Exam 3 Chapter 13

Question 1

The study of disease

Answer 1

Pathology

Question 2

The study of the cause of disease

Answer 2

Etiology

Question 3

The development of disease

Answer 3

Pathogenesis

Question 4

Colonization of the body by pathogens

Answer 4

Infection

Question 5

An abnormal state in which the body is no functioning normally

Answer 5

Disease

Question 6

_____ Microbiota may be present for days, weeks or months

Answer 6

Transient

Question 7

_____ Microbiota permanently colonizes the host

Answer 7

Normal

Question 8

_____ is the relationship between normal microbiota and the host

Answer 8

Symbiosis

Question 9

______ is a symbiosis when one organism benefits and the other is unaffectted

Answer 9

Commensalism

Question 10

_____ is a symbiosis when two organisms benefit

Answer 10

Mutualism

Question 11

_____ is a symbiosis when one organism benefits at the expense of another organism

Answer 11

Parasitism

Question 12

Microbial ______ is a competition between microbes

Answer 12

Anatagonism

Question 13

______ Microbial will protect their host by creating niches, acid and bateriogens

Answer 13

Normal

Question 14

_____ is a change in the body function that is felt by a patient as a result of a disease

Answer 14

Symptom

Question 15

A ___ is a change in the body that can be measured or observed as a result of a disease

Answer 15

Sign

Question 16

_____ is a specific group of signs and symptoms that accompany a disease

Answer 16

Syndrome

Question 17

_______ Disease is one that is spread from one host to another

Answer 17

Communicable

Question 18

______ Disease is one that is easily spread from one host to another (flu)

Answer 18

Contagious

Question 19

_______ is a disease that is not transmitted from one host another

Answer 19

Non Communicable

example:Tetnis

Question 20

Disease that constantly is present in a population (HIV, West Nile)

Answer 20

Endemic

Question 21

Disease acquired by many hosts in a given area in a short time

Answer 21

Epidemic

Question 22

Worldwide epidemic

Answer 22

Pandemic

Question 23

Immunity in most of the population is also known as

Answer 23

Herd immunity

Question 24

Fraction of the population having a specific disease at a specific time

Answer 24

Incidence

Question 25

Fraction of a population having specific disease at a given time

Answer 25

Prevalence

Question 26

Disease that occurs occasionally in a population

Answer 26

Sporadic

Question 27

Symptoms of this type of disease develop rapidly

Answer 27

Acute

Question 28

This is when a disease develops slowly

Answer 28

Chronic

Question 29

This is symptoms of a disease that are between acute and chronic

Answer 29

Subacute

Question 30

This is when a disease with a period of no symptoms when it is inactive

Answer 30

Latent

Question 31

Pathogens are limited to a small area of the body, this is known as

Answer 31

Local infection

Question 32

An infection throughout the body

Answer 32

Systemic

Question 33

Toxic inflammatory condition arising from the spread of microbes from a focus of infection

Answer 33

Sepsis

Question 34

This term is known as bacteria in the blood

Answer 34

Bacteremia

Question 35

Growth of bacteria in the blood is known as

Answer 35

Septioma

Question 36

This is the term for toxins in the blood

Answer 36

Toxemia

Question 37

This is known as viruses in the blood

Answer 37

Viremia

Question 38

Acute infection that causes the initial illness

Answer 38

Primary infection

Question 39

Opportunistic infection after a primary (predisposing) infection

Answer 39

Secondary infection

Question 40

No noticeable signs or symptoms (not knowing there is an infection)

Answer 40

Subclinical disease

Question 41

What most common reservoir of infection is found in humans?

Answer 41

HIV and Gonorrhea

Question 42

What is the most common animal reservoir ?

Answer 42

Rabies

Question 43

_____ transmission is the transmission of sickness through an inanimate reservoir

Answer 43

Vehicle

Question 44

This is a type of vehicle transmission that requires close contact such as kissing or shaking hands

Answer 44

Direct

Question 45

This is a type of vehicle transmission that is spread by fomites (door handle, pen)

Answer 45

Indirect

Question 46

This is a type of vehicle transmission that is airborne via droplets (cough or sneeze)

Answer 46

Droplet

Question 47

This is a type of vector that is carried on a body or feet of an arthopod

Answer 47

Mechanical Transmission

Question 48

This is the type of vector that is caused by an inserting biting someone

Answer 48

Biological transmission

Question 49

infectious dose of 50% of the test population

Answer 49

ID50

Question 50

lethal dose of a toxin of 50% of the test population

Answer 50

LD50

Question 51

Substance that contributes to pathogenicity

Answer 51

Toxin

Question 52

Ability to produce a toxin

Answer 52

Toxigenicity

Question 53

Presence of a toxin in the hosts blood

Answer 53

Toxemia

Question 54

Inactivated toxin used in a vaccine

Answer 54

Toxoid

Question 55

Antibodies against a specific toxin

Answer 55

Antitoxin