Exam 4 Drugs

Question 1

Metformin

Answer 1

Biguanide
Decrease hepatic glucose production; increase insulin sensitivity
First line

Question 2

Glyburide

Answer 2

Sulfonylurea (2nd generation)

Increase insulin secretion

Question 3

Glipizide

Answer 3

Sulfonylurea (2nd generation)

Increase insulin secretion

Question 4

Glimepiride

Answer 4

Sulfonylurea (2nd generation)

Increase insulin secretion

Question 5

Repaglinide

Answer 5

Meglitinide

Increase insulin secretion

Question 6

Nateglinide

Answer 6

Meglitinide

Increase insulin secretion

Question 7

Acarbose

Answer 7

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Slow carbohydrate digestion/absorption

Question 8

Miglitol

Answer 8

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Slow carbohydrate digestion/absorption

Question 9

Pioglitazone

Answer 9

Thiazolindinedione (TZD)

Increase insulin sensitivity

Question 10

Rosiglitazone

Answer 10

Thiazolindinedione (TZD)

Increase insulin sensitivity

Question 11

Alogliptin

Answer 11

DPP-4 inhibitor

Inhibits breakdown of endogenous GLP-1 (incretin); glucose dependent increase in insulin and decrease in glucagon

Question 12

Linagliptin

Answer 12

DPP-4 inhibitor

Inhibits breakdown of endogenous GLP-1 (incretin); glucose dependent increase in insulin and decrease in glucagon

Question 13

Saxagliptin

Answer 13

DPP-4 inhibitor

Inhibits breakdown of endogenous GLP-1 (incretin); glucose dependent increase in insulin and decrease in glucagon

Question 14

Sitagliptin

Answer 14

DPP-4 inhibitor

Inhibits breakdown of endogenous GLP-1 (incretin); glucose dependent increase in insulin and decrease in glucagon

Question 15

Canagliflozin

Answer 15

SGLT-2 inhibitor

Blocks glucose reabsorption in kidney

Question 16

Dapagliflozin

Answer 16

SGLT-2 inhibitor

Blocks glucose reabsorption in kidney

Question 17

Empagliflozin

Answer 17

SGLT-2 inhibitor

Blocks glucose reabsorption in kidney

Question 18

Ertugliflozin

Answer 18

SGLT-2 inhibitor

Blocks glucose reabsorption in kidney

Question 19

Colesevelam

Answer 19

Bile acid sequestrant

Question 20

Bromocriptine (quick release)

Answer 20

Dopamine-2 agonist

Increase insulin sensitivity

Question 21

Exenatide

Answer 21

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

Question 22

Exenatide ER

Answer 22

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

Question 23

Liraglutide

Answer 23

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

Question 24

Lixisenatide

Answer 24

GLP-1 receptor agonist

Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

Question 25

Dulaglutide

Answer 25

GLP-1 receptor agonist | Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

Question 26

Semaglutide

Answer 26

GLP-1 receptor agonist | Exogenous GLP-1; glucose dependent increase in insulin secretion + decrease in glucagon

Question 27

Pramlintide

Answer 27

Amylin mimetic | Decrease glucagon, increase satiety

Question 28

Ethinyl estradiol

Answer 28

Estrogen

Question 29

Mestranol

Answer 29

Estrogen

Question 30

Norgestrel

Answer 30

Progestin

Question 31

Levonorgestrel

Answer 31

Progestin

Question 32

Norethindrone

Answer 32

Progestin (can be used in HRT)

Question 33

Ethynodiol

Answer 33

Progestin

Question 34

Norgestimate

Answer 34

Progestin

Question 35

Desogestrel

Answer 35

Progestin

Question 36

Drospirenone

Answer 36

Progestin (synthetic) and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist

Question 37

Ethinyl estradiol + norelgesttromin

Answer 37

Transdermal patch; estrogen + progestin combo

Question 38

Ethinyl estradiol + etonogestrel

Answer 38

Intravaginal ring; estrogen + progestin combo

Question 39

Levonorgestrel

Answer 39

Progesterone-only IUD (Skyla q3 yrs, Liletta q4 yrs, Mirena/Kyleena q5 yrs)

Question 40

Etonogestrel

Answer 40

Progesterone only subdermal implant

Question 41

Medroxyprogesterone

Answer 41

Progestin for HRT or progesterone only injection (IM/SC) (Depo-Provera q 3 months)

Question 42

Mifepristone

Answer 42

Glucocorticoid receptor antagonist (postcoital contraception)

Question 43

Estradiol

Answer 43

Estrogen used in HRT

Question 44

Progesterone

Answer 44

Progestin used in HRT

Question 45

Prometrium

Answer 45

Progesterone (oral)

Question 46

Raloxifene

Answer 46

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)

Question 47

Tamoxifen

Answer 47

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)

Question 48

Bazedoxifene

Answer 48

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)

Question 49

Anastrozole

Answer 49

Aromatase inhibitor (reversible, nonsteroidal)

Question 50

Letrozole

Answer 50

Aromatase inhibitor (reversible, nonsteroidal)

Question 51

Exemestane

Answer 51

Aromatase inhibitor (irreversible, steroidal)

Question 52

Fulvestrant

Answer 52

Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator (SERD)

Question 53

Testosterone

Answer 53

Principal androgen | Used in HRT

Question 54

Depo-testosterone

Answer 54

IM HRT

Question 55

Androderm patch

Answer 55

Transdermal HRT

Question 56

Androgel

Answer 56

Topical HRT

Question 57

Testim

Answer 57

Topical HRT

Question 58

Axiron

Answer 58

Topical HRT

Question 59

Vogelxo

Answer 59

Topical HRT

Question 60

Methyltestosterone

Answer 60

Oral synthetic testosterone

Question 61

Oxandrolone

Answer 61

Anabolic androgen

Question 62

Oxymetholone

Answer 62

Anabolic androgen

Question 63

Finasteride

Answer 63

5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor

Question 64

Dutasteride

Answer 64

5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor

Question 65

Enzalutamide

Answer 65

Androgen receptor antagonist

Question 66

Flutamide

Answer 66

Androgen receptor antagonist

Question 67

Bicalutamide

Answer 67

Androgen receptor antagonist

Question 68

Nilutamide

Answer 68

Androgen receptor antagonist

Question 69

Abarelix

Answer 69

GnRH receptor antagonist

Question 70

Degarelix

Answer 70

GnRH receptor antagonist

Question 71

Leuprolide

Answer 71

GnRH receptor agonist

Question 72

Goserelin

Answer 72

GnRH receptor agonist

Question 73

Histrelin

Answer 73

GnRH receptor agonist

Question 74

Triptorelin

Answer 74

GnRH receptor agonist

Question 75

Aspart

Answer 75

Rapid acting insulin

Question 76

Humulin-R

Answer 76

Short acting regular insulin (available as U100 or U500, diff. PK)

Question 77

Novolin-N

Answer 77

Intermediate acting NHP insulin

Question 78

Glargine

Answer 78

Long acting insulin (available as U100 or U300, diff. PK)

Question 79

Detemir

Answer 79

Long acting insulin

Question 80

Glulisine

Answer 80

Rapid acting insulin

Question 81

Lispro

Answer 81

Rapid acting insulin

Question 82

Novolin-R

Answer 82

Short acting regular insulin

Question 83

Afrezza

Answer 83

Inhaled rapid acting insulin

Question 84

Humulin-N

Answer 84

Intermediate acting NPH insulin

Question 85

Degludec

Answer 85

Ultra long acting insulin