Experiments Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is an independent variable
What the researcher CHANGES to see effect on dv
What is a dependent variable
The variable they are MEASURING
What is a extraneous variable
A variable other than the iv which could affect dv so needs to be controlled
What is a confounding variable
Other than iv which directly affects dv by mistake
What is a strength of a lab experiment
Quantitative
Easy to replicate
Most scientific
High control of iv
What is a weakness of a lab exp
Lacks ecological validity
Can’t generalise
Demand characteristics
Social desire ability bias
What is a strength of a field exp
Better ecological validity
More realistic
Reduction in demand characteristics
What is a weakness of field exp
Lack of control
More expensive
Time consuming
Difficult to replicate
What is a strength of quasi exp
Fewer demand characteristics
Avoid experimenter bias
Only way to research topics
What is a weakness of quasi exp
Lack of control
More difficult to replicate
What is independent measures
Participants only take part in ONE condition of experiment
What is repeated measures
Participants take part in BOTH conditions of experiment
What is matched pairs
Participants are matched in each condition for characteristics that may affect performance
What is a strength of independent measures
Less chance of demand characteristics
Less order effects
What is a strength of repeated measures
Less time consuming
No individual differences
Less costly
What is a strength of matched pairs
Less chance of individual differences
Less chance of demand characteristics
Less chance of order effects
What is a weakness of independent measures
Individual differences
More time consuming
More money
What is a weakness of repeated measures
Demand characteristics
Order effects
‘Screw you’ effect
What are order effects
Order in which condition are presented can effect results
What do experiments look for
They look for a difference
What is an alternate hypothesis
It says there WILL be a SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE
Also knows as a experimental hypothesis
What is a one tails / directional hypothesis
These state the DIRECTION of the experiment
What is a two tailed/ non direction hypothesis ?
These don’t state the direction of the experiment
What is a null experiment
The hypotheses says there WONT BE a SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE
