Examen II Flashcards
Capitulos 5, 6 y 7 (24 cards)
When examining the person-job fit of someone who is high in extroversion, we might expect that people high in extroversion would fit well with an organizational culture that is ___________.
A.
team-based
B.
lacking in goals
C.
easy-going
D.
supportive
E.
non-aggressive
A. team-based
Employees high in extroversion find it both easy and enjoyable to work in teams and would therefore match well with a team-oriented culture.
Research on person-organization fit indicates that working to match individual values with an organization’s culture __________.
A.
increases satisfaction
B.
decreases satisfaction
C.
reduces productivity
D.
increases stress
E.
increases turnover
A.
increases satisfaction
Person-organization fit means people are attracted to and selected by organizations that match their values and leave organizations that are incompatible with their personalities. Thus, hiring people using a person-organization fit should result in higher employee satisfaction and reduced turnover.
Holland’s Typology of Personality and Congruent Occupations would be most applicable in determining which of the following?
A.
Personality-job fit
B.
Person-organization fit
C.
Person-supervisor fit
D.
Person-group fit
E.
Trait activation theory
A. Personality-job fit
Holland’s Typology of Personality and Congruent Operations presented six personality types and proposed that satisfaction and the propensity to leave a position depend on how well individuals match their personalities to a job.
_________ is a theory that people are attracted to and selected by organizations that match their values, and leave when there is no compatibility.
A.
Situation strength theory
B.
Person-supervisor fit
C.
Personality-job fit theory
D.
Person-organization fit
E.
Person-group fit
D. Person-organization fit
Persondashorganization fit is a theory that people are attracted to and selected by organizations that match their values, and leave when there is no compatibility.
According to Holland’s typology, a person whose type is realistic and whose personality characteristics are shy, persistent, and practical would excel in the occupation of a(n) __________.
A.
social worker
B.
lawyer
C.
mechanic
D.
musician
E.
bank teller
C. mechanic
According to Holland’s typology, a person whose type is realistic and whose personality characteristics are shy, persistent, and practical would excel as a mechanic.
Which of the following theories focuses on matching job requirements to the personality characteristics of an individual?
A.
Person-strength fit
B.
Person-organization fit
C.
Organization-personality fit
D.
Strength-person fit
E.
Person-job fit
E. person-job fit
`
The effort of a manager to hire an individual where the job requirements match to the candidate is referred to as personality-job fit. Researcher Holland presented six personality types and proposed that satisfaction and the propensity to leave a position depend on how well individuals match their personalities to a job
Cultural implications for person-job fit indicate that managers in individualistic countries may need to do which of the following to increase an employee’s job satisfaction?
A.
Increase the organization-job fit
B.
Decrease the person-job fit
C.
Decrease the organization-job fit
D.
Increase the person-job fit
E.
Delete the person-job fit
D.
Increase the person-job fit
There are cultural implications for person-job fit that speak to workers’ expectations that jobs will be tailored. In individualistic countries where workers expect to be heard and respected by management, increasing person-job fit by tailoring the job to the person increases the individual’s job satisfaction.
Which of the following theories focuses on matching employees’ personalities to the overall organization’s culture?
A.
Strength-person fit
B.
Person-personality fit
C.
Person-strength fit
D.
Person-job fit
E.
Person-organization fit
E. Person-organization fit
Person-organization fit essentially refers to people being attracted to and selected by organizations that match their values. This also means employees leave organizations when there is a conflict between organizational values and their individual personalities.
Which of the following has suggested that the dimensions of person-organization and person-job fit are the strongest predictors of positive work attitudes and performance in North America?
A.
Person-person fit
B.
Organization-person fit
C.
Environment-organization fit
D.
Person-environment fit
E.
Person-group fit
D. Person-environment fit
All dimensions of fit are often referred to as person-environment fit. Each dimension can predict work attitudes, which are partially based on culture. A recent study has indicated that the dimensions of person-organization and person-job fit are the strongest predictors of positive work attitudes and performance in North America. These dimensions though are important to a lesser degree in Europe, and they are the least important in East Asia.
_______ is the sum total of ways in which an individual both interacts with and reacts to others.
A.
Heredity
B.
Conscientiousness
C.
Personality
D.
Extraversion
E.
Cognitive dissonance
A. Personality
Personality is the sum total of the ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others.
Which of the following describes factors determined at conception, such as biological make up?
A.
Terminal values
B.
Attribution
C.
Instrumental values
D.
Heredity
E.
