Exam 3 Flashcards
(39 cards)
The presence of a Y chromosome in a
developing zygote triggers the synthesis of ____, which leads to the development of the testes.
SRY Protein
What are the gonads and what are the
hormones each produces?
Testes & Ovaries; Both produce Estrogens, Progestins, and Androgens
These hormones are derived from
cholesterol; are the most important for sexual development; and bind to DNA to control the expression of genes
Steroid Hormones
What are the two hormones released from the posterior pituitary and what does each control?
1) Vasopressin = facilitates water
reabsorption in the kidney ; “Anti Diuretic Hormone” (ADH)
2) Oxytocin = parental behavior;
contractions/milk let down reflex; “love”
What is the network of blood vessels leading from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary called?
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Portal System
What is HAES and what does it focus on?
Health at Every Size; Focus on Healthy
Lifestyles over Weight Loss
This type of thirst occurs as a result of
obligatory losses of water and is due to a change in concentration of salt.
Osmotic Thirst
This type of thirst occurs as a result of a significant decrease in overall volume of fluid.
Hypovolemic Thirst
____ is the theory of hunger which states that we eat to maintain energy.
____ is the theory of hunger which states that we eat because we have evolved to “crave” foods.
Set Point Theory, Positive Incentive Theory
What are the three phases of hunger and what are the insulin and glucagon levels at each?
1) Cephalic Phase (Anticipation): Insulin High, Glucagon Low
2) Absorptive Phase (Eating): Insulin High, Glucagon Low
3) Fasting Phase: Insulin Low, Glucagon High
A _____ is any biological process that cycles through changes in approximately 24 hours.
Circadian Rhythm
How long would the free-running circadian rhythm be in the absence of environmental cues?
25 Hours
_____ are environmental cues that control the timing of circadian rhythms
Zeitgebers
____ is a biological process that repeats more than once in a day
____ is a biological process that repeats less than once a day
Ultradian Rhythm, Infradian Rhythm
The process of shifting a biological rhythm is called ____.
Entrainment
What stage of sleep is also known as slow wave sleep?
Stage 3 Sleep
Emergent Stage 1 Sleep is also known as what?
REM Sleep
This stage of sleep is characterized by K complexes and sleep spindles.
Stage 2
True or False: You can sleepwalk during REM sleep.
False
This theory of dreaming states that dreams are our brain’s attempt at making sense of random activation in the cortex throughout the night.
Hobson’s Activation-Synthesis Theory
What are the 8 primary universal emotions?
Anger, Sadness, Happiness, Fear, Disgust, Surprise, Contempt, Embarrassment
This theory of emotions states that emotions are based on inferences about the causes of general physiological reactions.
Schacter & Singer Theory
What is the primary hormone implicated in aggression?
Androgens
This is the 3 stage physiological stress response that appears regardless of the stressor encountered, proposed by Han Selye.
Generalized Adaptation Syndrome
