Exam 4 Drugs Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Exam 4 Drugs Deck (85)
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1
Q

Metformin

A

Biguanide
Decrease hepatic glucose production; increase insulin sensitivity
First line

2
Q

Glyburide

A

Sulfonylurea (2nd generation)

Increase insulin secretion

3
Q

Glipizide

A

Sulfonylurea (2nd generation)

Increase insulin secretion

4
Q

Glimepiride

A

Sulfonylurea (2nd generation)

Increase insulin secretion

5
Q

Repaglinide

A

Meglitinide

Increase insulin secretion

6
Q

Nateglinide

A

Meglitinide

Increase insulin secretion

7
Q

Acarbose

A

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Slow carbohydrate digestion/absorption

8
Q

Miglitol

A

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Slow carbohydrate digestion/absorption

9
Q

Pioglitazone

A

Thiazolindinedione (TZD)

Increase insulin sensitivity

10
Q

Rosiglitazone

A

Thiazolindinedione (TZD)

Increase insulin sensitivity

11
Q

Alogliptin

A

DPP-4 inhibitor

Inhibits breakdown of endogenous GLP-1 (incretin); glucose dependent increase in insulin and decrease in glucagon

12
Q

Linagliptin

A

DPP-4 inhibitor

Inhibits breakdown of endogenous GLP-1 (incretin); glucose dependent increase in insulin and decrease in glucagon

13
Q

Saxagliptin

A

DPP-4 inhibitor

Inhibits breakdown of endogenous GLP-1 (incretin); glucose dependent increase in insulin and decrease in glucagon

14
Q

Sitagliptin

A

DPP-4 inhibitor

Inhibits breakdown of endogenous GLP-1 (incretin); glucose dependent increase in insulin and decrease in glucagon

15
Q

Canagliflozin

A

SGLT-2 inhibitor

Blocks glucose reabsorption in kidney

16
Q

Dapagliflozin

A

SGLT-2 inhibitor

Blocks glucose reabsorption in kidney

17
Q

Empagliflozin

A

SGLT-2 inhibitor

Blocks glucose reabsorption in kidney

18
Q

Ertugliflozin

A

SGLT-2 inhibitor

Blocks glucose reabsorption in kidney

19
Q

Colesevelam

A

Bile acid sequestrant

20
Q

Bromocriptine (quick release)

A

Dopamine-2 agonist

Increase insulin sensitivity

21
Q

Exenatide

A

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

22
Q

Exenatide ER

A

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

23
Q

Liraglutide

A

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

24
Q

Lixisenatide

A

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

25
Q

Dulaglutide

A

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

26
Q

Semaglutide

A

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

27
Q

Pramlintide

A

Amylin mimetic

Decrease glucagon, increase satiety

28
Q

Ethinyl estradiol

A

Estrogen

29
Q

Mestranol

A

Estrogen

30
Q

Norgestrel

A

Progestin

31
Q

Levonorgestrel

A

Progestin

32
Q

Norethindrone

A

Progestin (can be used in HRT)

33
Q

Ethynodiol

A

Progestin

34
Q

Norgestimate

A

Progestin

35
Q

Desogestrel

A

Progestin

36
Q

Drospirenone

A

Progestin (synthetic) and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist

37
Q

Ethinyl estradiol + norelgesttromin

A

Transdermal patch; estrogen + progestin combo

38
Q

Ethinyl estradiol + etonogestrel

A

Intravaginal ring; estrogen + progestin combo

39
Q

Levonorgestrel

A

Progesterone-only IUD (Skyla q3 yrs, Liletta q4 yrs, Mirena/Kyleena q5 yrs)

40
Q

Etonogestrel

A

Progesterone only subdermal implant

41
Q

Medroxyprogesterone

A

Progestin for HRT or progesterone only injection (IM/SC) (Depo-Provera q 3 months)

42
Q

Mifepristone

A

Glucocorticoid receptor antagonist (postcoital contraception)

43
Q

Estradiol

A

Estrogen used in HRT

44
Q

Progesterone

A

Progestin used in HRT

45
Q

Prometrium

A

Progesterone (oral)

46
Q

Raloxifene

A

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)

47
Q

Tamoxifen

A

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)

48
Q

Bazedoxifene

A

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)

49
Q

Anastrozole

A

Aromatase inhibitor (reversible, nonsteroidal)

50
Q

Letrozole

A

Aromatase inhibitor (reversible, nonsteroidal)

51
Q

Exemestane

A

Aromatase inhibitor (irreversible, steroidal)

52
Q

Fulvestrant

A

Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator (SERD)

53
Q

Testosterone

A

Principal androgen

Used in HRT

54
Q

Depo-testosterone

A

IM HRT

55
Q

Androderm patch

A

Transdermal HRT

56
Q

Androgel

A

Topical HRT

57
Q

Testim

A

Topical HRT

58
Q

Axiron

A

Topical HRT

59
Q

Vogelxo

A

Topical HRT

60
Q

Methyltestosterone

A

Oral synthetic testosterone

61
Q

Oxandrolone

A

Anabolic androgen

62
Q

Oxymetholone

A

Anabolic androgen

63
Q

Finasteride

A

5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor

64
Q

Dutasteride

A

5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor

65
Q

Enzalutamide

A

Androgen receptor antagonist

66
Q

Flutamide

A

Androgen receptor antagonist

67
Q

Bicalutamide

A

Androgen receptor antagonist

68
Q

Nilutamide

A

Androgen receptor antagonist

69
Q

Abarelix

A

GnRH receptor antagonist

70
Q

Degarelix

A

GnRH receptor antagonist

71
Q

Leuprolide

A

GnRH receptor agonist

72
Q

Goserelin

A

GnRH receptor agonist

73
Q

Histrelin

A

GnRH receptor agonist

74
Q

Triptorelin

A

GnRH receptor agonist

75
Q

Aspart

A

Rapid acting insulin

76
Q

Humulin-R

A

Short acting regular insulin (available as U100 or U500, diff. PK)

77
Q

Novolin-N

A

Intermediate acting NHP insulin

78
Q

Glargine

A

Long acting insulin (available as U100 or U300, diff. PK)

79
Q

Detemir

A

Long acting insulin

80
Q

Glulisine

A

Rapid acting insulin

81
Q

Lispro

A

Rapid acting insulin

82
Q

Novolin-R

A

Short acting regular insulin

83
Q

Afrezza

A

Inhaled rapid acting insulin

84
Q

Humulin-N

A

Intermediate acting NPH insulin

85
Q

Degludec

A

Ultra long acting insulin