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Experiments Flashcards

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1
Q

disproved the existence of the luminiferous aether

A

Michelson-Morley experiment

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2
Q

demonstrated that the material responsible for the inheritance of traits was DNA rather than protein

A

Hershey-Chase experiment

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3
Q

Dayton Miller tried to reproduce it on a large scale

A

Michelson-Morley experiment

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4
Q

genes are carried on chromosomes

A

Thomas Hunt Morgan’s fruit fly experiments

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5
Q

white-eyed mutant

A

Thomas Hunt Morgan’s fruit fly experiments

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6
Q

developed the “plum pudding” model of the atom

A

J. J. Thomson’s Cathode Ray Tubes

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7
Q

holds that each organism has two alleles for each trait

A

Gregor Mendel’s experiments with pea plants

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8
Q

a negative result can be explained by length contraction

A

Michelson-Morley experiment

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9
Q

genetics experiments on the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster)

A

Thomas Hunt Morgan’s fruit fly experiments

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10
Q

Fly Room

A

Thomas Hunt Morgan’s fruit fly experiments

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11
Q

modeled Earth’s prebiotic atmosphere as a mixture of water, methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), and hydrogen

A

Miller-Urey experiment

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12
Q

demonstrated that the angular momentum of an atom is quantized

A

Stern-Gerlach experiment

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13
Q

resulting mixture contained more than 20 distinct amino acids that formed spontaneously

A

Miller-Urey experiment

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14
Q

sometimes called the “Waring Blender” experiment

A

Hershey-Chase experiment

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15
Q

Phipps and Taylor performed a version using hydrogen

A

Stern-Gerlach experiment

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16
Q

new strains of Neurospora needed arginine to reproduce

A

Beadle and Tatum bread mold experiments

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17
Q

Mendelian paradox (i.e. the data is too good to be true)

A

Gregor Mendel’s experiments with pea plants

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18
Q

one gene-one enzyme hypothesis

A

Beadle and Tatum bread mold experiments

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19
Q

Columbia

A

Thomas Hunt Morgan’s fruit fly experiments

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20
Q

placed cathode ray tubes in an electric field and observed the deflection of the rays

