Expansion in India Flashcards
(16 cards)
East India company
-set up in …
-had a m… over British t… in India
-their ships carried British g… and t… them for goods in far away c… eg J…
-china, s…, coffee and s… were brought back to Britain
—>making Britain a f…
-India became an important b… for Britains g… global trading t…
-set up trade posts in S…, Madras and B…
-had its own a… and navy where locals were t… to become soldiers
-their m… ended in 169..
-set up in 1600
-had a monopoly over British trade in India
-their ships carried British goods and traded them for goods in far away countries eg Japan
-china, silk, coffee and spices were brought back to Britain
—>making Britain a fortune
-India became an important base for Britains growing global trading
-set up trade posts in Surat, Madras and Bombay
-had its own army and navy where locals were trained to become soldiers
-their monopoly ended in 1694
European invasion and trade in india
-in the …s the M… who were Muslim invaded … and took control of areas run by H… princes
-w… broke out during the reign of the M… emperor and they began to lose c… of India
-some … nations took a… of this and began to e… their control over …
-in the 1500s the Mughals who were Muslim invaded India and took control of areas run by Hindu princes
-war broke out during the reign of the Mughal emperor and they began to lose control of India
-some European nations took advantage of this and began to expand their control over India
Expansion and decline of the EIC
Expansion:
-in the …s it began to take more and … land using its p… army and n…
-at the battle of P… around .k company troops d… an army of over ..k
-they then took over B… (very r…)
-fights other E… countries and takes over their t… posts
Decline:
-making huge p… in I… but losing money elsewhere because of the decline in trade with a…
-they british g… intervenes because they don’t want to go b… and lose control of a lot of i…
-the G… of India A… states that both the … Gov and the … control the territory in i… together
-after Britain lost valuable A… colonies the British Gov became increasingly i… with India and g… took more c…
Expansion:
-in the 1700s it began to take more and more land using its private army and navy
-at the battle of Plassey around 3k company troops defeated an army of over 40k
-they then took over Bengal (very rich)
-fights other European countries and games over their trading posts
Decline:
-making huge profits in India but losing money elsewhere because of the decline in trade with America
-they british Gov intervenes because they don’t want to go bankrupt and lose control of a lot of India
-the Government of India Act states that both the British Gov and the EIC control the territory in India together
-after Britain lost valuable American colonies the British Gov became increasingly involved with India and gradually took more control
Warren Hastings
-1732-1818
-first governor general of India
-strengthened British control in India
-reorganised tax systems, tightened anti-corruption laws
-faced accusations of corruption, mismanagement and poor military judgement from political rivals
-1732-181..
-first g… general of I…
-strengthened B… control in India
-reorganised t… systems, tightened anti-c… laws
-faced a… of corruption, m… and poor m… judgement from political r…
Robert Clive
-1725-7..
-started as an E… office c…
-joined the EICs a…
-while he was governor of B… he won the battle of P…
-his greed and m… increased the d… of the …. Bengal f…, where around …million died
-1725-74
-started as an EIC office clerk
-joined the EICs army
-while he was governed of Bengal he won the battle of Plassey
-his greed and mismanagement increased the devastation of the 1700 Bengal famine, where around 10million died
What were local Indian soldiers who were recruited for the army called
Sepoys
What were sepoys
Local Indian soldiers recruited for the army
Sepoy discontent
-little hope of p…
-often the f… to be sent to the most d… places to f…
-felt they were being p… into c…
-felt they weren’t t… well
-a new r… was introduce which involved b… off the end of the c…, however they were coated in a… fat, which was against M… and H… religion
-little hope of promotion
-often the first to be sent to the most dangerous places to fight
-felt they were being pressured into Christianity
-felt they weren’t treated well
-a new rifle was introduce which involved biting off the end of the cartridges, however they were covered in animal fat, which was against Muslim and Hindu religion
When was the Indian rebellion
1857
The Indian rebellion
-s… objected to the new c…, but the British i… the o…
-in M… 85 s… refused to use the c… and were jailed for … years
-other sepoys rose up in s… for the prisoners and b… them out of j…
-B… officers were k… and British c… homes were set on f…
-situation e… and other sepoys in n… India r…
-sepoys objected to the new cartridges, but the British ignored the objections
-in Meerut 85 sepoys refused to use the cartridges and were jailed for 10 years
-other sepoys rose up in support for the prisoners and broke them out of jail
-British officers were killed and British civilian homes were set on fire
-situation escalated and other sepoys in northern India rebelled
India at war
Main battles:
-B… massacre, of … British women and c…
—>angered the B…, who r… brutally
Nature of the conflict:
-both sides acted b… and there were m… on both sides
When did it end:
-p… was declared on the 8th j… 185..
