palmaris longus perform?
Wrist flexion
33
What action does the Flexor carpi radialis perform?
Wrist flexion and radial deviation
34
What is the origin of the extensor carpi radialis longus?
Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
35
What is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis longus?
Base of 2nd metacarpal
36
What nerve innervates the extensor carpi radialis longus?
Radial
37
What action does the extensor carpi radialis longus perform?
Wrist extension and radial deviation
38
What is the origin of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
39
What is the insertion of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
Base of 3rd metacarpal
40
What nerve innervates the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
Radial
41
What action does the extensor carpi radialis brevis perform?
Wrist extension and radial deviation
42
What is the origin of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus and proximal dorsal ulna
43
What is the insertion of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
Base of 5th metacarpal
44
What nerve innervates the extensor carpi ulnaris?
Deep radial
45
What action does the extensor carpi ulnaris perform?
Wrist extension and ulnar deviation
46
What is the origin of the extensor digitorum?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
47
What is the insertion of the extensor digitorum?
Dorsal surface of phalanges 2-5
48
What nerve innervates the extensor digitorum?
Deep radial
49
What action does the extensor digitorum perform?
Wrist, MCP, and IP extension
50
What is the origin of the extensor digiti minimi?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
51
What is the insertion of the extensor digiti minimi?
Proximal phalanx of digit 5
52
What nerve innervates the extensor digiti minimi?
Deep radial
53
What action does the extensor digiti minimi perform?
Wrist and 5th MCP extension
54
What is the origin of the extensor indicis?
Interosseus membrane and posterior ulna
55
What is the insertion of the extensor indicis?
Posterior phalanges of 2nd digit
56
What nerve innervates the extensor indicis?
Deep radial
57
What action does the extensor indicis perform?
Wrist, 2nd MCP, and 2nd IP extension
58
What is the origin of the extensor pollicis longus?
Interosseus membrane and midshaft of ulna
59
What is the insertion of the extensor pollicis longus?
Base of distal phalanx of #1
60
What nerve innervates the extensor pollicis longus?
Deep radial
61
What action does the extensor pollicis longus perform?
Wrist extension and radial deviation
62
What is the origin of the extensor pollicis brevis?
Shaft of radius and interosseus membrane
63
What is the insertion of the extensor pollicis brevis?
Base of proximal phalanx of #1
64
What nerve innervates the extensor pollicis brevis?
Deep radial
65
What action does the extensor pollicis brevis perform?
Wrist extension and radial deviation
66
What is the origin of the abductor pollicis longus?
Proximal dorsal surface of ulna and radius
67
What is the insertion of the abductor pollicis longus?
Base of metacarpal #1
68
What nerve innervates the abductor pollicis longus?
Deep radial
69
What action does the abductor pollicis longus perform?
Wrist extension and radial deviation
70
What is the origin of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
Medial epicondyle of humerus and radius and ulna
71
What is the insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis?
Lateral surface of middle phalanges of #2-5
72
What nerve innervates the flexor digitorum superficialis?
Median
73
What action does the flexor digitorum superficialis perform?
Wrist flexion
74
What is the origin of the flexor digitorum profundus?
Medial surface and coronoid process of ulna and interosseus membrane
75
What is the insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus?
Bases of distal phalanges of #2-5
76
What nerve innervates the flexor digitorum profundus?
Median and ulnar
77
What action does the flexor digitorum profundus perform?
Wrist flexion
78
What is the origin of the flexor pollicis longus?
Anterior shaft of radius and interosseus membrane
79
What is the insertion of the flexor pollicis longus?
Base of distal phalanx of #1
80
What nerve innervates the flexor pollicis longus?
Median nerve
81
What action does the flexor pollicis longus perform?
Wrist flexion
82
What is the origin of the lumbricals?
Tendon of Flexor digitorum profundus
83
What is the insertion of the lumbricals?
Tendon of extensor digitorum
84
What action do the lumbricals perform?
Flexion of MP and extension of PIP
85
What is the origin of the biceps brachii short head?
Coracoid process of scapula
86
What is the origin of the biceps brachii long head?
Supraglenoid tubercle
87
What is the insertion of the biceps brachii?
Radial tuberosity and bicipetal aponeurosis
88
What nerve innervates the biceps brachii?
Musculocutaneous
89
What action does the biceps brachii perform?
Elbow flexion
90
What is the origin of the brachialis?
