Exercise 5 Candling and Chick Quality Exercise

Question 1

_
- method used to determine the development of an embryo inside an egg
- method uses a light sources (originally candle) to show details of the egg through the shell
- _ or _ (white eggs tested for fertility on d3, brown eggs on d5 or d6 because it is difficult to see embryo clearly before this time)
- _ or /
- determines _ of the egg (internal and external defects)

Answer 1

Candling
- fertile or infertile
- fresh or stale/rotten
- soundness

Question 2

Parts of the Candler

Improvised Candle
Candling Room

Answer 2

Light (60 watt), one inch opening, line of sight (14 deg from egg to eye)
Egg twirled at 45 deg angle, looking down on egg and not into light

Question 3

_ _ _ - hold egg in slanting position with large end against hole in candler
- grasp egg by small end and while being held between thump and tips of 1st two fingers, turn quickly to the right or left
- this moves contents of egg and throws yolk nearer the shell

Answer 3

Method of Candling

Question 4

Interior Quality Factors
AYA

Answer 4

• Air Cell
• Yolk
• Albumen

Question 5

Interior Quality Factors
_ _ - as egg cools, liquid contract more than the shell
- as a result of this contraction, inner shell membrane separates from outer to form an air space
- Quality | Depth
- _ - 1/8 inch (3.2 mm)
- _ - 3/16 inch (4.8 mm)
- _ - no limit

Answer 5

Air Cell
- Quality - AA, A, B

Question 6

Interior Quality Factors
_ - characteristics are determined by shadow produced upon the cell during candling
- _: size, distinctness of outline, and defects of germ development

Answer 6

Yolk
- Factors

Question 7

Interior Quality Factors
_ - clear without blood spots or discolorations
- Haugh Unit > 72

Answer 7

Albumen

Question 8

Did you know?
Color of the egg yolk depends on the hen’s diet
- yellow corn/alfalfa meal diet = _ _
- barley/wheat = _ _
- white corn meal = almost _

Answer 8

• medium yellow
• light yellow
• almost colorless

Question 9

Modern Candling and Sorting of Eggs (Commercial Layer Production)

Answer 9

1. Plant personnel segregate broken and dirty eggs after washing cycle and prior to candling operation
2. During candling, a wand-type pointer electronically marks eggs that are dirty/cracked or contain blood spots. Newer equipments is capable of automatically removing these eggs with minimal oversight.
3. In-line electronic scales weigh and sort individual eggs by weight classes so they can be diverted to proper packaging lines
4. Eggs automatically conveyed to packaging unit
5. Packaging unit orients eggs with small end down and gently places them into consumer cartons
6. Packaged eggs leaving automatic packaging equipment are placed into shipped cases

Question 10

Observations upon Candling
Images
BBFID

Answer 10

Blood spot
Blood spot (8d) with bacterial ring
Fertile egg at 6d
Infertile egg
Double yolk

Question 11

Observations upon Candling
Video
Good Egg vs Bad Egg

Answer 11

Good Egg - shadow
Rotten - very dark shadow, very large air cell
Blood Spot
Double Yolk
Fertile Live - blood vessels