Personality
D. Heredity
Heredity refers to factors determined at conception, such as physical stature, facial features, gender, and muscle composition, among others. These are determined by your biological parents’ biological, physiological, and inherent psychological makeup.
The most common means of measuring personality is through __________ in which individuals evaluate themselves on a series of factors.
A.
self-report surveys
B.
job applications
C.
personality tests
D.
skills tests
E.
interviews
A. self-report surveys
The most common means of measuring personality is through self-report surveys in which individuals evaluate themselves on a series of factors.
___________ are enduring characteristics that describe an individual’s behavior.
A.
Emotions
B.
Attitudes
C.
Feelings
D.
Morals
E.
Personality traits
E. Personality traits
Personality traits are enduring characteristics that describe an individual’s behavior.
Research indicates that _______ influences the way we rate ourselves.
A.
conscientiousness
B.
education
C.
experience
D.
job skills
E.
culture
E. culture
. Research indicates that culture influences the way we rate ourselves. For example, people in individualistic countries trend toward self-enhancement, while people in collectivist countries trend toward self-diminishment.
Which of the following terms best describes enduring characteristics that describe an individual’s behavior, such as shy, aggressive, lazy, and loyal?
A.
Terminal values
B.
Personality traits
C.
Characterization values
D.
Instrumental values
E.
Heredity attributes
B. Personality Traits
When an individual exhibits these characteristics in a large number of situations and they are relatively enduring over time, we call them personality traits. The more consistent these characteristics are over time, and the more frequently they occur in diverse situations, the more important the trait is in describing the individual.
Marcus wants to consider the personality traits of job applicants he is interviewing. Which assessment tool would ask applicants to evaluate themselves on a series of factors such as “I enjoy being around others”?
A.
Core self-evaluation
B.
Group testing
C.
Self-report survey
D.
Observer-rating survey
E.
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
C. Self-report survey
The most common means of measuring personality is through self-report surveys in which individuals evaluate themselves on a series of factors, such as “I worry a lot about the future.”
Which of the following MBTI dimensions describes people who are social, outgoing, and generally assertive?
A.
Feeling
B.
Judging
C.
Extraverted
D.
Thinking
E.
Introverted
C. Extraverted
According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), people who are outgoing, sociable, and assertive are extraverted.
Which of the following MBTI dimensions describes people who rely on emotions and personal values?
A.
Extroversion
B.
Feeling
C.
Judging
D.
Thinking
E.
Sensing
B. Feeling
According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, people high in feeling rely on personal values and emotions rather than reason and logic when making decisions and dealing with the world around them.
A personality test that taps four characteristics and classifies people into one of 16 personality types is called ________.
A.
Holland’s Typology of Personality and Congruent Occupations
B.
the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
C.
the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
D.
the Big Five Model
C. MBTI
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a personality test that taps four characteristics and classifies people into one of 16 personality types.
According to the Big Five Personality Model, ____________ is a personality dimension that characterizes someone as calm, self-confident, and secure (positive) versus nervous, depressed, and insecure (negative).
A.
extroversion
B.
agreeableness
C.
openness to experience
D.
conscientiousness
E.
emotional stability
E. emotional stability
According to the Big Five Personality Model, emotional stability is a personality dimension that characterizes a person’s ability to withstand stress. People with emotional stability tend to be calm, positive and secure. Low scorers in this dimension tend to be nervous, anxious, depressed, and insecure.
Research showed that ____________ was LESS important to success than other traits.
A.
internal locus of control
B.
conscientiousness
C.
teamwork
D.
Machiavellianism
E.
efficiency
C. teamwork
A study of the personality scores of 313 CEO candidates in private equity companies found conscientiousnesslong dashin the form of persistence, attention to detail, and setting high standardslong dashwas more important to success than other traits such as teamwork.
Which of the following MBTI dimensions describes people who rely on their personal values and emotions?
A.
Introverted
B.
Intuitive
C.
Judging
D.
Feeling
E.
Thinking
D. Feeling
Feeling types rely on their personal values and emotions.
Judging types want control and prefer order and structure.
Intuitives rely on unconscious processes and look at the “big picture.”
Thinking types use reason and logic to handle problems
Introverts tend to be reserved, timid, and quiet.
Which of the following accurately lists the three socially undesirable traits that all individuals have in varying degrees?
A.
Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy
B.
Machiavellianism, narcissism, neuroticism
C.
Psychopathy, narcissism, neuroticism
D.
Psychopathy, Machiavellianism, neuroticism
A. Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy
Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy
