exam #4

Question 1

Red queen hypothesis

Answer 1

describes why sexual reproduction is advantageous to co-evolving competing species

Question 2

in humans and most animals the “body cells” are ____ and are called ____

Answer 2

Diploid; somatic cells

Question 3

One specialized diploid cell that undergoes meiosis will result in;

Answer 3

Four haploid daughter cells

Question 4

true:

Answer 4

meiosis results in genetically unique daughter cells

Question 5

the fact that males can only have one allele for any X-linked gene is best described as:

Answer 5

Hemizygosity

Question 6

Huntingtons Disease is an example of:

Answer 6

Dominant lethal

Question 7

no matter which of the seven characteristics Mendel individually examined, when he allowed the F1 generation to self-pollinate, the F2 generation displayed with phenotypic ratio?

Answer 7

3:1 - dominant recessive trait

Question 8

Gregor Mendel used parental plants that were “true” breeding. Today we understand this meant that the genotype of both plants in his P0 generation were:

Answer 8

Homozygous

Question 9

The most common combination of alleles that exist in that population is known as the:

Answer 9

wild-type

Question 10

What explains the fact that in a minority of offspring, the two traits separated?

Answer 10

Homologous recombination and independent assortment

Question 11

Genes that are physically close to one another on the same chromosome are more likely to be inherited together. This is called:

Answer 11

Genetic Linkage

Question 12

What type of chromosomal defect is linked to schizophrenia

Answer 12

Translocation

Question 13

X- inactivation

Answer 13

how females avoid excess gene dose

Question 14

Euploid

Answer 14

organism with a normal number of chromosomes

Question 15

Synapsis

Answer 15

the tight pairing of individual sister chromatids in interphase

Question 16

at the end of meiosis 1 the daughter cells are

Answer 16

haploid

Question 17

Fertilization

Answer 17

union of haploid gamete cells to form a diploid zygote

Question 18

what causes cri du chat

Answer 18

a missing section on a particular chromosome known as Chromosome 5

Question 19

characteristics of critical du chat

Answer 19

intellectual disability and delayed development, small head size (microcephaly ), low birth weight, and weak muscle tone (hypotonia) in infancy

Question 20

Trimple x syndrome

Answer 20

genetic condition in females where there is an extra X chromosome in each cell

Question 21

triple x characteristics

Answer 21

developmental delays, learning difficulties

Question 22

Klinefelter syndrome

Answer 22

genetic condition in males characterized by an extra X chromosome

Question 23

klinefelter characteristics

Answer 23

small testes, reduced testosterone production, delayed or incomplete puberty, and increased risk of breast enlargement (gynecomastia)

Question 24

klinefelter genotype

Answer 24

xxy

Question 25

triple x genotype

Answer 25

xxx

Question 26

cri du chat genotype

Answer 26

5p-

Question 27

turner syndrome

Answer 27

affecting females where one of the two X chromosomes is missing or partially missing