EXAM 3: Lower Limb

Question 1

Pelvic Girdle Function

Answer 1

• Supports organs in pelvis
• Connects axial and appendicular skeleton

Question 2

Pelvic Girdle Bones

Answer 2

Os Coxae (Hip bone)
1. Illium
2. Ishium
3. Pubis/Pubis bone
Sacrum

Question 3

Acetabulum

Answer 3

• Point of Fusion
• Where head of femur connects
• On Os coxae bone

Question 4

Ilium

Answer 4

• Part of Pelvic Girdle
• Has Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
• Where aorta splits

Question 5

Ischium

Answer 5

• Part of the Pelvic Girdle
• Has Ischial Tuberosity (sit spine)
• Most inferior

Question 6

Movements of the Hip

Answer 6

1. Circumduction
2. Adduction
3. Abduction
4. Hyperextend
5. Extend
   Flex

Question 7

Ligaments in the hip joint

Answer 7

1. Iliofemoral
2. Ischiofemoral
3. Pubofemoral

Question 8

What does the Iliofemoral ligament connect and its location?

Answer 8

Ilium to femur
anterior and superior

Question 9

What does the Ischiofemoral ligament connect and its location?

Answer 9

Ischium to femur
Posterior

Question 10

What does the Pubofemoral ligament connect and its location?

Answer 10

Pubis to femur
Anterior Inferior

Question 11

The acetabulum is the what of the hip?

Answer 11

Glenoid Cavity

Question 12

Proximal Structures of the femur

Answer 12

Head
Greater Trochanter
Lesser Trochanter
Gluteal Tuberosity

Question 13

Distal structures of the femur

Answer 13

• Medial/Lateral condyles (posterior, joint forming)
• Medial/Lateral epicondyles (lig/tendon attatchment)
• Patellar Surface

Question 14

Nerves of the Lower Limb

Answer 14

Femoral
Obturator
Sciatic
Tibial
Common Fibular
Inferior Gluteal

Question 15

What part is the “leg”

Answer 15

between ankle and knee (Calf/shin)

Question 16

Proximal Tibia Structures and functions

Answer 16

-Medial and Lateral Condyles (articulates with femur–> Knee Joint)
- Tibial Tuberosity (Articulates with head of fibula)

Question 17

Distal Tibia Structures and function

Answer 17

• Medial Malleolus (Articulates with fibula and talus)

Question 18

Where is the weight when standing?

Answer 18

On tibia and then into the ankle

Question 19

Does the fibula articulate with the femur?

Answer 19

Nope!

Question 20

Proximal Fibular Structures and functions

Answer 20

Head of Fibula (articulates with tibia)

Question 21

Distal Fibular Structures and function

Answer 21

Lateral malleolus (articulates with tibia and tallus)

Question 22

What are the bony connections of the knee joint?

Answer 22

• Medial and Lateral Condyles of Femur
• Medial and Lateral Condyles of Tibia

Question 23

What is the functions of mensici?

Answer 23

1. Absorbs shock
2. Prevents side to side movements when walking
3. Allows for flexion and extension

Question 24

Anterior Knee Joint Ligament

Answer 24

Patellar Ligament- Continuation of quads tendon

Question 25

What directional term describes the patellar ligament?

Answer 25

Anterior

Question 26

Medial and lateral knee joint ligaments and functions

Answer 26

Medial: Tibial Collateral Ligament Lateral: Fibular Collateral Ligament Function: Prevents adduction/abduction

Question 27

What directional term describes the Fibular Collateral ligament?

Answer 27

Lateral

Question 28

What directional term describes the Tibial Collateral ligament?

Answer 28

Medial

Question 29

Posterior Knee joint ligament and function

Answer 29

- Arcuate Popliteal - Oblique Popliteal Function: Prevent hyperextension

Question 30

What directional term describes the Arcuate popliteal ligament?

Answer 30

Posterior

Question 31

What directional term describes the Oblique Popliteal ligament?

Answer 31

Posterior

Question 32

Deep Knee Ligament and function

Answer 32

- Anterior Cruciate ligament - Posterior Cruciate ligament Function: Prevent anterior/posterior movement

Question 33

What directional term Anterior Cruciate ligament describes the ligament?

Answer 33

Deep

Question 34

What directional term Posterior Cruciate ligament describes the ligament?

Answer 34

Deep

Question 35

Which side of the knee is more vulnerable to horizontal blows?

Answer 35

Lateral side because it is less protected

Question 36

What is the unhappy triad?

Answer 36

Lateral Blow to the knee where a specific three structures are hurt. 1. Anterior Cruciate Ligament (weaker then PCL) 2. Tibial Collateral Ligament 3. Medial Menisicus

Question 37

What are the names of the tarsals?

Answer 37

- Calcaneus - Talus - Navicular - Cuboid - Cuneiform: Medial, Lateral and intermediate

Question 38

What are the movments of the ankle

Answer 38

Eversion (Away) Inversion( Towards) Plantarflexion Dorsiflexion

Question 39

What cutaneous spot does the Femoral Nerve let you feel?

Answer 39

Anterior thigh

Question 40

What cutaneous spot does the Obturator Nerve let you feel?

Answer 40

Medial Thigh

Question 41

What cutaneous spot does the Tibial Nerve let you feel?

Answer 41

Plantar surface of foot

Question 42

What cutaneous spot does the Common Fibular Nerve let you feel?

Answer 42

Dorsal surface of foot

Question 43

Cutaneous: Anterior Thigh Nerve?

Answer 43

Femoral Nerve

Question 44

Cutaneous: Medial Thigh Nerve?

Answer 44

Obturator Nerve

Question 45

Cutaneous: Planter surface of foot Nerve?

Answer 45

Tibial Nerve

Question 46

Cutaneous: Dorsal surface of foot Nerve?

Answer 46

Common Fibular Nerve

Question 47

Similarities and Differences between Pelvic and Pectoral Girdle

Answer 47

Sim: Connects axial to app skeleton Diff: Pelvic supports organs in pelvis

Question 48

Similarities and Differences between Hip/Shoulder

Answer 48

Sim: Flex, extend, hyperextend, adduct, abduct, circumduction Diff: GH: Mobile, can elevate and depress Hip: Stable, three strong ligaments, head locks to acetabulum

Question 49

Similarities and Differences between Elbow and Knee

Answer 49

Sim: Flex and extend Ligaments (colateral) prevents add/abd Diff: UL: can't hyper extend bc the bones LL: can't hyper extend bc posterior ligament

Question 50

Similarities and Differences between Proximal Humerus and Femur

Answer 50

Sim: Head Tuberosity Greater/Lesser - Tubercule - Trochanter Diff: Femur head is more prominant

Question 51

Similarities and Differences between Distal Humerus and Femur

Answer 51

Sim: Medial and Lateral Epicondyles Condyles: - LL: Medial and Lateral condyles - UL: Trochlea and Capitulum

Question 52

Similarities and Differences between ankle and Wrist

Answer 52

Sim: Phanalges (14) Metatarsals and carpals Short bones Diff: Carpals (8) Tarsals (7)