Exam Qs Flashcards
(18 cards)
Give one example of a sport played by the lower classes in pre-industrial times and identify one
characteristic of it. (2)
Examples:
1. Mob games / mob football
2. Smock racing
3. Pedestrianism
4. Cock fighting / throwing at cocks
5. Pugilism / bare knuckle fighting.
Characteristics:
6. Simple / not written / few rules - DNA no rules
7. Occasional / irregular
8. Violent / cruel
9. Local
10. Simple resources.
Describe two aims of the modern Olympic Games. (2)
- Development of competitors - To develop their physical and moral
qualities - To promote international goodwill /
world peace - Encouraging international cooperation - Unity of competitors - (Bringing people together) through a
festival of sport held every four years. - To educate (young) people - To improve their international
understanding
Using examples, explain how internet-based media might educate people about sport. (2)
- Improve sports techniques /
performance - By watching videos or using apps - Learn about opportunities - Using sports specific websites, local
websites, BBC sport. - Increase knowledge - About sports / players / clubs / rules / results by using websites and apps.
- Dialogue / discussion with top
coaches and players - Through social media
- Attract top level competitions to the UK
- Distribute lottery funding
Taking illegal performance enhancing drugs is one example of deviance in sport.
Give two other examples. (2)
- Illegal gambling - Match fixing / spot fixing.
- Player violence - Aggression on the pitch.
- Cheating - Using illegal equipment, deliberately breaking rules to gain advantage
- Bribery - Bribing officials / players
- Gamesmanship - Bending the rules to intimidate or
influence opposition - Hooliganism - Spectator violence
In post-1850 industrial Britain there was an increase in sports participation among the
working classes.
Identify the social and cultural factors that influenced this increase. (6)
- Shorter working hours / more free
time - 1/2 days Weds or Sat. - Public holidays - Bank Holidays introduced.
- New facilities - Facilities built, parks, public baths.
- Improved transport - Railways gave access to seaside and
countryside / improved roads good for
cycling. - Better education - Working classes now educated / could
understand more complex rules. - Increased income - Wages increased / working classes
had more disposable income / broken
time payments - Middle class influence - Middle class employers encouraged
participation. Factory owners formed
teams and sponsored excursions. - Health - Improved health and energy levels.
Describe two political incidents which have occurred at the Olympic Games. (2)
Venue and year of Olympic Games
Incident
(ii) How might incidents like these affect the host country? (2)
- 1936 Berlin Games used as Nazi propaganda
- 1968 Mexico City Black Power demonstration (against
the lack of civil rights in the USA) - 1972 Munich Palestinian terrorists (Black September) kidnapped Israeli athletes (to demand release of Palestinian prisoners.)
- 1980 Moscow Western nations / USA boycotted Games (to protest against Soviet invasion of Afghanistan)
- 1984 Los Angeles Communist boycott in retaliation for
Moscow. (Used lack of security and
over commercialisation as excuses.) - Financial - Loss of sponsorship / funding / income
- Tourism - Loss of tourism / reduced visitors
- Reputation - Poor image / damaged reputation
- Political damage - Embarrassment / reduction in
popularity for ruling politicians - Confidence in hosts - Country may not be chosen to host other major events.
The profile of elite women’s sport has risen significantly since 1980.
Compare 21st century elite women’s sport with elite women’s sport in 1980. (4)
The early 20th century was characterised by a huge rise in the number of spectators at
sporting events.
Explain the links between the rise in spectatorism and the social, cultural and sporting
developments of that time. (6)
Describe four factors that have led to the commercialisation of contemporary sport. (4)
- Popularity - Increased public interest in sport.
- Globalisation. - Sport is now global and the
international exposure attracts
sponsors. - Increased professionalism / raised
standard - Professional / better sports players
attract greater levels of sponsorship - Increased media interest - Increased media coverage attracts
more sponsors. - Large number of marketing
opportunities - Increased merchandise / clothing
associated with sport - Provides cheap exposure for
companies. - Media coverage and sponsorship of
sport is cheap compared with
The prevention of injury is an important part of player safety.
Using examples, explain how modern technology can increase safety in sport (6)
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of taking legal supplements to enhance
performance (4)
+ves:
1. Punishment - No punishment for taking them
2. Health - Less likely to harm athlete’s health / safer
-ves:
3. Contamination - Some legal supplements have been found to
contain banned substances so might be illegal.
4. Side effects / long term
effects - Some legal supplements may cause health
problems – creatine - digestive problems, energy
drinks – tooth decay.
5. Lack of effectiveness - Not as effective as PEDs.
Discuss whether the sporting values developed in the 19th century public schools have been
overtaken by the commercialisation of modern sport.
Give examples in your answer. (10)
Sports that involved cruelty to animals became less popular in post 1850 industrial Britain.
Examine two reasons for this. (2)
Give two ways in which the development of the railways affected competitive sport in post 1850
industrial Britain. (2)
Give two strategies which might be used to prevent an elite athlete dropping out of their
development programme. (2)
Give two different causes of player violence. (2)
