Exam 5 - Upper Limb Part 1 -JB- 101 - 149 Deck 1

Question 1

_____ extends from skull & vertebrae to clavicle & scapula

Answer 1

Trapezius

Question 2

___ ___ extends from cervical vertebrae to scapula

Answer 2

Levator Scapulae

Question 3

___ extends from thoracic vertebrae to vertebral border of scapula

Answer 3

Rhomboideus

Question 4

Levator Scapulae:

Origin: superior __ or __ cervical vertebrae

Insertion: superior vertebral border of ___

Answer 4

4 or 5 cervical vertebrae

SCAPULA

Question 5

Levator Scapulae:

Action: ___ scapula

Innervation: dorsal ___ nerve

Answer 5

Elevates

Dorsal SCAPULAR nerve

Question 6

Rhomboid Major:

Origin: spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae __-__

Insertion: medial (vertebral) border of scapula inferior to the ___ ___

Answer 6

T2-T5

Scapular Spine

Question 7

Action: elevates and adducts (retracts) scapula; stabilizes scapula (fixes scapula to thoracic wall)

Answer 7

Rhomboid Major

both R. Maj/Min…

Question 8

Rhomboid Major:

Innervation: dorsal ___ nerve

Answer 8

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

Question 9

Rhomboid Minor:

Origin: spinous processes of __ and __ vertebrae

Insertion: medial (vertebral) border of scapula ___ to the scapular spine

Answer 9

C7 and T1

Superior

Question 10

Action: elevates and adducts (retracts) scapula; stabilizes scapula (fixes scapula to thoracic wall)

Answer 10

Rhomboid Minor

both R. Maj/Min…

Question 11

Rhomboid Minor:

Innervation: ___ scapular nerve

Answer 11

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

Question 12

A small triangular gap in the thick musculature of the back is a good place to examine posterior segments of the lungs using a stethoscope

It is known as…

Answer 12

Triangle of auscultation

Question 13

Triangle of Auscultation is formed by:

Note: folding arms across the chest enlarges the auscultatory triangle

Answer 13

Superior horizontal border of the latissimus dorsi

Medial border of the scapula

Inferolateral border of the trapezius

Question 14

These muscles form the ?

Superior horizontal border of the latissimus dorsi

Medial border of the scapula

Inferolateral border of the trapezius

Answer 14

Triangle of Auscultation

Question 15

The shoulder consists of which four joints?

Which provide movement in multiple planes

Answer 15

Glenohumeral
Acromioclavicular
Sternoclavicular
Scapulothoracic

Question 16

The ball and socket joint of the shoulder is a mobile joint with a shallow ___ ___, unlike the hip which is a stable joint having a deep acetabular fossa

Answer 16

Glenoid Fossa

Question 17

Overview of movements at the shoulder joint:

slides: 109-111

Answer 17

Flexion, Extension/ Hyperextension

Abduction/adduction

Circumduction

Lateral/Medial Rotation

Question 18

_____ is a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction

Answer 18

Circumduction

Question 19

Rotation at any joint is a circular movement around the __ __ of the bone at that joint

Answer 19

Long axis

Question 20

The large, round humeral head articulates with the relatively shallow ___ ___ of the scapula

Answer 20

Glenoid Cavity

Question 21

The glenoid cavity accepts about 1/3 of the humeral head, which is held in the cavity by the tonus of the ___ ___

Answer 21

Rotator Cuff

Question 22

The articular capsule is a loose fibrous capsule surrounds the ____ joint

Answer 22

Glenohumeral

Question 23

The articular capsule is attached to the margin of the glenoid cavity, and to the anatomical neck of the ___

Answer 23

Humerus

Question 24

There is an opening in the articular capsule between the tubercles of the humerus for passage of the tendon of the long head of the ___ ___

Answer 24

Biceps Brachii

Question 25

Slides 114-116

Answer 25

Note the strengthening of the capsule through fusion of tendons of muscles of the rotator cuff to the capsule

Question 26

The scapulohumeral muscles are the intrinsic shoulder muscles They are the . . .

