Exam Questions

Question 1

Give examples of control variables

Answer 1

age
gender
time intervals

Question 2

What is the function of ribosome?

Answer 2

It produces enzymes

Question 3

Give ways in which plant cells are different from bacterial cells

Answer 3

Plant cells have mitochondria

Plant cells have a nucleus, vacuole/chlorophyll

Question 4

Why do bacterial cells not contain mitochondria?

Answer 4

They are too small

Question 5

How can you compare how common an organism is in two sample areas?

Answer 5

1. In area A, mark out a grid with a tape-measure
2. Use a computer to randomly generate coordinates (to avoid bias results)
3. Place a quadrate at the first coordinate and measure the variable
4. Repeat in 10 or more coordinates and take a mean (improve reliability)
5. Repeat procedure in area B
6. Draw a bar graph to compare

Question 6

How can you find how organisms are distributed across an area?

Answer 6

1. Mark out a transect by putting a tape measure across the area of study
2. At regular intervals (e.g. 2 meters apart) place a quadrate
3. measure the variable (e.g. abundance, big tall)
4. Repeat at 10 paces along transect, then move the transect and repeat again somewhere else
5. Calculate a mean for each distance and plot on a line graph

Question 7

What happens to the genetic material before the cell divides?

Answer 7

It duplicates

Question 8

A gardener wants to produce a new variety of onion. Explain why sexual reproduction could not produce a new variety of onion

Answer 8

Fertilisation occurs, so leading to mixing of the genetic information
one copy of the gene from each parent

Question 9

What is the equation of photosynthesis?

Answer 9

CO2 and water ——> glucose and oxygen

Question 10

The leaf disc did not produce any oxygen in the dark, why?

Answer 10

light is needed for photosynthesis

Question 11

Why did the leaf disc take in oxygen in the dark?

Answer 11

The plant needs oxygen fro aerobic respiration

Question 12

What is an allele?

Answer 12

Alternative forms of the same gene

Question 13

What is a recessive gene?

Answer 13

Only expressed if 2 copies are inherited

Question 14

The lamp gives out heat as well as light. What could the student do tom make sure that heat from the lamp did not affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 14

use an LED light

Question 15

Give a factor which could limit the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 15

CO2

Question 16

Describe the structure of a leaf and the function of the tissues in the leaf

Answer 16

waxy cuticle = reduces water loss
epidermis = no chloroplasts so allows light to penetrate
stomata = allows CO2in and O2 out
palisade = many chloroplasts to trap light, near the top of the leaf to receive more light
spongy = air spaces for rapid movement of gas

Question 17

describe the effect of trypsin would have on baby food

Answer 17

break down and make it softer

Question 18

In which part if the cell is energy released during respiration?

Answer 18

Mitochondria

Question 19

Why is it possible to see bacterial colony but not a single bacterium?

Answer 19

One bacterium is very tiny. Many bacteria massed together in a colony can be seen

Question 20

Why do muscle cells need a lot of mitochondria?

Answer 20

Mitochondria release energy which muscle need for movement

Question 21

What determined the net movement of particles across a cell membrane?

Answer 21

The contraction of either side of the membrane

Question 22

What does glandular tissue produce?

Answer 22

Enzymes or hormones

Question 23

Where is soluble food absorbed?

Answer 23

In the small intestines

Question 24

Where do most chemical reactions take place in a cell?

Answer 24

Cytoplasm