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Applied Anatomy I > Exam II > Flashcards

Exam II Flashcards

1
Q

normal ROM for elbow flexion

A

150 degrees

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2
Q

normal ROM for elbow extension

A

0 degrees

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3
Q

normal ROM for elbow pronation

A

80 degrees

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4
Q

normal ROM for elbow supination

A

80 degrees

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5
Q

normal ROM for wrist flexion

A

80 degrees

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6
Q

normal ROM for wrist extension

A

70 degrees

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7
Q

normal ROM for radial deviation

A

20 degrees

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8
Q

normal ROM for ulnar deviation

A

30 degrees

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9
Q

normal ROM for MCP flexion

A

90 degrees

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10
Q

normal ROM for MCP extension

A

45 degrees

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11
Q

normal ROM for PIP flexion

A

100 degrees

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12
Q

normal ROM for PIP extension

A

0 degrees

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13
Q

normal ROM for DIP flexion

A

90 degrees

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14
Q

normal ROM for DIP extension

A

0 degrees

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15
Q

normal ROM for MCP abduction

A

no norm

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16
Q

normal ROM for MCP adduction

A

no norm

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17
Q

normal ROM for CMC extension

A

20-80 degrees

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18
Q

normal ROM for CMC flexion

A

15 degrees

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19
Q

normal ROM for CMC abduction

A

70 degrees

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20
Q

normal ROM for CMC adduction

A

0 degrees

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21
Q

what are the primary and secondary flexors of the elbow?

A 
primary
(1) biceps
(2) brachialis
(3) brachioradialis
secondary
(1) pronator teres
(2) ECRL
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22
Q

what position is the biceps brachii stronger as a flexor of the forearm?

A

supinated (think biceps curl)

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23
Q

in addition to flexing the forearm, what does the biceps brachii flex?

A

the long head flexes the shoulder

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24
Q

what are the primary and secondary extensors of the elbow?

A

primary
(1) triceps
secondary
(1) anconeus

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25
what are the primary and secondary pronators of the elbow?
``` primary (1) pronator teres (2) pronator quadratus secondary (1) flexor carpi radialis (2) brachioradialis ```
26
what are the primary supinators of the elbow?
primary (1) biceps brachii (2) supinator
27
what are the primary and secondary flexors of the wrist?
``` primary (1) flexor carpi radialis (2) flexor carpi ulnaris (3) palmaris longus secondary (1) flexor digitorum superficialis (2) flexor digitorum profundus ```
28
what are the primary and secondary extensors of the wrist?
``` primary (1) ECRL (2) ECRB (3) extensor carpi ulnaris secondary (1) extensor digitorum (2) extensor digiti minimi (3) extensor indicis ```
29
what are the primary and secondary ulnar deviators of the wrist?
``` primary (1) extensor carpi ulnaris (2) flexor carpi ulnaris secondary (1) extensor digiti minimi (2) flexor digitorum profundus ```
30
what are the primary and secondary radial deviators of the wrist?
primary (1) ECRL (2) ECRB (3) FCR (4) abductor pollicis longus (5) extensor pollicis brevis
31
chronic nerve inflammation may lead to what in areas of the skin innervated by sensory nerves?
hypersensitivity and allodynia
32
what is allodynia?
pain with touch
33
what is a myotome?
a muscle or group of muscles served by a single nerve root
34
what is a dermatome?
the area of skin supplied by a single nerve root
35
what is a sclerotome?
area of bone or fascia supplied by a single nerve root
36
what is a deep tendon reflex (DTR)?
a brisk contraction of a muscle in response to a sudden stretch induced by a sharp tap on the tendon at the insertion of the muscle
37
how are myotomes graded?
0-5; same as MMTs
38
what do myotomes test?
gross muscle movements, not individual muscles
39
what is hyporeflexia?
an absent or diminished response to DTR
40
what is hyperreflexia?
the hyperactive or repeating (clonic) response to DTR
41
how do you grade DTR?
Grade 0 = no response; always abnormal Grade 1 = a slight but definitely present response; may or may not be normal Grade 2 = a brisk response; normal Grade 3 = a very brisk response; may or may not be normal Grade 4 = hypertonic. a tap elicits a repeating reflex (clonus); always abnormal
42
how to differentiate between a spinal nerve and peripheral nerve issue?
muscular issues - if a gross movement is affected, more likely to be myotome or SPINAL nerve - if an individual muscle is affected (using MMT), more likely to be a PERIPHERAL nerve
43
when hyperreflexia presents, where does that indicate the lesion is located?
CNS Lesion
44
when hyporeflexia presents, where does that indicate the lesion is located?
Peripheral Nerve lesion
45
C1-C2 myotome
neck flexion
46
C3 myotome
neck side flexion
47
C4 myotome
shoulder/scapular elevation
48
C5 myotome
shoulder abduction / ER
49
C6 myotome
elbow flexion or wrist extension
50
C7 myotome
elbow extension or wrist flexion
51
C8 myotome
thumb extension or ulnar deviation
52
T1 myotome
hand intrinsics
53
C1 dermatome
anterior/superior cranium
54
C2 dermatome
posterior cranium
55
C3 dermatome
lateral upper-mid cervical spine
56
C4 dermatome
superior and lateral shoulder
57
C5 dermatome
lateral arm
58
C6 dermatome
lateral thumb
59
C7 dermatome
dorsal midline of hand
60
C8 dermatome
ulnar forearm/hand
61
T1 dermatome
medial elbow
62
DTR test for biceps
C5-C6
63
DTR test for brachioradialis
C6
64
DTR test for triceps
C7-C8
65
which muscles produce scapular retraction?
(1) middle traps | (2) rhomboids
66
which muscles produce downward rotation of the scapula? (4)
(1) pec minor (2) rhomboids (3) levator scapulae (4) lats
67
what muscles upwardly rotate the scapula?
(1) serratus anterior | 2) traps (upper and lower together

Applied Anatomy I (4 decks)

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