Exam Q&A

Question 1

What is the mass of Protons, Neutrons and Electrons?

Answer 1

Protons - 1
Neutrons - 1
Electrons - Negligible

Question 2

What are the charges on protons, neutrons and electrons?

Answer 2

Protons - Positive
Neutrons - No charge
Electrons - Negative

Question 3

What are isotopes?

Answer 3

Different forms of the same element with a different number of neutrons but the same number of protons and electrons - They have the same chemical properties and the same atomic number

Question 4

What is the atomic number?

Answer 4

The number of protons in an atom

Question 5

What is the mass number?

Answer 5

The number of protons AND neutrons in an atom

Question 6

How many electrons do group 3 elements have on their outer shell?

Answer 6

3

Question 7

The group number is…

Answer 7

The number of electrons on an atom’s outer shell

Question 8

What is an ion?

Answer 8

A charged particle

Question 9

How does a particle become an ion?

Answer 9

They lose or gain electrons

Question 10

Ionic bonding happens between…

Answer 10

A metal and a non-metal

Question 11

If an atom loses 2 electrons, what charge will it have?

Answer 11

Positive

Question 12

If an atom gains 2 electrons, what charge will it have?

Answer 12

Negative

Question 13

In a covalent bond, electrons are…

Answer 13

Shared

Question 14

Covalent bonding happens between..

Answer 14

2 non-metals

Question 15

What are covalent bonds called?

Answer 15

Molecules

Question 16

What are the three main states of matter?

Answer 16

Solid, liquid and gas

Question 17

What is the process of a solid turning into a gas called?

Answer 17

Sublimation

Question 18

What is the process of a gas turning into a solid called?

Answer 18

Deposition

Question 19

Define purity?

Answer 19

It is made up of a single element or compound

Question 20

What are the properties of ionic compounds?

Answer 20

Tight, lattice-like structure
High melting point due to very strong attraction between positive and negative ions
Cannot conduct electricity as a solid - no delocalised electrons
Can conduct electricity as a liquid - ions are free to move

Question 21

What are the properties of graphite?

Answer 21

3 covalent bonds held together by weak forces, 1 in 4 electrons delocalised, no bonds between layers making it soft and slippery, has a very high melting point, can conduct electricity

Question 22

What are the properties of diamond?

Answer 22

4 covalent bonds, very strong bond, regular structure, high melting point (3550), no delocalised electrons so cannot conduct electricity

Question 23

What are fullerenes and their properties?

Answer 23

Molecules of carbon shaped like closed tubes or hollow balls - high melting and boiling points, black, solid, odourless

Question 24

What colours are litmus as a acid and alkali?

Answer 24

Acid - red

Alkali - blue

Question 25

What colour does phenolphthalein turn when it comes in contact with an alkali?

Answer 25

Bright pink

Question 26

Methyl orange is red up to what number on the pH scale, then what happens?

Answer 26

At 4.5, it turns from red to yellow

Question 27

Metal + Acid ------

Answer 27

Salt + Hydrogen

Question 28

Acid + Base -----

Answer 28

Salt + Water