Final Exam Flashcards
(68 cards)
1
Q
Cephalic/Cranial
A
Head
2
Q
Cervicle
A
neck
3
Q
Thoracic
A
Chest region
4
Q
Axillary
A
Armpit
5
Q
Brachial Region
A
Shoulder to elbow
6
Q
Carpal
A
Wrist
7
Q
Tarsals
A
Ankle
8
Q
Pollex
A
Thumb
9
Q
hallux
A
Great toe
10
Q
Pedal Region
A
Foot
11
Q
Inguinal Region
A
Groin
12
Q
Buccal Region
A
Cheek
13
Q
Popliteal Region
A
Back of knee
14
Q
Palmer Region
A
Palm of hand
15
Q
Plantar Region
A
Bottom of foot
16
Q
Superior
A
Above
17
Q
Inferior
A
Below
18
Q
Deep
A
Inside
19
Q
Superficial
A
on skin
20
Q
Anterior
A
front
21
Q
Posterior
A
back
22
Q
Distal
A
by wrist
23
Q
Proximal
A
by shoulder
24
Q
What are the bone marking categories?
A
Opening for Blood Vessels and Nerves
Joint Forming
Site for ligament and tendon attachment
25
Opening for Blood Vessels and Nerves:
o Foramen
o Groove (Sulcus)
26
Joint Forming:
o Head
o Condyle
o Facet
27
Site for ligament and tendon attachment:
o Epicondyle
o Tubercle and Tuberosity (Small, large)
o Spinous Process
28
What bones are in the axial and appendicular skeleton
- Axial Skeleton: Spine, Skull and Ribcage
- Appendicular Skeleton: Upper and Lower limbs
29
Hearing versus Balance
1. Both have endolymph fluid that activates hair cells to convert to nerve impulses
2. Hearing: Cochlear Nerve; Balance; Vestibular Nerve
3. Both go to vestibulocochlear nerve
4. Hearing and balance both need bony and membranous labyrinths
5. Balance has vestibular complex
a. Vestibular complex: semi-circular canals and vestibules
30
Compare Pectoral and Pelvis Girdle
a. Pectoral: Clavicle and scapula
i. More flexible
b. Pelvis: Os Coxae (Ilium, Ishial, Pubis), Sacrum
i. More stable
31
Compare Glenohumeral versus Hip
a. Glenohumeral: shoulder, more mobile less stable
b. Hip: More stable less mobile, is deeper
32
Compare Elbow versus Knee
a. Only flex/extend
33
Compare Humerus versus femur:
a. Humerus: Has trochlea and capitulum; tubercules
b. Femur: Has patellar surface; trochanters
34
Compare Radius versus Fibula:
a. Lateral and Smaller
35
Compare Ulna versus Tibia
a. Medial and Larger
36
Serous Membranes: Pericardium
o Organ: Heart
o Layers: Visceral and Parietal Pericardium
37
Serous Membranes: Pleural
o Organ: Lungs
o Layers: Parietal Pleura
38
Serous Membranes: Peritoneum
o Organ: Abdomen
o Layers: Visceral and Parietal Peritoneum
39
Serous Membranes: Tunica Vignalis
o Organ: Male Reproductive
o Layers: Visceral and Parietal layer
40
Mesenteries in the female reproductive
Mesovarium: Ovaries
Mesosalpinx: Fallopian Tubes
Broad Ligaments: Uterus
41
Mesenteries in the abdomen
Mesentery proper: Small Intestines
Greater Omentum: Stomach
Mesocolon: Large intestine
42
Systemic Circulation
Systemic:
o Body Systems
o Blood starts at heart and moves to body then back to heart
43
Pulmonary circulation
Brings blood to lungs for gas exchange
Heart to lungs back to heart
44
Venus System
- Blood is carried to heart
- Typically deoxygenated
45
Arterial System
- Carries Blood away from heart
- Typically carries oxygenated blood
- Muscles in walls pump blood to organs against gravity
46
Light Pathway
Cornea
Pupil
Lens
Retina
Optic Nerve
Occipital Lobe
47
Respiratory Pathway
Nasal Cavity
Pharynx
Naso, Oro, Laryngo
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
1,2,3, Bronchioles
Alveoli
Capillaries
48
Hearing Pathway
Auricle
External Auditory Meatus
Tympanic Membrane
Malleus
Incus
Stapes
Cochlea (becomes nerve impulse)
Cochlear Nerve
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
Temporal
49
Urinary Pathway
Urine formed in Nephron
Minor calyx
Major calyx
Renal Pelvis
Ureter
Bladder
Urethra
Male:
Prostatic
Membranous
Spongy
50
Female Reproductive Pathway
Ovaries
Fallopian Tubes
Uterus
*Cervix*
Vagina
51
Male Reproductive
Testes
*Tunica Vaginalis*
Epididymis
Ductus Deference
Ejaculatory Duct
Urethra
Prostatic (Prostate gland adds mucin)
Membranous
Penile (Bulbourethral gland adds mucin)
52
Digestion Pathway
Mouth/Oro/laryngo pharynx
Esophagus
*Cardiac Sphincter
Stomach (Cardia, fundus, body, pylorus)
*Pyloric Sphincter
Small Intestine (D, J, I)
*Ileocecal valve
Large Intestine
Cecum, appendix, Ascending, Transverse,
Descending colon
Sigmoid
Rectum
Anus
53
Blood Through Heart
Superior/Inferior Vena Cava
Right Atrium
Tricuspid Valve
Right Ventricle
Pulmonary Semilunar valve
Pulmonary trunk
Pulmonary arteries
Lungs
Pulmonary veins
Left Atrium
Bicuspid Valve
Left Ventricle
Aortic Semi Lunar Valve
Aorta
Body
54
Frontal Bone
- Unpaired
- Location: Anterior
- Special: helps to form orbit
55
Temporal Bone
- Paired
- Location: lateral
- Special: part of zygomatic arch (cheekbone); part of temporomandibular joint
56
Occipital Bone
- Unpaired
- Location: Posterior; base
- Special: has foramen magnum
57
Parietal Bone
- Paired
- Location: Superior; lateral
- Special: N/A
58
Ethmoid Bone
- Unpaired
- Location: Deep
- Special: Helps form orbit, nasal conchae, and nasal septum
59
Sphenoid Bone
- Unpaired
- Location: Deep
- Special: Helps form orbit; Articulates with all other cranial bones
60
What are the cranial bones
1. Frontal
2. Temporal
3. Occipital
4. Parietal
5. Ethmoid
6. Sphenoid
61
What are the facial bones
1. Manidble
2. Maxillary
3. Zygomatic
4. Palatine
5. Nasal
6. Lacrimal
7. Vomer
62
Mandible
- Unpaired
- Location: Jawbone
- Special: part of temporomandibular joint
63
Maxillary
- Paired
- Location: Central
- Special: Articulated with other facial bones but not the mandible; part of hard palate: anterior
64
Zygomatic
- Paired
- Location: Cheekbone
- Special: Part of zygomatic arch and orbit
65
Palatine
- Paired
- Location: Oral Cavity
- Special: Hard palate: Posterior
66
Nasal
- Paired
- Location: Bridge of nose
- Special: N/A
67
Lacrimal
- Paired
- Location: Medial orbit
- Special: Part of orbit; contains lacrimal fossa
68
Vomer
- Unpaired
- Location: Nasal cavity
- Special: helps form nasal septum
