Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MLT 130 Clinical Chemistry I > EXAM III Proteins, COH, Lipids > Flashcards

EXAM III Proteins, COH, Lipids Flashcards

(73 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Normal glucose concentration of serum?

A

80-100 mg/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Requirements of an oral GTT

A

Fasting at least 10 hours
Done in morning
no eating, drinking, smoking or exercise
normal to high COH intake 3 days prior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Order of mobility of serum proteins during an electrophoresis

A

albumin(fastest)-a1-a2-beta-gamma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why can the biuret method NOT be used for determining CSF or urine protein?

A

it lacks sensitivity to detect low levels of protein which are in those specimens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the biuret reagents specifically react with?

A

tripeptide

2 or more peptide chains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the reference method for total protein determination?

A

Kjeldahl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which method for measuring albumin is most common in automated instruments?

A

Dye-binding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What SPE abnormality is seen in multiple myeloma?

In nephrotic syndrome?

A

Spike in gamma region

^ a2 and beta region, decrease albumin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Glucose in CSF is approximately ____ of the amount of glucose in the blood.

A

2/3

60-70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In bacterial meningitis, what would be the expected results for CSF protein?
CSF glucose?

A

protein increased

glucose decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What anticoagulant is used to prevent glycolysis?

A

sodium fluoride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Increases blood glucose levels
inhibits glucose uptake by the tissues
increases glucose output by the liver

A

ACTH

growth hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Increases blood glucose levels

Increases glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis

A

Glucagon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Increases blood glucose levels

Increasing gluconeogenesis and inhibiting glucose metabolism in peripheral tissue

A

Glucocorticoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Decreases blood glucose levels

by decreasing glycogenolysis-only hormone that decreases

A

Insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Increases blood glucose levels
fight or flight
stimulates glycogenolysis

A

Epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the action of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase?

A

removes hydrogen from glucose-6-phosphate and gives it to NADP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What technique is used to ID patients with familial hyperlipoproteinemia?

A

electrphoresis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

normal value for albumin

A

3.5-5.0 g/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

normal value for globulin

A

2.5-3.5 g/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

normal value for TP

A

6.0-8.5 g/dL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What phenom causes the gamma globulins to move toward the cathode in SPE, even though they are negatively charged?

A

EEO

electroendosmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What specific form of hgb is used to monitor patients with Type I diabetes mellitus?

A

A1c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How is globulin in serum routinely determined?

A

TP - albumin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Which fraction of lipprotein contains highest percentage of protein?
HDL
26
What is the order of migration of lipoproteins?
chylomicrons - prebeta - beta - alpha
27
What is the desirable TC level in serum
less than 200 mg/dL
28
Most likely explanation for a patient with lab results of elevated TC and TGD but normal lipoprotein pattern?
patient isn't fasting | non fasting specimen
29
Which lipoprotein fraction is responsible for post-prandial lipemia?
chylomicrons
30
If plasma is used instead of serum for electrophoresis, what change will be observed?
Spike in beta gamma region | due to fibrinogen
31
What dyes can be used for the detection of albumin?
HABA BCP BCG Methyl orange
32
Desirable level for HDL
greater than 40 mg/dL
33
normal two hour post-prandial glucose
less than 140 mg/dL
34
how long for plasma glucose to return to normal levels
3 hours
35
Name four blood constituents that can produce falsely decreases TC due to interference with the enzymatic cholesterol assay.
uric acid ascorbic acid bilirubin glutathione
36
Electrphoretic classification of these lipoproteins HDL LDL VLDL
HDL-alpha LDL-beta VLDL-prebeta
37
Which lipoprotein has protective effect against coronary heart disease?
HDL
38
Protein isolated from a lipoprotein which is also affiliated with certain lipoprotein
apoprotein
39
What is the main function of lipoproteins in the body?
transport body lipids throughout the bloodstream
40
elevated for 3hrs | start high, stays high, takes longer to return to normal glucose levels
diabetes mellitus
41
lower than normal after 3hrs | normal, then falls below fasting levels
hypoglycemia
42
elevated at 1hr drops at 2 hr returns to normal by 3 hr
normal GTT
43
Why is the performance of electrophoresis on CSF more difficult than SPE?
protein concentrations are too low | need to concentrate it 100x
44
Patients with borderline glucose levels are tested further with?
3hr OGTT
45
What is actually measured in the hexokinase method for glucose?
NADPH
46
Normal range for CSF glucose
40-70 mg/dL
47
What period of fasting is required for lipid panels?
12 hours
48
What is the reaction that takes place during the biuret procedure?
protein solutions treated with alkanolized cupric sulfur; cupric ions react with peptide bonds to form a violet color
49
What precautions must be taken prior to collecting a specimen for lipid analysis?
12 hour fasting 2 wk normal diet no meds that affect lipids defer for 2 months after surgery, illness or AMI
50
What is the most specfic method for determining plasma cholesterol?
cholesterol oxidase enzymatic reaction
51
What protein, when found in increased amounts, lowers the risk of coronary heart disease?
apolipoprotein A1
52
What is the only diagnostic purpose for ordering phospholipid measurements
Niemann Pick disease *RDS*
53
What unusual electrophoretic serum protein pattern is seen in cirrhosis of the liver?
beta-gamma bridge
54
What would be the expected shape of a GTT curve if the patient has malabsorption syndrome? What test should be done instead?
flatline; no absorptions, no change in curve | IV GTT
55
What test may be used to assess the average plasma glucose level that a patient has maintained during a previous 2-3 month period?
Glycosulated hemoglobin | hgb A1c
56
The enzyme that causes the release of H2O2 when it reacts with glucose
glucose oxidase
57
What would happen to the glucose in a blood specimen if it was drawn in a clot tube and was left uncentrifuged at room temp?
serum glucose levels will be reduced at a rate of 7% an hour
58
Amount of glucose used in adult GTT?
75g
59
What reagent is used for color development in the Libermann-Burchard reaction?
acetic anhydride sulfuric acid
60
What adjustment is made to OGTT if hypoglycemia is suspected?
additional testing at 4 and 5 hours
61
B-lipoprotein(LDL) contain high % of? | pre-B-lipoprotein(VLDL) contain high % of?
LDL-cholesterol | VLDL-trigylcerides
62
How would a physician view the prognosis of a patient with an elevated HDL?
Good, not at high risk | possibly protected from arthrosclerosis
63
What is the most likely explanation of milky serum?
Increased chylomicrons | lipemic
64
What enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglycerides?
lipase - LPL
65
normal range for CSF protein?
15-45 mg/dL
66
What compund is used to stimulate the pancreas to produce insulin?
Tolbudamine | detects insulinomas
67
Ultracentrifugation separates lipoproteins into various categoried based on?
density
68
What stains can be used to stain the protein bands obtained from SPE?
``` Ponceau S Amido black 10B bromphenol blue lissamine green coommassie blue ```
69
what pH is routine SPE performed at?
8.6
70
What is gestational diabetes?
diabetic condition that occurs during pregnancy | *secondary mellitus due to hormonal changes*
71
What is meant by the term renal threshold? | value?
level of glucose in the blood above which glucose "spills over" into urine 160-180 mg/dL
72
What type of diabetes generally occurs in adults?
Type 2- non-insulin dependent
73
Name a test that can be used to determine the risk of RDS in newborns
phospholipid levels L/S ration less than 2; PG present

MLT 130 Clinical Chemistry I (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions