Exercise 6 Egg and Chick Evaluation in the Hatchery Flashcards
(26 cards)
Introduction
- _ _ is one of the leading livestock industry in the Philippines
- Eggs are hatched in secured hatcheries all over the country for chick production
- Chicks hatched after 21 days are sorted in a - room
- Incubation for chicken eggs takes about _ days
- Poultry production
- sorted in a pull-out room
- incubation takes about 21 days
Introduction
- Chicks hatched are further classified _ in the hatchery
- Similarly, eggs that did not hatch are also sorted and classified depending on _ and _
- These incubated egg may sold as food
- graded
- cleanliness and quality
Hatchery
- broiler or layer eggs come from _ _ (_ _)
- breeder farms (parents stock)
_
- _ taken upon delivery
- farm name, breed and strain of chicks, location of farm, batch, age of flock
- _ _ that cannot be placed inside the hatchery are stored in a room
- 19-21 deg C at a 45 deg angle
Storage
- information
- fertile eggs
- upon entry, eggs are _ and _
- class A, double yolk, dirty or cracked, size, color, shape
- size
Sorting of Eggs
- classified and sorted
- large, medium, small, peewee, rejected
_ _
- - requirement: 27 deg C for 4 hours, 75% RH
- _ _ _ are slid into buggies
- 1 setter tray = 42 pockets
- 1 egg plot = 4 setter trays
- 1 buggy = 3 columns (15 egg plots)
- 1 buggy= 7560 pcs eggs
Setter incubation
- pre-warming
- egg setter trays
Hatching requirements
TVRT
- Temperature
- Ventilation
- Relative Humidity
- Turning
Incubator in the Hatchery
A. _ _ - 98.6 deg F, 85% RH
B. _ _ - 98.9 deg F, 89% RH
Prewarming of eggs
Pull-Out Day
A. Settler Incubator
B. Hatcher Incubator
_ _
- indicates the number of chicks hatched from the time of transfer from the setter to the hatcher
- time lapsed from the 1st chick that hatched to last chick that hatched
Hatching of chicks - 4AM vs 12NN
Hatch Window
4AM one pa lang; 12NN everyone
_ -
- chick are classified as “_ ” (Good) or “”
- day old chicks are placed in labeled trays
Chick pull-out
- class A or rejects
Classification of Day-Old Chicks (DOC)
- _ _ DOC - healthy and alert, acceptable weight (40-55g), no abnormalities or defects
- _ _ (_) - thin down feather, weight below 35g, presence of physical abnormalities:
- unhealed navel, mushy (omphalitis), swollen eye, twisted leg, curled toes, cross beak, limping
- Class A DOC
- Abnormal chicks (Rejects)
Sexing of DOC
Female vs Male
Female - root of feathers fast growing (?)
Male - feathery feathers
Classification of Unhatched Egg and Pips
- partially hatched or unhatched eggs are brought to candling room
- _ _ _ _ (unhatched eggs)
- _ _ _ (partially hatched eggs)
- dead or alive chicks (unhatched)
- dead or recovered (partially hatched)
Kinds of Unhatched Eggs
PBDLDR
- Penoy
- Balut
- Dead germ
- Live pips
- Dead pips
- Rotten
Kinds of Unhatched Eggs
1. _ - infertile incubated eggs
- maybe cracked or intact
- inside is clear when candled
2. _ - fertile incubated egg
- maybe cracked or intact
- embryo cause a dark shadow when candled
3. _ _ - fertile incubated egg (early embryonic egg)
- when candled, seen as clear egg with slight shadow
- Penoy
- Balut
- Dead germ
Kinds of Unhatched Eggs
4. _ _- chicks that had difficulty hatching (struggled to break out) but are alive
- due to deformities and malposition = death
5. _ _ - chicks that were unable to get out of the shell and are dead
6. _ - may explode
- contents maybe green, black, brown, or red
- when candled, dark shadow with or without air space is observed
- Live pips
- Dead pips
- Rotten
Classification of Rejected DOC
- _ _ are further sorted and classified
- rejected chicks
Chick Defects and Probable Causes
SHBANSL
Sticky Chicks
Abnormalities of the Head
Deformities of the Beak
Deformities of the Abdomen
Deformities of the Navel
Star gazing and Wry neck
Deformities of the Leg
Chick Defects and Probable Causes
_ _
- low _ and/or high _ 20-21 days
- poor or inadequate _ _ in the hatcher
- old or rotten exploding eggs above in the setter
- inadequate _ in the setter
Sticky Chicks
- low temperature and/or high humidity
- poor or inadequate air circulation
- inadequate turning
Chick Defects and Probable Causes
Abnormalities of the Head
- / _ and _ _
- high early incubation temperatures
- may be due to deficiency in niacin of breeding flock
- _ _ and _
- high early incubation temperatures
- may be due to deficiency in niacin and zinc of breeding flock
Abnormalities of the Head
- No/Partial Face and Protruding eye
- Brain hernia and trauma
Chick Defects and Probable Causes
Deformities of the Beak
- _ _ - hereditary or virus infection
- _ _ _ - may be due to deficiency in vitamin D of breeding flock
Deformities of the Beak
- Cross beak
- Upper beak shorter
Chick Defects and Probable Causes
Deformities of the Abdomen
- _ _ - may be due to deficiency in vitamin K and iodine of breeding flock
Deformities of the Abdomen
- Ectopic Viscera
Chick Defects and Probable Causes
Deformities of the Navel
- _ _ - too dry/high temp incubation and navel seals off too quickly before the yolk stalk attaching the yolk to the membranes is retracted, therefore leaving a thin black cord
- _ - sweating/condensation of incubated eggs leading to bacterial/fungal penetration
- unsanitary handling of eggs
- old eggs, long and unsanitary storage
- low average temp and poor ventilation
- high humidity in 1-19 days
Deformities of the Navel
- String Navel
- Omphalitis
Chick Defects and Probable Causes
_ _ and _ _
- too low humidity and late hatching
- may be due to deficiency in Zn of breeding flock
Star gazing and Wry Neck
