Test Q&A Flashcards

(38 cards)

1
Q

What is an atom?

A

Tiny particles of matter that have a mass

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2
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance made from atoms with the same number of protons

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3
Q
What are the symbols for the following elements?
Sodium
Hydrogen
Lithium
Copper
Potassium
Argon
Calcium
A
Sodium - Na
Hydrogen - H
Lithium - Li
Copper - Cu
Potassium - K
Argon - Ar
Calcium - Ca
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4
Q

What are the mass of protons, neutrons and electrons?

A

Protons - 1
Neutrons - 1
Electrons - 0.0005

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5
Q

What are the charges of protons, neutrons and electrons?

A

Protons - positive
Neutrons - no charge
Electrons - Negative

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6
Q

Why do atoms have no overall electric charge?

A

Number of (positive) protons is the same to the number of (negative) electrons.

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7
Q

What does the atomic number tell you?

A

The number of protons in an atom.

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8
Q

What does the mass number tell you?

A

The number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

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9
Q

What is a period?

A

A row across the periodic table.

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10
Q

Why do elements in the same group of the periodic table have similar properties?

A

They have the same number of electrons on their outer shell.

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11
Q

What is the word and chemical equation for Calcium Carbonate?

A

Calcium Carbonate = Calcium Oxide + Carbon Dioxide

CaCO3 = CaO + CO2

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12
Q

How many of each element is in Calcium Carbonate? (CaCO3)

A

1 Calcium
1 Carbon
3 Oxygens
(1 Calcium and Oxygen in Calcium Oxide, 1 Carbon and 2 Oxygens in Carbon Dioxide)

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13
Q

Why does calcium chloride, an ionic compound, have a high melting point?

A

It has strong attractions between the ions

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14
Q

Why is oxygen a gas at room temperature?

A

Forces between the molecules are weak

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15
Q

What is a polymer?

A

Molecules made up of long chains of covalently bonded carbon atoms

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16
Q

What is an ion?

A

A charged particle

17
Q

What type of bonding occurs between metals and non-metals?

A

Ionic bonding

18
Q

What type of bonding occurs between 2 non-metals?

A

Covalent bonding

19
Q

Where in the periodic table are the transition metals?

A

Middle section.

20
Q

What does malleable mean?

A

Can be bent into shape

21
Q

What properties of copper make it good for electrical wiring?

A

Very good conductor of electricity and not very reactive.

22
Q

What properties of copper make it good for plumbing?

A

Easily bent into shape and not very reactive.

23
Q

What is the relative mass of a neutron?

24
Q

What is an atoms mass number?

A

Number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

25
What is an isotope?
A different form of an element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
26
What are fullerenes?
Molecules of carbon shaped like closed tubes or hollow balls.
27
Describe the basic structure of graphite
3 covalent bonds, arranged in hexagons, no covalent bonds between layers, delocalised electrons
28
Describe the basic structure of diamond
4 covalent bonds, strong covalent bonds, no free electrons
29
Why are fullerenes good industrial catalysts?
Have a huge surface area
30
What is chromatography used for?
A method to separate a mixture of soluble substances and to identify them
31
Name 3 different sources of water that can be made portable
Surface water, ground water and waste water
32
What is deionised water?
Has had the ions present in tap water (such as calcium and copper) removed
33
What is the chemical definition of purity?
A substance made up of a single element or compound
34
Describe how to carry out filtration
Used when the product is from an insoluble solid, using filter paper and a funnel you can separate the solid from a liquid. The liquid runs through and the solid is left behind in the filte paper.
35
What separation technique should you use to separate a soluble solid from a solution?
Crystallisation
36
What happens to the forces between the particles on a solid as you melt it?
Particles gain more energy, increases vibrations and weaken the forces
37
What is the pH of a neutral substance?
7
38
What is the pH value of an acid substance?
Anything from 1-6