Exam Q&A Flashcards

(28 cards)

1
Q

What is the mass of Protons, Neutrons and Electrons?

A

Protons - 1
Neutrons - 1
Electrons - Negligible

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2
Q

What are the charges on protons, neutrons and electrons?

A

Protons - Positive
Neutrons - No charge
Electrons - Negative

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3
Q

What are isotopes?

A

Different forms of the same element with a different number of neutrons but the same number of protons and electrons - They have the same chemical properties and the same atomic number

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4
Q

What is the atomic number?

A

The number of protons in an atom

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5
Q

What is the mass number?

A

The number of protons AND neutrons in an atom

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6
Q

How many electrons do group 3 elements have on their outer shell?

A

3

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7
Q

The group number is…

A

The number of electrons on an atom’s outer shell

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8
Q

What is an ion?

A

A charged particle

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9
Q

How does a particle become an ion?

A

They lose or gain electrons

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10
Q

Ionic bonding happens between…

A

A metal and a non-metal

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11
Q

If an atom loses 2 electrons, what charge will it have?

A

Positive

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12
Q

If an atom gains 2 electrons, what charge will it have?

A

Negative

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13
Q

In a covalent bond, electrons are…

A

Shared

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14
Q

Covalent bonding happens between..

A

2 non-metals

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15
Q

What are covalent bonds called?

A

Molecules

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16
Q

What are the three main states of matter?

A

Solid, liquid and gas

17
Q

What is the process of a solid turning into a gas called?

18
Q

What is the process of a gas turning into a solid called?

19
Q

Define purity?

A

It is made up of a single element or compound

20
Q

What are the properties of ionic compounds?

A

Tight, lattice-like structure
High melting point due to very strong attraction between positive and negative ions
Cannot conduct electricity as a solid - no delocalised electrons
Can conduct electricity as a liquid - ions are free to move

21
Q

What are the properties of graphite?

A

3 covalent bonds held together by weak forces, 1 in 4 electrons delocalised, no bonds between layers making it soft and slippery, has a very high melting point, can conduct electricity

22
Q

What are the properties of diamond?

A

4 covalent bonds, very strong bond, regular structure, high melting point (3550), no delocalised electrons so cannot conduct electricity

23
Q

What are fullerenes and their properties?

A

Molecules of carbon shaped like closed tubes or hollow balls - high melting and boiling points, black, solid, odourless

24
Q

What colours are litmus as a acid and alkali?

A

Acid - red

Alkali - blue

25
What colour does phenolphthalein turn when it comes in contact with an alkali?
Bright pink
26
Methyl orange is red up to what number on the pH scale, then what happens?
At 4.5, it turns from red to yellow
27
Metal + Acid ------
Salt + Hydrogen
28
Acid + Base -----
Salt + Water