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OTC > Exam 4 - Constipation Products > Flashcards

Exam 4 - Constipation Products Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Methylcellulose

A

Bulk forming agent

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2
Q

Calcium polycarbophil

A

Bulk forming agent

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3
Q

Psyllium

A

Bulk forming agent

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4
Q

Onset of action for bulk forming agents

A

12-24 hours; may take up to 72 hours

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5
Q

Adverse reactions of bulk forming agents

A

Abdominal cramping and flatulence

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6
Q

Drug-drug interactions of bulk forming agents

A

Interferes w/ absorption of:
- digoxin
- anticoagulants
- salicylates
- others

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7
Q

How to manage drug-drug interactions w/ bulk forming agents

A

Separate dosing by at least 2 hours

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8
Q

Polyethylene glycol (PEG)

A

Hyperosmotic agent

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8
Q

Glycerin

A

Hyperosmotic agent

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9
Q

Onset of action for PEG

A

12-72 hours; may take up to 96 hours

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10
Q

Onset of action for glycerin

A

15-30 min

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10
Q

Onset of action for docusate sodium/calcium

A

Oral: 12-72 hrs; may take up to 3-5 days

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10
Q

Adverse reactions of glycerin

A

Rectal irritation possible w/ overdose

Avoid in people who have pre-existing rectal irritation

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10
Q

Adverse reactions of PEG

A

Bloating
Abdominal discomfort
Flatulence

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11
Q

Docusate sodium/calcium

A

Emollient agents (stool softeners)

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12
Q

Drug-drug interactions w/ docusate sodium/calcium

A

Increases absorption of mineral oil

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13
Q

Management of drug interactions for docusate sodium/calcium

A

Do not use concurrently

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13
Q

Adverse reactions of mineral oil

A

Caution due to aspiration (lipoid pneumonia)

May impair absorption of fat soluble vitamins

Larger than recommended doses can cause oil leakage through anal sphincter and anal itching

Do NOT use in patients:
- younger than 6 years
- pregnant
- immobile
- difficulty swallowing
- older adults

