Exam 4 (Final)

Question 1

The ________ hypothesis of depression suggests that depression is caused by insufficient activity of these types of neurons, with a major focus on NE (norepinephrine) and 5-HT (serotonin).

Answer 1

Monoamine

Question 2

This disorder is characterized by periods of depression alternating with periods of excessive expansive mood.

Answer 2

Bipolar Disorder

Question 3

A _______ is a disorder of psychological functioning sufficiently severe enough to require treatment by a psychiatrist, clinical/counseling psychologist, or other mental health professional.

Answer 3

Psychiatric Disorder

Question 4

Name 5 positive symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 4

1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Inappropriate Affect
4. Disorganized Speech and/or Thought
5. Disorganized or Catatonic Behavior

Question 5

This type of dementia is characterized by
additional symptoms that include
movement/balance issues, changes in
alertness, trouble sleeping, and visual
hallucinations.

Answer 5

Lewy Body Dementia

Question 6

__________ are a group of conditions due to
an impairment in physical, learning,
language, or behavior areas that begin
during the developmental period, may
impact day-to-day functioning, and usually
last throughout a person’s lifetime.

Answer 6

Developmental Disabilities

Question 7

This theory suggests that schizophrenia is
caused due to an excess of a specific
neurotransmitter.

Answer 7

Dopamine Theory

Question 8

Side effect caused by long term use of anti-psychotics, characterized by stiff, jerky movements of the face, mouth, and tongue

Answer 8

Tardive Dyskinesia

Question 8

The _______ suggests that people inherit the
potential to develop a disorder, such as
schizophrenia, but it may or may not be
activated by experience.

Answer 8

Diathesis-Stress Model

Question 9

This is the most common childhood motor
disability.

Answer 9

Cerebral Palsy

Question 10

Which is a stimulant medication; used in the
treatment of ADHD symptoms

Answer 10

Adderall

Question 11

This is a Selective Serotonin Reuptake
Inhibitor, used in the treatment of depression

Answer 11

Fluoxetine (Prozac)

Question 12

This is an agonist at a subtype of the
acetylcholine receptor

Answer 12

Nicotine

Question 13

This is a depression treatment inhibiting
degradation of monoamines thereby
increasing levels in the synapse

Answer 13

Iproniazid

Question 14

This is a typical anti-psychotic, originally
developed as an antihistamine

Answer 14

Chlorpromazine

Question 15

This is a ”dirty drug” that affects all major
neurotransmitter systems, including
increasing GABA and decreasing Glutamate

Answer 15

Alcohol

Question 16

This is a cannabinoid receptor agonist

Answer 16

Marijuana

Question 17

This is used to treat anxiety; it is one of the
most widely prescribed classes of
psychoactive drugs in the US

Answer 17

Valium

Question 18

Third Generation Anti-Psychotic; slightly less
effective than atypical anti-psychotics but
less risky side effects.

Answer 18

Aripiprazole (Abilify)

Question 19

Atypical Anti-Psychotic (2nd Generation);
reduces positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 19

Clozapine

Question 20

This is a drug that modifies behavior,
cognition, mood/emotion, or consciousness
through their action in their brain and/or
spinal cord.

Answer 20

Psychoactive Drug

Question 21

_______ occurs when the dose required to
produce a given effect increases (rightward
shift of the dose-effect curve)

Answer 21

Tolerance

Question 22

_______ occurs when the dose required to
produce a given effect decreases (leftward
shift of the dose effect curve)

Answer 22

Sensitization

Question 23

Define pharmacokinetics. What are the 4 aspects we look at when talking about pharmacokinetics?

Answer 23

(def) study of how the body affects a drug

1) Absorption/Route of Administration
2) Distribution
3) Biotransformation
4) Excretion

Question 24

The relationship between the effective dose of something and the potentially toxic dose is known as the _______

Answer 24

Therapeutic Index Equation: TI = LD50/ED50

Question 25

This theory of drug use states that drug use is a purposeful attempt by the user to remove painful affective states and manage psychological problems and disorders

Answer 25

Self-Medication Theory

Question 26

______ effects are always opposite to the drug effects, often worse than before ever using the drug.

Answer 26

Withdrawal

Question 27

The opioid triad is used to diagnose acute toxicity (overdose) of opioids. What are the symptoms we look for.

Answer 27

Respiratory Depression/Shallow Breathing Loss of Consciousness Pinpoint Pupils Treatment: Narcan

Question 28

All of the following are FDA approved treatments for alcohol abuse except which? A) Disulfiram (Antabuse) B) Naltrexone C) Chantix D) Acamprosate

Answer 28

C) Chantix

Question 29

This theory of addiction states that the positive value of a drug increases with use, leading individuals to wanting to seek and consume the drug. At the same time, the pleasurable effects of taking the drug are minimized. Essentially, the anticipated pleasure of taking the drug takes over as the driving force behind addiction.

Answer 29

Incentive-Sensitization Theory

Question 30

what are the 4 functions of behavior?

Answer 30

1) attention 2) access to tangibles 3) escape/avoid 4) automatic sensory

Question 31

What does “BCBA” stand for?

Answer 31

Board certified behavior analysis

Question 32

Pharmacodynamics (def)

Answer 32

Study of how a drug affects the body