Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

DEN 7108 Micro and Immuno Concepts Part II > Exam 4 Terrifying Other RNA Viruses > Flashcards

Exam 4 Terrifying Other RNA Viruses Flashcards

(77 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Which viruses/diseases are mosquito-borne?

A
  • Chikungunya
  • West Nile Virus
  • Zika Virus
  • Dengue Fever
  • Yellow fever
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which viruses are associated with hemorrhagic fever but are not mosquito-borne?

A
  • Lassa virus
  • Ebola and Marburg
  • Hantavirus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chikungunya vector

A

Mosquito-borne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

_____ is a togavirus like Rubella

A

Chikungunya

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some symptoms of Chikungunya infection?

A
  • Joint swelling
  • Rash
  • Epidemic viral arthritis (chronic arthritis)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Are there cases of Chikungunya virus in the US?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

West Nile Virus is a ____

A

Flavivirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does “flavi” mean?

A

Golden/blond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

West Nile Virus vector

A

Mosquito-borne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

_____ infected by West Nile virus develops serious/fatal illness

A

1/150

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

West Nile virus can cause ____ diseases. What are three of these diseases?

A

Neuroinvasive; Encephalitis, meningitis, West Nile poliomyelitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Those with mutations in ____ become more susceptible to West Nile Virus infection

A

CCR5 (co-receptor for CD4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

West Nile Virus is now endemic in:

A

U.S. and southern Nevada

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the leading cause of mosquito-borne disease in the continental US?

A

West Nile Virus (WNV)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Zika virus is a _____

A

Flavivirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Zika Virus - vector

A

Mosquito-borne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which virus can be spread sexually and from mother to fetus?

A

Zika Virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

If Zika virus is spread from mother to fetus, this can cause ____

A

Microencephaly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the mosquito range?

A

Around the equator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Zika Virus is locally transmitted in what states?

A

Florida and Texas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

There are bioterrorism risks associated with which viruses?

A
  • Flaviviridae
  • Arenaviridae
  • Filoviridae
  • Bunyaviridae
    (all cause viral hemorrhagic fevers)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Viral Hemorrhagic fevers cause damage to ____

A

Blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Dengue Fever virus is a _____

A

Flavivirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Dengue fever vector

A

Mosquito-borne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
____ causes a primary infection and secondary infection
Dengue Fever Virus
26
What occurs in the primary infection of Dengue Fever Virus?
- Incubation period 4-7 days - Self limited
27
True or false: Dengue fever virus primary infection may also progress to severe dengue in children, elderly, and immunocompromised
True
28
Dengue secondary infection is associated with:
Antibody dependent enhancement
29
What is antibody dependent enhancement?
Previous antibodies from primary infection enhance second infection (not adding protection)
30
What is the pathogenesis of antibody dependent enhancement?
- Infection by dengue virus of another serotype - Production of non-neutralizing antibodies - Facilitate entry of virus to monocytes through Fc receptor - More cytokines released - Acute increase in vascular permeability - May lead to hypovolaemia or shock or death
31
What is Dengue Hemorrhagic fever?
- Occurs in secondary infection - Damage to lymph, blood vessels, liver, circulation system - Petechiae - Internal bleeding - gingival bleeding
32
Dengue hemorrhagic fever may lead to:
Dengue shock syndrome (massive bleeding, shock, death)
33
Is there a vaccine for Dengue?
Yes but only given to those with secondary infections
34
Which states have local cases of Dengue?
Florida and Arizona
35
Are there imported cases of Dengue in the US?
Yes
36
Yellow Fever virus is a ____
Flavivirus
37
Yellow Fever virus vector
Mosquito-borne
38
What diseases does Yellow Fever virus cause?
- Yellow fever - Hemorrhagic disease
39
Yellow fever symptoms
- High fever - damage to kidney and liver causes jaundice
40
Yellow fever-induced hemorrhagic disease causes what symptoms?
Bleeding from mouth, nose, eyes, stomach
41
____ is an Arenavirus
Lassa virus
42
What is the animal reservoir for Lassa virus?
Rats
43
80% of those infected by Lassa virus have ____. 20% may progress to ____
Mild symptoms; serious disease (hemorrhagic fever in gums, eyes, or nose)
44
What does "filo" mean?
Thread
45
____ are filoviruses
Ebola and Marburg
46
How are Ebola and Marburg viruses spread?
Direct contact with contaminated blood, bodily fluids, secretions
47
When does Ebola/Marburg become contagious?
When symptoms develop (fever, muscle pain, sore throat)
48
Ebola and Marburg viruses can cause ____. Bleeding induces ____
Uncontrolled bleeding (endothelial cells rupture); viral hemorrhagic fever
49
In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, how many Ebola/Marburg deaths were there?
2,299
50
When was the Ebola vaccine created?
2018
51
1. In the Ebola vaccine, ___ codes for surface protein 2. Put Ebola RNA into ____ which starts to make Ebola surface protein antigens
Ebola RNA; carrier virus (vesicular stomatitis virus)
52
How effective is the Ebola vaccine?
95-100%
53
Which virus involves ring vaccination?
Ebola
54
What is ring vaccinating for Ebola?
Vaccinating those who have come into contact with someone with Ebola infection
55
What is Ebola Zmapp?
Mixture of three antibodies (mouse and human antibodies transfected into plant)
56
Is Zmapp a vaccine?
No, it is a treatment
57
What does Zmapp do?
Coats Ebola virus, preventing cell entry to allow time for host immune response
58
Hantavirus has ___ RNA segments
3
59
What diseases can Hantavirus cause?
- Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) - Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
60
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is a respiratory disease mainly in the ____
Americas
61
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is transmitted by:
Aerosolized rodent excreta (deer mouse)
62
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome is also known as:
Four Corners Disease
63
Prion stands for:
Protein infection
64
____ is an infectious agent composed entirely of protein
Prion protein
65
___ is the cause of transmissable spongiform encephalopathies (TSE)
Prion protein
66
What is PRPsc?
Scrapie (sheep)
67
What is PrPc?
Normal cellular prion
68
What makes a prion disease-causing?
- Contains abnormal folding and makes it indestructable - converts other prions to infectious form
69
Aggregations of abnormal prions form:
Plaques
70
How do prions spread?
When eating/contact with infected matter
71
Bovine TSE causes what disease?
Mad cow disease
72
TSE in monkeys and people can cause what diseases?
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) - Kuru
73
What is the clinical manifestation of prion disease?
Progressive neurodegenerative disorder
74
True or false: Prions cause invariable fatal disease
True
75
What are prions resistant to?
- Proteases - Ionizing radiation - Formaldehyde - Bleach - Heat (autoclave)
76
____ can cause fatal familial insomnia (FFI)
Prions
77
What is fatal familial insomnia?
Inherited prion disease

DEN 7108 Micro and Immuno Concepts Part II (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions