Exercise 14: Animal Integuments and Integumentary Derivatives

Question 1

It is the general term for the outer covering of animals.

Answer 1

integument

Question 2

Identify the functions of integuments.

Answer 2

protection, sensation, and homeostasis

Question 3

Complete the sentence below:
Integuments consist of one or more layers of ____________ and ____________ tissues.

Answer 3

connective, epithelial

Question 4

Are external structures which originate from the integument.

Answer 4

integumentary derivatives

Question 5

TRUE or FALSE:
Integumentary derivatives include long-lasting secretions and deposits of the epithelium.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

It is formed by hardened integumentary derivatives which functions for the protection of internal structures and attachment of muscles.

Answer 6

exoskeleton

Question 7

It refers to the epithelial layer of the integument of invertebrates.

Answer 7

epidermis

Question 8

Identify the functions of the substances secreted by the epidermis.

Answer 8

• protection
• prevention of desiccation

Question 9

TRUE or FALSE:
In invertebrates, integument derivatives are largely secretions that are laid over the epithelium.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Complete the sentence below:
The cuticle of the earthworm is ___________, while its hair-like setae are ____________.

Answer 10

collagenous, chitinous

Question 11

Complete the sentence below:
The chitinous ____________ of arthropods is segmented into ____________, with certain segments having ____________.

Answer 11

cuticle, plates, setae

Question 12

It refers to the exposed part of the snail.

Answer 12

foot

Question 13

Complete the sentence below:
The foot of the snail is covered by the ____________.

Answer 13

epidermis

Question 14

Complete the sentence below:
The visceral mass under the shell is covered by the ____________.

Answer 14

mantle

Question 15

Complete the sentence below:
The mantle of the snail is composed of two layers of ____________ separated by one layer of ____________.

Answer 15

epithelium, connective tissue

Question 16

It refers to the thick, non-cellular outer layer of Ascaris lumbricoides.

Answer 16

cuticle

Question 17

Complete the sentence below:
In Ascaris lumbricoides, inner to the cuticle is the thin pigmented ____________.

Answer 17

epidermis

Question 18

TRUE or FALSE:
The epidermis secretes the cuticle.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Complete the sentence below:
In Ascaris lumbricoides, the coiled ____________ is beneath the epidermis.

Answer 19

longitudinal muscle

Question 20

It refers to the complex integument of all vertebrates.

Answer 20

skin

Question 21

Identify the 2 regions of the skin.

Answer 21

• epidermis
• dermis or corium

Question 22

In all vertebrates, the epidermis consists of ____________ epithelium.

Answer 22

stratified squamous

Question 23

In all vertebrates, the dermis consists of ____________.

Answer 23

mostly connective tissue

Question 24

It refers to the outermost layer of the epidermis that is usually composed of one layer.

Answer 24

stratum corneum

Question 25

Which cells is the stratum corneum composed of?

Answer 25

squamous cells

Question 26

It refers to the innermost layer of the epidermis.

Answer 26

stratum germinativum

Question 27

Which cells is the stratum germinativum composed of?

Answer 27

monolayer of columnar cells

Question 28

It refers to the layer of loose connective tissue in the dermis which contains chromatophores, cutaneous glands, small blood vessels, and sensory neurons.

Answer 28

stratum laxum

Question 29

Are cells containing pigment granules.

Answer 29

chromatophores

Question 30

Are formed by the infolding of the stratum germinativum into the dermis.

Answer 30

cutaneous glands

Question 31

It refers to the deeper layer of the dermis.

Answer 31

stratum compactum

Question 32

It is composed of dense, irregular connective tissue in alternating horizontal and vertical strands.

Answer 32

stratum compactum

Question 33

Located beneath the stratum compactum, it connects the skin with the underlying muscle.

Answer 33

subcutaneous loose connective tissue

Question 34

Determine if the following structure is an epidermal/dermal derivative: bony scales of fishes

Answer 34

dermal derivative

Question 35

Determine if the following structure is an epidermal/dermal derivative: antlers of deers

Answer 35

dermal derivative

Question 36

Determine if the following structure is an epidermal/dermal derivative: horny scales of reptiles, birds, and mammals

Answer 36

epidermal derivative

Question 37

Determine if the following structure is an epidermal/dermal derivative: hair or fur (collectively known as pelage)

Answer 37

epidermal derivative

Question 38

Determine if the following structure is an epidermal/dermal derivative: feathers of birds (collectively known as plumage)

Answer 38

epidermal derivative

Question 39

Determine if the following structure is an epidermal/dermal derivative: nails, claws, or hooves

Answer 39

epidermal derivative

Question 40

TRUE or FALSE: In certain vertebrates, both dermal and epidermal derivatives may be present in the same exoskeleton.

Answer 40

True

Question 41

It refers to the dorsal region of the turtle shell.

Answer 41

carapace

Question 42

It refers to the ventral region of the turtle shell.

Answer 42

plastron

Question 43

The outer, darker layers of the turtle shell originate from ____________ and are termed ____________.

Answer 43

epidermis, scutes

Question 44

The inner, lighter layers of the turtle shell originate from the ____________ and are termed ____________.

Answer 44

dermis, plates

Question 45

The other term for dermis.

Answer 45

corium

Question 46

TRUE or FALSE: In vertebrates, the squamous cells of the epidermis are dead cells that constantly ebing shed off.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

TRUE or FALSE: The columnar cells of the stratum germinativum are continuously dividing.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

The transitional layer between the stratum corneum and stratum germinativum is equivalent to the ____________ and _____________ of the human skin.

Answer 48

stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum

Question 49

TRUE or FALSE: The chromatophores are darkly stained, mostly lying beneath the epidermis.

Answer 49

True