Exocrine Glands

Question 1

Where are exocrine and endocrine glands derived from

Answer 1

epithelium

Question 2

Secretory Exocrine gland

Answer 2

secretes product via exocytosis into duct. Comprised of different cell types that modify secretory product. Example is stomach

Question 3

Endocrine exocrine grand

Answer 3

beings development similarly to exocrine, but loses connection with epithelium. Capillaries surround newly developed endocrine cells. Hormones from cells readily secreted through vasculature

Question 4

Adenoma

Answer 4

benign. Lighter in color

Question 5

Adencarcinoma

Answer 5

malignant. have lumen, darkly stained, smaller cells

Question 6

What are the different types of secretion

Answer 6

serous, mucus, mixed, sebaceous

Question 7

What are the different modes of secretion?

Answer 7

merocine, apocrine, holocrine

Question 8

Mucinogens

Answer 8

large, glycosylated proteins when hydrated form a thick, protective fluid called mucin

Question 9

mucin

Answer 9

main component of mucus

Question 10

How to tell if it’s a mucus cell

Answer 10

clear areas where mucinogens are. light staining cytoplasm. columnar cells. nuclei pushed to basal side of cell

Question 11

Goblet cells

Answer 11

form mucus. PAS +, look bright magenta

Question 12

Serous cells

Answer 12

watery secretion enriched with enzymes. Ex) parotid and exocrine pancreas

Question 13

How to tell if it’s a serous cell

Answer 13

acidophilic cytoplasm, spherical nucleus at the basal domain of cells. Darker specs in apical region of cell which are secretory product before it’s exocytosed into lumen

Question 14

Sebaceous secretion

Answer 14

starts during puberty. All hair follicles have these.

Question 15

How to tell if it’s a sebaceous cell

Answer 15

clear cytoplasm, centrally located spherical nucleus

Question 16

Acne vulgaris

Answer 16

hair shaft has penetrated hair follicle, which results in an inflammatory and fibrotic response. Often has inflammatory cells, giant cells, and fibrosis

Question 17

Holocrine secretion

Answer 17

the entire cell disintegrates. Ex) sebaceous gland

Question 18

Merocrine secretion

Answer 18

most common. No loss of the secreting cell

Question 19

Apocrine secretion

Answer 19

lose part of the apex domain. Ex) mammary gland

Question 20

Unicellular gland

Answer 20

one cell secreting stuff. Ex) goblet cells

Question 21

Multicellular sheet

Answer 21

a bunch of cells secreting stuff Ex) lining of stomach

Question 22

Simple tubular without duct cell

Answer 22

all cells lining tube of secretory

Question 23

Simple tubular with duct

Answer 23

has secretory cells and duct cells

Question 24

Simple branched tubular cells

Answer 24

common duct system with branched tubular secretory portions

Question 25

Simple coiled tubular cells

Answer 25

duct system with coiled tube

Question 26

Simple acinar or alveolar

Answer 26

secretory units are acinar (grape like)

Question 27

Branched tubular

Answer 27

branched duct and tubular secretory units

Question 28

branched acinar/alveolar

Answer 28

branched ducts and acinar secretory units

Question 29

branched tubulo-acinar

Answer 29

branched ducts and mix of tubular and acinar secretory units

Question 30

Difference between simple and compound

Answer 30

``` simple = single duct Compound = ducts are branched ```

Question 31

Interalobular ducts

Answer 31

ducts within lobules of secretory gland

Question 32

Intercalated duct

Answer 32

smaller. Lined with flattened cuboidal cells

Question 33

Striated duct

Answer 33

larger. palisade arrangement of michondria in basal area forming acidophilic striations. nucleus at apical domain

Question 34

Interlobular ducts

Answer 34

ducts between lobules (in CT)

Question 35

Serous demilune

Answer 35

serous cells form crest-shaped cap over mucous cells. In an artifact of fixation

Question 36

Djorgren syndrome

Answer 36

females btwn ages of 50-60 dry eyes and mouth because of decreased salivary and lacrimal secretions because they are infiltrated by T-cells, causing cells to become fibrotic. Parotid gland enlarged. Autoimmune

Question 37

What is the main difference between pancreus and parotid gland

Answer 37

Pancreas does not have striated ducts, while parotid does. Parotid does not have centroacinar cells, while pancreas does

Question 38

Bartholin gland cyst

Answer 38

welling in labia majorum.