Anterior distal surface of humerus
91
What is the insertion of the brachialis?
Ulnar tuberosity of coronoid process
92
What nerve innervates the brachialis?
Musculocutaneous
93
What action does the brachialis perform?
Elbow flexion
94
What is the origin of the brachioradials?
Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
95
What is the insertion of the brachioradialis?
Styloid process of radius
96
What nerve innervates the brachioradialis?
Radial
97
What action does the brachioradialis perform?
Elbow flexion, radial supination, and pronation
98
What is the origin of the long head of the triceps brachii?
Infraglenoid tubercle
99
What is the origin of the lateral head of the triceps brachii?
Superior lateral surface of humerus
100
What is the origin of the medial head of the triceps brachii?
Posterior distal surface of humerus
101
What is the insertion of the triceps brachii?
Olecranon process of ulna
102
What nerve innervates the triceps brachii?
Radial
103
What action does the triceps brachii perform?
Elbow extension
104
What is the origin of the anconeus?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
105
What is the insertion of the anconeus?
Lateral surface of olecranon process
106
What nerve innervates the anconeus?
Radial
107
What action does the anconeus perform?
Stabilization at elbow, elbow extension
108
What is the origin of the supinator?
Lateral epicondyle of humerus and ulna
109
What is the insertion of the supinator?
anterolateral surface of radius
110
What nerve innervates the supinator?
Deep radial
111
What action does the supinator perform?
Supination
112
What is the origin of the pronator teres?
Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
113
What is the insertion of the pronator teres?
Distal lateral surface of radius
114
What nerve innervates the pronator teres?
Median nerve
115
What action does the pronator teres perform?
Pronation
116
What is the origin of the pronator quadratus?
Medial surface of distal ulna
117
What is the insertion of the pronator quadratus?
Anterolateral surface of distal radius
118
What nerve innervates the pronator quadratus?
Median
119
What action does the pronator quadratus perform?
Pronation
120
What are the additional pronators in the arm?
The flexors of the forearm
121
What is the origin of the subscapularis?
Subscapular fossa
122
What is the insertion of the subscapularis?
Lesser tubercle of humerus
123
What nerve innervates the subscapularis?
Subscapular
124
What action does the subscapularis perform?
Stabilization, medial rotation of humerus
125
What is the origin of the supraspinatus?
Supraspinous fossa
126
What is the insertion of the supraspinatus?
Greater tubercle of humerus
127
What nerve innervates the supraspinatus?
Suprascapular
128
What action does the supraspinatus perform?
Stabilization, abduction
129
What is the origin of the infraspinatus?
Infraspinous fossa of scapula
130
What is the insertion of the infraspinatus?
Greater tubercle of humerus
131
What nerve innervates the infraspinatus?
Suprascapular nerve
132
What action does the infraspinatus perform?
Stabilization, lateral rotation of humerus
133
What is the origin of the teres minor?
Lateral border of scapula
134
What is the insertion of the teres minor?
Greater tubercle of humerus
135
What nerve innervates the teres minor?
Axillary nerve
136
What action does the teres minor perform?
Stabilization, lateral rotation of humerus
137
What is the origin of the pec major?
Medial clavicle, sternum, cartilages of ribs 2-6
138
What is the insertion of the pec major?
Lateral lip of intertubercular groove
139
What nerve innervates the pec major?
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
140
What action does the pec major perform?
Horizontal adduction, medial rotation, flexion, extension, adduction
141
What is the origin of the coracobrachialis?
Coracoid process of scapula
142
What is the insertion of the coracobrachialis?
Medial shaft of humerus
143
What nerve innervates the coracobrachialis?
Musculocutaneous
144
What action does the coracobrachialis perform?
Shoulder flexion, adduction, horizontal adduction
145
What is the origin of the anterior delt?
Lateral clavicle
146
What is the insertion of the anterior delt?
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
147
What nerve innervates the anterior delt?
Axilary nerve
148
What action does the anterior delt perform?
Shoulder flexion, abduction, medial rotation, horizontal adduction
149
What is the origin of the teres major?
Inferior angle of scapula
150
What is the insertion of the teres major?
Medial lip of intertubercular groove
151
What nerve innervates the teres major?
Lower subscapular
152
What action does the teres major perform?
Extension, adduction, medial rotation, horizontal abduction
153
What is the origin of the posterior delt?