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14
Q

Mineral oil

A

Lubricant agent

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15
Q

Onset of action for mineral oil

A

Oral: 6-8 hrs
Rectal: 5-15 min

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16
Q

Drug-drug interactions of mineral oil

A

Docusate increases absorption of mineral oil

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17
Q

Management of drug-drug interactions w/ mineral oil

A

Do not use concurrently w/ docusate

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18
Q

Magnesium citrate

A

Saline laxative

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19
Q

Magnesium hydroxide

A

Saline laxative

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20
Monobasic sodium
Saline laxative
21
Monobasic sodium phosphate/dibasic sodium phosphate
Saline laxative
22
Onset of action for saline laxatives
Magnesium hydroxide oral: 30 min - 6 hours Magnesium citrate (for catharsis) oral: 30 min - 3 hours Magnesium citrate rectal: 2-15 min
23
Adverse reactions for saline laxatives
Magnesium sulfate should NOT be used as a laxative (there are safer products) ADRs: - abdominal cramping - nausea - vomiting - dehydration
24
Magnesium citrate drug-drug interactions
May cause decreased drug absorption of fluoroquinolone and tetracycline antibiotics
25
Management of drug-drug interactions w/ magnesium citrate
Avoid taking within 1-3 hrs of ingestion of tetracyclines or quinolones
26
Magnesium hydroxide drug-drug interactions
Tetracyclines Quinolones Ketoconazole Captopril some oral Bisphosphates Cefdinir Rosuvastatin Iron salts Phenthiazines Phenytoin Levothyroxine Itraconazole Nitrofurantoin Gabapentin (The Queen/King Can Be CRIPPLING) Decrease in oral bioavailability and/or extent of drug absorption
27
Management of drug-drug interactions w/ magnesium hydroxide
Separate by at least 2 hours Avoid for at least 4 hours before and up to 3 hrs after ingestion of interacting agent
28
Senna
Stimulant laxative
29
Bisacodyl
Stimulant laxative
30
Castor oil
Stimulant laxative
31
Onset of action of stimulant laxative
Oral: 6-10 hours but may take up to 24 hrs Rectal: bisacodyl suppsoitories 15-20 min
32
ADRs for stimulant laxatives
Major hazards: - severe cramping - electrolyte and fluid deficiencies - malabsorption - hypokalemia High doses: - cramping - increases mucus secretion
32
Drug-drug interactions w/ saline laxatives
Milk products/products that raise gastric pH (ie PPIs) These cause premature dissolution of bisacodyl/enteric coating, which leads to gastric irritation and dyspepsia
33
Dosage form/strength of polyethylene glycol
Powder 17 g/capful
33
Management of drug-drug interactions w/ saline laxatives
Avoid milk or other interacting drugs within 1 hr before or after bisacodyl
34
Adults/children 12 years and up; PEG
17 g in 4-8 oz of beverage once daily in adults and children 17+ years of age
35
Children 6-12 years of age: PEG
Not recommended for children younger than 17 EXCEPT under PCP advice
36
Children 2-6 years of age: PEG
Not recommended for children younger than 17 EXCEPT under PCP advice
37
Dosage forms/strength of glycerin
Rectal solid suppository: 2 g Pediatric solid suppository: 1 g
38
Adults and children 12+ years: glycerin
1 suppository (2 g) or as directed by a PCP
39
Children 6-12 years of age: glycerin
1 suppository (2 g) or as directed by a PCP
40
Children 2-6 years of age: glycerin
2 g: not recommended for children younger than 6 years EXCEPT under PCP advice 1 g: 1 suppository or as directed by PCP
41
Dosage form/strength: docusate sodium
Capsules 50 mg and 100 mg
42
Adults and children older than 12 years: docusate sodium
50 - 300 mg daily in single or divided doses
43
Children 6-12 years of age: docusate sodium
50 - 150 mg daily in single or divided doses
44
Children 2-6 years of age: docusate sodium
50-150 mg daily in single or divided doses
45
Dosage form/strength: docusate calcium
Capsule 240 mg
46
Adults and children 12 years of age and older: docusate calcium
1 capsule daily for several days or until bowel movements are normal
47
Children 6-12 years of age: docusate calcium
NOT recommended for children under 12 EXCEPT under PCP advice
48
Children 2-6 years of age: docusate calcium
NOT recommended for children under the age of 6 except under the advice of a PCP
49
Dosage form/strength: magnesium hydroxide
Liquid: 400 mg/5 mL Concentrated liquid: 2400 mg/15 mL
50
Adults and children 12 years and older: magnesium hydroxide LIQUID
2-4 tbsp (30-60 mL) daily as single or divided doses
51
Children 6-12 years of age: magnesium hydroxide LIQUID
1-2 tbsp (15-30 mL) daily as single or divided doses
52
Children 2-6 years of age: magnesium hydroxide LIQUID
NOT recommended for children younger than 6 years EXCEPT under PCP advice
53
Adults and children older than 12 years: magnesium hydroxide CONCENTRATED liquid
1-2 tbsp (15-30 mL) daily as single or divided doses
54
Children 6-12 years of age: magnesium hydroxide CONCENTRATED liquid
1/2 - 1 tbsp (7.7-15 mL) daily as single or divided doses
55
Children 2-6 years of age: magnesium CONCENTRATED liquid
NOT recommended for children under 6 years EXCEPT under PCP advice
56
Dosage form/strength: senna
Tablets 8.6 mg sennosides
57
Adults and children 12 years and older: senna
Starting dose of 2 tabs once daily MAXIMUM dose: 4 tablets BID
58
Children 6-12 years: senna
Starting dose of 1 tablet once daily MAXIMUM dose: 2 tabs BID
59
Children 2-6 years of age: senna
Starting dose of 1/2 tablet once daily MAXIMUM dose: 1 tab BID
60
Dosage form/strength: bisacodyl
Tablets: 5 mg Rectal solid suppository: 10 mg
61
Adults and children 12+ years: bisacodyl TABLETS
1-3 tabs (usually 2) once daily
62
Children 6-12 years: bisacodyl TABLETS
1 tab daily
63
Children 2-6 years of age: bisacodyl TABLETS
NOT recommended for children under the age of 6 EXCEPT under advice of a PCP
64
Adults and children 12+ years: bisacodyl SUPPOSITORY
1 supp in a single daily dose
65
Children 6-12 years of age: bisacodyl SUPPOSITORY
1/2 suppository in a single daily dose
66
Children 2-6 years of age: bisacodyl SUPPOSITORY
NOT recommended for children under the age of 6 EXCEPT under PCP advice

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