Exam 4 notes Flashcards
(15 cards)
study of microbes, including bacteria, archaea, protists, fungi, viruses, and prions
microbiology
organic monomers
stage 1 of microbial life
evolution of monomers
Primordial soup
Oparin-Haldane hypothesis
Miller-Urey Experiment
organic polymers
stage 2 of microbial life
evolution of polymers
protobionts
stage 3 of microbial life
evolution of protobionts
development of the cell membrane
living cells
stage 4 of microbial life
evolution of living cells
Miller-Urey experiment
early Earth had a reducing atmosphere, after a week, the water turned brown, and amino acids and other organic acids produced
what is the evolution of monomers?
Miller-Urey experiment (1953)
repeatedly tested
even greater number of organic molecules produced
sources are hydrothermal vents and meteors/comets
what is the evolution of polymers?
protein first hypothesis
RNA-first hypothesis
what is the protein first hypothesis?
solar energy causes amino acids at shoreline to form simple polypeptides with catalytic properties
what is the RNA-first hypothesis?
RNA evolved first and acted as both hereditary material and enzyme
what is the evolution of protobionts?
outer membrane made of fatty acids
proteins or other polymers on the inside
larger vesicles able to divide
what is the evolution of living cells?
cells with membranes and DNA, RNA, and protein (RNA first hypothesis supports)
codon chart seems optimized to deal with mutation (may have been natural selection on codons)
what is Archaea?
small
genome is a single, closes, circular DNA molecule
plasma membrane single lipid layer with branched side chains
three main types are based on unique habitats and metabolism
organic monomers, like amino acids and sugars, could form without the presence of life (t/f)
true