Answer 26

``` Deltoid Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor Teres major Subscapularis ```

Question 27

These are relatively short muscles that pass from the scapula to the humerus, and act on the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint

Answer 27

Scapulohumeral muscles

Question 28

Origin: acromial extremity of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula Insertion: ____ tuberosity of humerus

Answer 28

Deltoid

Question 29

Action: entire muscle abducts arm at shoulder joint, anterior fibers flex and medially rotate arm, posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate arm

Answer 29

Deltoid

Question 30

Deltoid- | Innervation: ____ nerve

Answer 30

Axillary nerve

Question 31

Origin: supraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle (AKA greater tuberosity) of humerus

Answer 31

Supraspinatus

Question 32

Action: assists deltoid with initial stages of abducting arm at shoulder joint, and continues to act throughout abduction

Answer 32

Supraspinatus

Question 33

Supraspinatus- | Innervation: ____ nerve

Answer 33

Suprscapular Nerve

Question 34

Origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

Answer 34

Infraspinatus

Question 35

Infraspinatus- Action: laterally rotates arm at shoulder joint Innervation: _____ nerve

Answer 35

Suprascapular Nerve

Question 36

Origin: middle lateral border of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

Answer 36

Teres Minor

Question 37

Teres Minor- Action: laterally rotates and adducts arm at shoulder joint Innervation: ___ nerve

Answer 37

Axillary Nerve

Question 38

Origin: inferior lateral border (angle) of scapula Insertion: intertubercular sulcus (AKA intertubercular groove) of humerus

Answer 38

Teres Major

Question 39

Teres Major- Action: adducts, medially rotates, and extends arm (dorsally) at shoulder joint Innervation: __ ___ nerve

Answer 39

Lower Subscapular Nerve

Question 40

Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus

Answer 40

Subscapularis

Question 41

Action: medially rotates arm at shoulder joint Innervation: __ and __ ___ nerves

Answer 41

Upper and Lower Subscapular Nerves

Question 42

The rotator cuff is made up of four muscles and their tendons:

Answer 42

Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Subscapularis Teres minor

Question 43

Rotator cuff muscles originate from the ____, and together form a single tendon unit as they combine to form a "cuff" over the head of the humerus (upper end of the arm)

Answer 43

Scapular

Question 44

The cuff generally inserts on the greater tuberosity of the humerus (the ____ inserts on the lesser tuberosity)

Answer 44

Subscapularis

Question 45

The rotator cuff helps to lift and rotate the arm, and to stabilize the ball of the shoulder within the joint All the muscles except the ____ are rotators of the humerus

Answer 45

Supraspinatus

Question 46

Rotator Cuff slides 128-132

Answer 46

Cliff Claven would proud

Question 47

The coracoacromial ligament spans the coracoacromial arch, between the ___ and ___ ___ of the scapula, forming an arch that prevents the superior displacement of the head of the humerus from the glenoid cavity of the scapula

Answer 47

Acromion and Coracoid Process

Question 48

The tendon of the supraspinatus is separated from the coracoacromial ligament, acromion, and deltoid by the ___ ___.

Answer 48

Subacromial Bursa

Question 49

When this bursa is inflamed (subacromial bursitis), abduction of the arm is extremely painful during the arc of 50 to 130º. This is painful arc syndrome.

Answer 49

Subacromial Bursa

Question 50

The ___ (armpit) is the pyramidal space inferior to the glenohumeral joint and superior to the axillary fascia at the junction of the arm and thorax The ____ provides a passageway for vessels and nerves to reach the upper limb

Answer 50

Axilla

Question 51

The axillary artery begins at the lateral border of the 1st rib as the continuation of the ____ ___. It becomes the brachial artery when it passes the inferior border of the __ __ (it generally reaches the humerus at that point).

Answer 51

Subclavian Artery Teres Major

Question 52

The ___ ___ divides the axillary artery into three parts, identified 1, 2, and 3. (slide 140) Fortuitously, the number of each part is also the number of branches of the axillary artery in that part

Answer 52

Pectoralis Minor | slide 140

Question 53

Many arterial ____ occur around the scapula The ____ make collateral circulation possible, which provides alternate routes in the event of injury, stenosis, or ligation of vessels

Answer 53

Anastamoses

Question 54

The axillary vein lies on the ___ side of the axillary artery. It is formed by the union of the ___ veins and the ___ vein at the inferior border of the teres major

Answer 54

Medial side Brachial veins and Basilic veins

Question 55

Anterior scalene syndrome (AKA scalenus anterior syndrome, scalene entrapment syndrome) is a form of ___ ___ ___

Answer 55

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Question 56

Anterior scalene syndrome (AKA scalenus anterior syndrome, scalene entrapment syndrome) is a form of thoracic outlet syndrome, which is caused by compression of the brachial plexus and brachial vessels in the root of the neck, producing a mixture of nerve compression symptoms in the arm and shoulder including pain, pins and needles, numbness, weakness, and circulation changes (sweating, blueness, blotchiness). Anterior scalene syndrome is a fairly rare form of thoracic outlet syndrome wherein the ___ ___ and vessels are trapped between the anterior and middle scalene muscles (similar to piriformis syndrome in the buttock).

Answer 56

Brachial Plexus

Question 57

A four-sided space associated with the posterior axilla:

Answer 57

Quadrangular Space

Question 58

Quadrangular space bordes are:

Answer 58

superiorly: inferior border of teres minor inferiorly: superior border of teres major medially: long head of triceps laterally: surgical neck of humerus

Question 59

The quadrangular space transmits (contains) the…

Answer 59

Axillary nerve Posterior circumflex humeral artery Posterior circumflex humeral vein (not shown on the accompanying illustration) slide 148

Question 60

At the indicated locations (slide 148) the axillary nerve is accompanied by the ___ ___ ___ ___, and the radial nerve is accompanied by the deep brachial artery

Answer 60

Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

Question 61

Axillary nerve wraps around the surgical neck of the ___

Answer 61

Humerus slide 148

Question 62

Radial nerve wraps around the shaft of the ____

Answer 62

Humerus slide 148

Question 63

Superior horizontal border of the latissimus dorsi Medial border of the scapula Inferolateral border of the trapezius

Answer 63

Triangle of auscultation

Question 64

Triangle of auscultation

Answer 64

Superior horizontal border of the latissimus dorsi Medial border of the scapula Inferolateral border of the trapezius

Question 65

All the muscles except the _____ are rotators of the humerus

Answer 65

supraspinatus

Question 66

At the indicated locations, the axillary nerve is accompanied by the posterior circumflex humeral artery, and the radial nerve is accompanied by the deep brachial artery

Answer 66

slide 148