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Principles of Microbiology > EXAM 4 CHAPTER 25 > Flashcards

EXAM 4 CHAPTER 25 Flashcards

1
Q

What is septicemia?

A

The growth of bacteria in the blood

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2
Q

What is bacteremia?

A

The presence of bacteria in the blood

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3
Q

What is septic shock

A

When your blood pressure drops to a dangerously low level after an infection

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4
Q

What causes septic shock?

A

Pro-inflammatory cytokines in circulation at high enough concentrations to cause systemic tight junction leakiness.

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5
Q

What does septic shock lead to?

A

Loss of blood volume and pressure

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6
Q

What is the most common agent of osteomyelitis and why is it so hard to treat?

A

S. aureus. Penetration of antibiotics into this area is low.

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7
Q

What is the disease gas gangrene caused by?

A

Clostridium perfringens

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8
Q

What is the disease cat scratch disease caused by?

A

Bartonella henselae

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9
Q

What is the disease plague caused by?

A

Yersinia pestis

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10
Q

What is the disease epidemic typhus caused by?

A

Rickettsia prowazekii

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11
Q

What is the disease lyme disease caused by?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

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12
Q

What is the disease rocky mountain spotted fever caused by?

A

Rickettsia rickettsia

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13
Q

What is the disease malaria caused by?

A

Apicomplexan species of plasmodium.

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14
Q

What is the agent of infectious mononucleosis

A

EBV. HIV and malaria patients at risk for a B cell lymphoma called Burkitt Lymphoma.

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15
Q

Symptoms of infectious mononucleosis

A

Pharyngitis, fever, fatigue, lymph node swelling

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16
Q

Stages of HIV infection

A

Stage 1 - Infection phase. 2-4 weeks after infection, flu like symptoms develop for a few weeks. More than 500 T cells

Stage 2 - dormant phase. Can last a decade to a few decades depending on antiretrovirals. 200-499 T cells

Stage 3 - AIDS. T cells below 200. Severe symptoms, death, rare cancers, opportunistic infections

17
Q

What cells are infected by HIV?

A

T cells

18
Q

Why are secondary infections so common in HIV patients?

A

The immune system is severely damaged and compromised and unable to defend efficiently vs pathogens.

Principles of Microbiology (16 decks)

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