Exercise 4 Incubator and Hatchery Operation

Question 1

_
- to lie upon
- provision of _ _ (temp, ventilation, humidity & turning) to fertile egg until hatching
- _ will depend on:
- proper care of eggs
- management of flocks
- incubation method and technique

Answer 1

Definition
- basic requirements
- success

Question 2

• eggs from mature, well fed, healthy, and unrelated stocks
• uniform eggs in shape and size (absence of eternal defects)
• clean eggs (dirty eggs not for storing)
• dry eggs before storing

Answer 2

Selection and Care of Eggs

Question 3

Selection and Care of Eggs
- _ _:
- RH: 70-75%
- Temp: 12.7-15.5 deg C
- Larger end on top
- Angle: 30-45
- do not store more than 2 weeks
- allow eggs to reach RT before setting
- make sure incubator is ready before setting

Answer 3

• Storage Requirements

Question 4

Methods of Incubation
- _ - broody hen or duck
- _
- _ or _ - Tuong, Balutan
- _ _ - still-air, forced-draft

Answer 4

• Natural
• Artificial
  
  • Traditional or Conventional - Tuong, Balutan
  • Non Conventional - still-air, forced-draft

Question 5

Incubator
5000 Capacity Incubator
Separate Hatcher

Answer 5

5000 Capacity Incubator has tilted trays parang walk in freezer/ref with bakery trays

Question 6

Basic Requirements
THVT

Answer 6

• Temperature
• Humidity
• Ventilation
• Turning

Question 7

Basic Requirements
_ - thermometer
- _ _ - 37.2-37.7 deg C (99-10 deg F)
- _ _ - 38.3 deg C (101 deg F)
- “starting up” the embryo development
- affects _ and _ _

Answer 7

Temperature
- forced air - 37.2-37.7
- still air - 38.3
- affects humidity and gas exchange

Question 8

Basic Requirements
_ - _ (%) or wet bulb
- important in preventing unnecessary moisture loss (maintains moisture in egg)
- _ - 58-60 (65% during hatching)
- low _ causes excess evaporation = chicks stick to shell = low _
- influenced by _

Answer 8

Humidity - RH
- RH - 58-60%
- low RH = low hatchability
- influenced by temperature

Question 9

Humidity
Wet-Bulb Values for Four (Dry-bulb) Incubation Temperatures
- effect of relative humidity and temperature to wet-bulb values?

Answer 9

• the higher the relative humidity and tempreature, the higher the wet-bulb values

Question 10

Humidity
Candling of eggs to check air pocket
Affected by Humidity
- size of air cell as days pass?

Answer 10

• the farther the day of incubation, the larger the size of air cell becomes

Question 11

Basic Requirements
_ - supply _ (20-21%)
- removes _ (<5%)
- distributes heat
- fertile egg contains all material needed except _
- _ _ needed by embryo to prevent suffocation
- excess ventilation reduces _

Answer 11

Ventilation - supply O
- removes CO2
- contains all material needed except air
- patent pores needed to prevent suffocation
- excess ventilation reduces humidity

Question 12

Basic Requirements
_
- _: smaller end pointed downwards
- Angle: 45 deg
- _ or Shifting: at least _ a day
- Purpose: _ _ of embryo
- _ 3 days before expected date of hatching

Answer 12

Turning
- Position
- Turning or Shifting: at least 3x a day’
- Purpose: proper positioning of embryo
- stop 3 days before hatching

Question 13

Fertile Eggs
Candling Eggs
7 days vs 14 days vs 21 days

Answer 13

0.57 g -> 9.74 g -> hatched (30.21 g at d20)