Main battles:
-Bibighar massacre, of 200 British women and children
—>angered the British, who retaliated brutally
Nature of the conflict:
-both sides acted brutally and there were massacres on both sides
When did it end:
-peace was declared on the 8th July 1858
Aftermath of the Indian rebellion
-shocked the B…
-the British g… took over r… for running India from the E…
-a new Gov d… (the I… office) was set up and run by a v…
-the British were more c… about how they g… eg less involved with r…
-l… number of I… were allowed jobs in the local g…
-the Indian u… act created u…
-shocked the British
-the British government took over responsibility for running India from the EIC
-a new Gov department (the India office) was set up and run by a viceroy
-the British were more careful about how they governed eg less involved with religion
-limited number of Indians were allowed jobs in the local Gov
-the Indian universities act created universities
Why was the Indian rebellion referred to by different names and what were they
-British referred to it as the Indian mutiny
-for Indians it was referred to as the war of independence or great rebellion
Positive and negative impacts of British control over India
Positive:
-the B… built t… of km of r…, as well as s…, hospitals, f… and railways
-introduce a new l… system
-helped settle a… feuds between r… areas
-introduce v… to kill d… like malaria and s…
-improved s… systems and w… supplies
-Indians were provided more j…
-areas in India became i…
Negative:
-roads and r… were only built to allow British traders to t… goods more q…
-British c… were f… upon people, and local t…, culture and r… were ignored
-Indian w… were often e…
-people blamedb… the British for the f… in the late …s, as the British replaced f… crops with high v… crops like c… and tea
Positive:
-the British built thousands of km of roads, as well as schools, hospitalised, factories and railways
-introduce a new legal system
-helped settle ancient feuds between rival areas
-introduce vaccines to kill diseases like malaria and smallpox
-improved sewage systems and water supplies
-Indians were provided more jobs
-areas in India became industrialised
Negative:
-roads and railways were only built to allow British traders to transport goods more quickly
-British customs were forced upon people, and local traditions, culture and religions were ignored
-Indian workers were often exploited
-people blamed the British for the famine in the late 1800s, as the British replaced food crops with high value crops like cotton and tea
Benefits of India on Britain
-British mad f… from trading India’s r… materials like tea, s… and spices
-increased trade j… in …
-Indian a… fought on B… side in both the f… and Second W… War
-British mad fortunes from trading India’s raw materials like tea, silk and spices
-increased trade jobs in Britain
-Indian army fought on Britains side in both the first and Second World War
Summary of India’s expansion
-I… became an important b… for much of Britains g… global t…
-Robert C… led British t… at the battle of … and Warren H… was the first g… general of India, who both played k… roles in the d… of the British e…
-the EIC d… British t.. in India
-by 18..s there was w… frustration with British r… among I…
-the Indian r… 185.. led to the B… Gov taking complete c… over running I…
-Britain had both many p… and negative i… on India
-India became an important base for much of Britains growing global trading
-Robert Clive led British troops at the battle of Plassey and Warren Hastings was the first governor general of India, who both played key roles in the development of the British empire
-the EIC dominated British trade in India
-by 1850s there was widespread frustration with British rule among Indians
-the Indian rebellion 1857 led to the British Gov taking complete control over running India
-Britain had both many positive and negative impacts on India