A

J. J. Thomson’s Cathode Ray Tubes

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21
Q

diffraction predicted for X-rays by Bragg’s law

A

Davisson-Germer experiment

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22
Q

law of independent assortment

A

Gregor Mendel’s experiments with pea plants

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23
Q

A beam of silver atoms was fired through an inhomogeneous magnetic field

A

Stern-Gerlach experiment

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24
Q

pioneered the study of genetics

A

Gregor Mendel’s experiments with pea plants

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25
confirmed wave-particle duality
Davisson-Germer experiment
26
used an electron counter called a Faraday box (or Faraday cup)
Davisson-Germer experiment
27
discovered the positively charged nucleus of the atom
Rutherford gold foil experiment
28
Rabi oscillations critical to the development of MRI
Stern-Gerlach experiment
29
allowed four substances to react in an apparatus over a one-week period
Miller-Urey experiment
30
can be performed with Mach–Zehnder interferometer with two half-silvered mirrors
Thomas Young’s double-slit experiment
31
University of Chicago
Miller-Urey experiment
32
modern "volcanic" version of the experiment produced even more amino acids, including sulfur compounds
Miller-Urey experiment
33
mounted on a slab of stone floating in a pool of mercury so that it could turn without friction
Michelson-Morley experiment
34
diffraction is a property of waves, not particles, and thus could only be observed if electrons can act as waves
Davisson-Germer experiment
35
law of segregation
Gregor Mendel’s experiments with pea plants
36
more modern versions that add detectors showing which slit the light passes through
Thomas Young’s double-slit experiment
37
discovered the electron
J. J. Thomson’s Cathode Ray Tubes
38
passing a beam of light through two narrowly spaced slits
Thomas Young’s double-slit experiment
39
used E. coli grown in a medium containing only nitrogen-15
Meselson-Stahl experiment
40
included a heater to convert the water to water vapor and an electrode to simulate lightning strikes
Miller-Urey experiment
41
demonstrated that the genetic material was DNA, not protein
Hershey-Chase experiment
42
genes for individual traits are inherited independently
Gregor Mendel’s experiments with pea plants
43
peak intensity was observed at 50 degrees and 54 electronvolts
Davisson-Germer experiment
44
later at Caltech
Thomas Hunt Morgan’s fruit fly experiments
45
an attempt to demonstrate how life could form from inorganic chemicals
Miller-Urey experiment
46
also did a famous experiment on maize
Beadle and Tatum bread mold experiments
47
a modern variant, called a quantum eraser, demonstrates quantum entanglement
Thomas Young’s double-slit experiment
48
Kennedy and Thorndike adapted it
Michelson-Morley experiment
49
phages allowed to infect E. coli
Hershey-Chase experiment
50
radium, radon, and bismuth-214 used to produce the alpha particles
Rutherford gold foil experiment
51
demonstrated that light can behave as either a wave or a particle
Thomas Young’s double-slit experiment
52
phages’ DNA contained phosphorus-32 in its backbone or contained sulfur-35
Hershey-Chase experiment
53
Neurospora could not thrive on a minimal medium, they needed to consume the twenty common amino acids
Beadle and Tatum bread mold experiments
54
led to the Geiger counter
Rutherford gold foil experiment
55
contradicted the corpuscular theory of light
Thomas Young’s double-slit experiment
56
used modified Crookes tubes
J. J. Thomson’s Cathode Ray Tubes
57
carried out by creating radiolabeled T2 bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria)
Hershey-Chase experiment
58
at Case Western Reserve University
Michelson-Morley experiment
59
fired electrons at a nickel crystal and measured the diffraction patterns
Davisson-Germer experiment
60
produced scintillations
Rutherford gold foil experiment
61
Afshar experiment (variation showing principle of complementarity)
Thomas Young’s double-slit experiment
62
worked with seven characteristics, including plant height, seed shape, and color
Gregor Mendel’s experiments with pea plants
63
a particle’s de Broglie wavelength is equal to Planck’s constant divided by its momentum
Davisson-Germer experiment
64
was an Austrian monk
Gregor Mendel’s experiments with pea plants
65
proved that DNA replication is semiconservative
Meselson-Stahl experiment
66
a fundamental test of special relativity
Michelson-Morley experiment
67
Claus Jönsson performed this experiment with electrons
Thomas Young’s double-slit experiment
68
studies of mutations in the bread mold Neurospora (N. crassa)
Beadle and Tatum bread mold experiments
69
it disproved J. J. Thomson’s plum pudding model
Rutherford gold foil experiment
70
Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden
Rutherford gold foil experiment
71
confirmed the de Broglie hypothesis by showing that electrons can exhibit wave-like behavior
Davisson-Germer experiment
72
room 613 of Schermerhorn Hall
Thomas Hunt Morgan’s fruit fly experiments
73
sulfur from cigar smoke helped to visualize the spots on the detectors
Stern-Gerlach experiment
74
Joan Oró determined that hydrogen cyanide was critical in achieving results
Miller-Urey experiment
75
Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge
J. J. Thomson’s Cathode Ray Tubes
76
“It was almost as incredible as if you fired a 15-inch shell at a piece of tissue paper, and it came back and hit you.”
Rutherford gold foil experiment
77
scattered particles were detected by a screen containing zinc sulfide
Rutherford gold foil experiment
78
measured the charge of the electron
Millikan Oil Drop
79
Often called the most famous failed experiment in science
Michelson-Morley experiment
80
viruses labeled with sulfur did not transfer their radioactivity to the cells, while the viruses labeled with phosphorus did
Hershey-Chase experiment
81
fired alpha particles (helium nuclei) at a sheet of gold foil
Rutherford gold foil experiment
82
measured using a fluorescent screen
J. J. Thomson’s Cathode Ray Tubes
83
used a centrifuge to remove the viral coats from the bacteria called 'ghosts'
Hershey-Chase experiment

Science (General) (14 decks)

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