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Bio 2101 > Exam 3 Lab Practical > Flashcards

Exam 3 Lab Practical Flashcards

(89 cards)

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1
Q

5 types of bones

A

long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid

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2
Q

ex. of long bone

A

humerus

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3
Q

ex. of flat bone

A

sternum

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4
Q

ex. of short bone

A

wrist bone

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5
Q

ex. of irregular bone

A

vertebra

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6
Q

ex. of sesamoid bone

A

patella

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7
Q

depressions

A

allow passage of soft tissue, blood vessels, and nerves

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8
Q

proccesses

A

projections. help form joints or serve as attachment points for connective tissue

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9
Q

condyle

A

along joint surfaces. rounded knob that articulates with another bone

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10
Q

facet

A

smooth, flat, slightly concave/convex articular surface

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11
Q

process

A

any bony prominenece

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12
Q

ex. of process

A

mastoid process

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13
Q

trochanter

A

2 massive processes unique to the femur

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14
Q

tuberosity

A

sandpaper texture. rough, elevated surface

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15
Q

fossa

A

shallow, broad, or elongated basin. other bones can fit into here

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16
Q

fovea

A

small pit. prevents bone detachment. does NOT run all the way through bone

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17
Q

sulcus

A

groove for a tendon, nerve, or blood vessel

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18
Q

foramen

A

hole through a bone, usually round. soft tissue passage. once occupied by a nerve or blood vessel

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19
Q

meatus

A

a canal

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20
Q

cranial bones

A

1 frontal, 2 parietal, 2 temporal, 1 occipital, 1 sphenoid, 1 ethmoid

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21
Q

coronal suture

A

connect frontal bone to parietal bones. posterior boundary of frontal bone

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22
Q

parietal bones are bordered by 4 sutures

A

sagittal, coronal, lambdoid, squamous

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23
Q

sagittal suture

A

between parietal bones. usually flat and tiny

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24
Q

coronal suture

A

connect parietal and frontal bones

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25
lambdoid suture
attach parietal to occipital bones
26
squamous suture
attach parietal bones to temporal bones
27
temporal bones
form lateral walls and part of floor of cranial cavity. 4 parts: squamous, mastoid, tympanic, and petrous
28
styloid process
pointed spine. attachment for tongue, pharynx, and hyoid bone
29
zygomatic process
squamous part of temporal bones. forms part of zygomatic arch
30
mastoid process
prominent lump behind earlobe. filled with small air sinuses that communicate with middle ear cavity
31
external acoustic meatus
tympanic part of temporal bones. AKA ear canal. pointed spine on inferior surface, styloid process
32
occipital bone
forms the rear and base of skull
33
foramen magnum
opening for spinal cord
34
occipital condyles
knobs resting on spinal column
35
sphenoid bone
located at the anterior base of the skull
36
ethmoid bones
located between the eyes. contributed to medial wall of orbit, walls and roof of nasal cavity and nasal septum
37
perpendicular plate
superior 2/3 of nasal septum
38
crista galli
blade-like attachment for dura
39
cribiform plate
depressed area perforated with numerous holes; forms the roof of the nasal cavity
40
maxillae
largest facial bones. upper jaw and teeth. form most of the hard palate
41
zygomatic bones
form angels of cheekbones and part of each lateral orbital wall
42
mandible
lower jaw. strongest bone of skull and only one to noticeably move
43
body of the mandible
supports teeth
44
ramus of the mandible
articulates with cranium
45
angle of the mandible
where body meets ramus
46
coronoid process
anterior branch of ramus is this blade. point of insertion of temporalis muscle
47
temporalis muscle
pulls the mandible upward when you bite
48
condylar process
bears the mandibular condyle. an oval knob that articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone
49
palatine bones
have an L shape formed by a horizontal and perpendicular plate. each is marker by a large greater palatine foramen, nerve passage to the palate
50
hyoid bone
slender u-shaped bone between chin and larynx. does NOT articulate with any other bone
51
vertebral body
weight bearing
52
vertebral arch
pedicles and laminae
53
7 processes of vertebra
2 transverse, 1 spinous, 4 articular
54
intervertebral foramen
2 vertebral notches
55
intervertebral discs
between adjacent vertebrae absorbs vertical shock, fibrocartilaginous ring with pulpy center
56
atlas
1st cervical vertebra. supports the skull and head. skull sits directly on top of. large vertebral foramen and small spinous process. nods head yes
57
axis
second cervical vertebra. thin and delicate. large spinous process. moves head no
58
cervical vertebra
7
59
what is 7th cervical vertebra
vertebra prominens
60
transverse process on cervical vertebrae
shorter with transverse foramen for vertebral artery
61
thoracic vertebrae
12
62
ribs are attached at
thoracic vertebra
63
lumbar vertebrae
5
64
lumbar vertebra are
strongest and largest. short, thick spinous and transverse processes. lower back.
65
spine end around
lumbar 12
66
sacrum are
fused vertebra
67
coccyx
tailbone
68
sternum
breastbone. anterior to heart. ribs attach along scalloped lateral margins
69
ribs
12 pairs. attach to posterior thoracic vertebra. some hyaline cartilage
70
head of ribs
portion of rib that articulates with superior costal facets of thoracic vertebra
71
neck of ribs
barrow portion distal to the head
72
tubercle of ribs
bump next to rib. articulates with transverse proccesses
73
angle of ribs
where starts to bend
74
shaft
long, gentle sloping, blade-like portion of rib
75
the clavicle is apart of the
pectoral girdle
76
clavicle
braces shoulder, keeps arm away from midline, frequently fractured
77
the scapula is apart of the
pectoral girdle
78
scapula
acromion, coracoid process, glenoid cavity
79
acromion
scapula. plate-like extension of the spine
80
coracoid process
shaped like a bent finger. attachment for muscles and ligaments
81
glenoid cavity
shallow socket that articulates with the head of the humerus
82
radius
head, radial tuberosity for biceps, ulnar notch accommodates head of ulna
83
phalanges
bones of the fingers
84
the thumb has...
2 phalanges. proximal and distal phalanx
85
pelvic girdle
coxal bones, hip bone
86
femur
longest and strongest bone of the femur
87
tibia
medial and lateral condyles, tibial tuberosity, medial malleolus
88
fibula
lateral malleolus
89
tarsal bones
load-bearing. calcaneus, talus, phalanges and metatarsals

Bio 2101 (5 decks)

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