Spine of scapula
154
What is the insertion of the posterior delt?
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
155
What nerve innervates the posterior delt?
Axillary
156
What action does the posterior delt perform?
Extension, lateral rotation, abduction, horizontal abduction
157
What is the origin of the middle deltoid?
Acromion process of scapula
158
What is the insertion of the middle deltoid?
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
159
What nerve innervates the middle deltoid?
Axillary
160
What action does the middle deltoid perform?
Abduction
161
What is the origin of the serratus anterior?
Anterior shaft of ribs 1-9
162
What is the insertion of the serratus anterior?
Vertebral border of scapula
163
What nerve innervates the serratus anterior?
Long thoracic
164
What action does the serratus anterior perform?
Scapular abduction, upward rotation
165
What is the origin of the subclavis?
Medial first rib
166
What is the insertion of the subclavis?
Lateral clavicle
167
What nerve innervates the subclavis?
Subclavian
168
What action does the subclavis perform?
Downward rotation, abduction of scapula
169
What is the origin of the pec minor?
Ventral surfaces of ribs 3-5
170
What is the insertion of the pec minor?
Coracoid process of scapula
171
What nerve innervates the pec minor?
Medial pectoral
172
What action does the pec minor perform?
Downward rotation, abduction, anterior tilt, depression, and forced inspiration of ribs
173
How many vertebrae are there?
24
174
What is the breakdown of the vertebrae?
- 7 cervical
- 12 thoracic
- 5 lumbar
175
How many bones are in the sacrum?
5
176
How many bones are in the coccyx?
3-5
177
How many bones are in the vertebral column total?
33
178
What are the primary vertebral curves?
Thoracic and sacral
179
What are the secondary vertebral curves?
Cervical and lumbar
180
What type of joints are the vertebral joints?
Synovial gliding
181
What type of joints are the interevertebral discs?
Cartilaginous
182
What is the origin of the rectus abdominis?
Superior surface of pubis body
183
What is the insertion of the rectus abdominis?
Costal cartilages of ribs 5-7, xiphoid process of sternum
184
What nerve innervates the rectus abdominis?
Thoracic spinal nerves
185
What action does the rectus abdominins perform?
Flexion, compresses abdomen
186
What is the origin of the external abdominal oblique?
Ribs 5-12
187
What is the insertion of the external abdominal oblique?
Linea alba and iliac crest
188
What nerve innervates the external abdominal oblique?
Intercostal
189
What action does the external abdominal oblique perform?
Flexion, ipsilateral flexion, contralateral rotation, compresses abdomen
190
What is the origin of the internal abdominal oblique?
Lumbodorsal fascia and iliac crest
191
What is the insertion of the internal abdominal oblique?
Ribs 9-12, linea alba
192
What nerve innervates the internal abdominal oblique?
Intercostal
193
What action does the internal abdominal oblique perform?
Flexion, ipsilateral flexion, ipsilateral roataion, compresses abdomen
194
What is the origin of the transverse abdominis?
Lumbodorsal fascia, iliac crest
195
What is the insertion of the transverse abdominis?
Linea alba
196
What nerve innervates the transverse abdominis?
Intercostal nerve
197
What action does the transverse abdominis perform?
Compresses abdomen
198
What is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
Sternal end of clavicle and manubrium
199
What is the insertion of the sternocleidomastoid?
Mastoid process of temporal bone
200
What nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid?
Accessory (CN XI) and cervical spinal nerves
201
What action does the sternocleidomastoid perform?
Flexion, ipsilateral flexion, contralateral rotation
202
What is the origin of the psoas major?
Transverse processes of T12-L5
203
What is the insertion of the psoas major?
Lesser trochanter fo femur
204
What nerve innervates the psoas major?
L2-L4
205
What action does the Psoas major perform?
Hip flexion, anterior tilt of pelvis= lordosis of lumber vertebrae
206
What nerve innervates the erector spinae group?
Accessory N (CN XI)
207
What action does the erector spinae perform?
Extension and hyperextension, ipsilateral flexion, ipsilateral rotation
208
What is the origin of the quadratus lumborum?
Iliac crest
209
What is the insertion of the quadratus lumborum?
12th rib of transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
210
What nerve innervates the quadratus lumborum?
Thoracic and limbar spinal nerve
211
What action does the quadratus lumborum perform?
Ipsilateral flexion, depresses ribs
